基于压差法的透气性测试装置关键技术研究
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摘要
塑料薄膜和薄片等软包装材料在食品、药品等各种日用包装的工农业应用中具有广泛的应用,薄膜和薄片的透气性能直接影响包装质量,在薄膜和薄片生产和应用中,需要测试其透气性能。
目前,压差法是薄膜和薄片透气性测试的主要方法之一。影响压差法测试结果的因素很多,主要有：测试装置的泄漏、测试的环境温度、温度和压力检测仪的精度、有效量程和稳定性等检测性能和测试件脱气状态等,通过适当的延长测试件的脱气时间,能大大的减少测试件脱气状态对测试结果的影响,通过提高温度和压力检测仪的精度和稳定性,尽管可以直接提高薄膜和薄片透气性测试的准确度,但必然会导致其测试成本的剧烈增长。因此,基于压差法的薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的关键技术是减少测试装置的泄漏和提高其测试腔恒温控制的精度。
目前,国内外基于压差法的薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置采用单密封结构,由于其泄漏相对较大,难以测试高阻隔性薄膜透气性能。因此,要重视测试装置多层密封结构的研究。查阅国内外资料,目前还没见到薄膜透气性测试装置多层密封结构设计的研究。
环境温度是影响薄膜和薄片透气性测试结果另一重要因素,采用基于PWM的模糊PID控制对测试装置进行恒温控制,在一定的温度控制范围之内取得了一定效果,但要进一步提高恒温控制的精度,基于PWM的模糊PID温度控制方法难以实现。高精度的恒温控制方法和策略有待进一步研究。
基于此,本文着重研究了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的多层密封结构设计问题,提出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的双层密封结构和三层密封结构设计方法,着重研究了基于半导体制冷的薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的传热模型和高精度恒温控制问题,建立了透气性测试装置传热数学模型,给出了一种高精度的恒温控制方法和策略。给出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的设计原则。
主要研究成果和创新点如下：
(1)透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构研究
提出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构设计方法,建立了描述透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构数学模型。分析了双层密封结构和三层密封结构因泄漏而引起的压强变化特性,给出了相应的仿真和实验结果。结果表明：薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构设计符合实际应用要求。透气性测试装置多层密封结构设计研究填补了国内外在该领域的空白。
(2)透气性测试装置双层密封结构优化
给出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置双密封结构的系统临界时间求解表达式,分析了测试装置双密封结构时间流阻容量常数特性。在总密封体积限定的条件下,得出了双密封结构的优化结构比,从理论上给出了双密封结构优化的方法。给出了相应的仿真和实验结果。结果表明：该双密封结构的优化是正确和合理的。
(3)基于半导体制冷热的透气性测试装置传热模型研究
首次提出和建立了基于半导体制冷热的透气性测试装置测试腔的传热数学模型从理论上给出了其温度场的解析解,给出了相应的仿真和实验结果。结果验证了该热传热数学模型和温度场解析解的正确性,为进一步研究透气性测试装置高精度的恒温控制提供了理论依据。
(4)基于半导体制冷热的透气性测试装置高精度恒温控制研究
提出了一种基于PWM调节的预测函数控制方法,并利用该方法对透气性测试装置腔体温度进行控制,给出了仿真和实验结果,结果表明：该方法能有效的提高温度控制系统的动态性能和稳态精度,具有实用价值。
(5)薄膜和薄片透气性测试实验和误差分析
采用双层密封结构设计和基于PWM调节的预测函数控制温度控制技术,对薄膜和薄片的透气性进行了测试实验,结果表明：测试结果更准确和稳定。给出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试的误差分析和相应的设计原则。
Plastic film and sheet are packaging materials for food, medicine and other daily use packaging, it is widely used in industrial and agricultural. The permeability of film and sheet direct impact packaging quality, it is necessary to permeability for its production and application.
Now, Differential pressure method is one of the most widely used methods for testing film and sheet permeability. There are many factors to affect the test result which based on the differential pressure. Such as the leakage of test system, the environment temperature, the capability that included detector accuracy, effective range and stability of the temperature and pressure test device and the degasification of the film. It can greatly reduce impact of test results through appropriate extend the test pieces degassing time. Although it can improve the accuracy of permeability testing by increasing the accuracy and stability of the detector, it will inevitably lead to rapidly increase cost of test. Therefore, the key technology is control the permeability test device leakage and the environment temperature stable.
Now, at domestic and foreign, the permeability test device based on Differential pressure method is single seal structure.For hign barrier film permeability test, it is difficult to test by single seal structure test device. Therefore, we should pay attention to research multi-layer seal structure of permeability test device. Access to domestic and foreign, there is not research multi-layer seal structure for permeability test device.
The environment temperature is another important factor that affects the permeability test results.It can to achieve some effect in a certain range by using he fuzzy PID control on the PWM to control the test device.To improve the accuracy of temperature control, it is difficult to achieve by use the fuzzy PID control on the PWM. Therefore, it need to further research higher precision temperature control method and strategy.
Based on this, this paper focuses on research multilayer seal structure of permeability test device, the design method of double and three seal structure are give. This paper focuses on research heat transfer model and temperature control of permeability test system which based on TEC, the heat transfer mathematical model of permeability test device is build. A higer accuracy temperature control method and strategy is given. The design principle of film and sheet permeability test device is give.
Main research results and the innovations are as followed:
(1) Research on double and three seal structure of permeability test device.
Propose the design method of double and three seal structure for film and sheet permeability test device, established mathematical model for double and three seal structure of film and sheet permeability test device. Analyze the pressure changing characteristic of the double and three seal structure which caused by leakage. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the double and three seal structure of permeability test device accord with the application requirement. The gap is filled in the field of permeability test at domestic and foreign by permeability test device seal structure.
(2) Optimization of the double seal structure of permeability test device.
Give the system critical time solution expression of double seal structure of permeability test device. Analyze the time flow resistance capacitance constant characteristic of the test device. At the condition of the total seal volume was limited, obtain the optimize structure rate of the double seal structure. Give double seal structure optimization method in theory. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the optimization of the double seal structure is correct and reasonable.
(3) Research on heat transfer model of permeability test device based on TEC.
The first time propose and build the heat transfer mathematical model of the permeability test device which based on TEC. Give the analytic solutions of the temperature field in theory. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the correctness of the transfer mathematical model and the analytic solutions of the temperature field. Provide the theory evidence for the deeper research the temperature control of film and sheet permeability test device.
(4) Research on higer accuracy temperature control of permeability test based on the TEC.
Propose a predict function control method based on the PWM for temperature control. Use the method to control the temperature of the permeability test device's cavity. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the temperature control could effectively advance the dynamic properties and steady state precision of temperature control system, the method has pratical value.
(5) Experiment and error analysis of film and sheet permeability test.
Use the technology of double seal structure design and PFC temperature control based on the PWM. the permeability test experiment is done for film and sheet, the results show that test results are more accurate and stable. The error analysis and corresponding design discipline of film and sheet permeability test device are given.
目前,压差法是薄膜和薄片透气性测试的主要方法之一。影响压差法测试结果的因素很多,主要有：测试装置的泄漏、测试的环境温度、温度和压力检测仪的精度、有效量程和稳定性等检测性能和测试件脱气状态等,通过适当的延长测试件的脱气时间,能大大的减少测试件脱气状态对测试结果的影响,通过提高温度和压力检测仪的精度和稳定性,尽管可以直接提高薄膜和薄片透气性测试的准确度,但必然会导致其测试成本的剧烈增长。因此,基于压差法的薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的关键技术是减少测试装置的泄漏和提高其测试腔恒温控制的精度。
目前,国内外基于压差法的薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置采用单密封结构,由于其泄漏相对较大,难以测试高阻隔性薄膜透气性能。因此,要重视测试装置多层密封结构的研究。查阅国内外资料,目前还没见到薄膜透气性测试装置多层密封结构设计的研究。
环境温度是影响薄膜和薄片透气性测试结果另一重要因素,采用基于PWM的模糊PID控制对测试装置进行恒温控制,在一定的温度控制范围之内取得了一定效果,但要进一步提高恒温控制的精度,基于PWM的模糊PID温度控制方法难以实现。高精度的恒温控制方法和策略有待进一步研究。
基于此,本文着重研究了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的多层密封结构设计问题,提出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的双层密封结构和三层密封结构设计方法,着重研究了基于半导体制冷的薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的传热模型和高精度恒温控制问题,建立了透气性测试装置传热数学模型,给出了一种高精度的恒温控制方法和策略。给出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置的设计原则。
主要研究成果和创新点如下：
(1)透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构研究
提出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构设计方法,建立了描述透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构数学模型。分析了双层密封结构和三层密封结构因泄漏而引起的压强变化特性,给出了相应的仿真和实验结果。结果表明：薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置双层密封结构和三层密封结构设计符合实际应用要求。透气性测试装置多层密封结构设计研究填补了国内外在该领域的空白。
(2)透气性测试装置双层密封结构优化
给出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试装置双密封结构的系统临界时间求解表达式,分析了测试装置双密封结构时间流阻容量常数特性。在总密封体积限定的条件下,得出了双密封结构的优化结构比,从理论上给出了双密封结构优化的方法。给出了相应的仿真和实验结果。结果表明：该双密封结构的优化是正确和合理的。
(3)基于半导体制冷热的透气性测试装置传热模型研究
首次提出和建立了基于半导体制冷热的透气性测试装置测试腔的传热数学模型从理论上给出了其温度场的解析解,给出了相应的仿真和实验结果。结果验证了该热传热数学模型和温度场解析解的正确性,为进一步研究透气性测试装置高精度的恒温控制提供了理论依据。
(4)基于半导体制冷热的透气性测试装置高精度恒温控制研究
提出了一种基于PWM调节的预测函数控制方法,并利用该方法对透气性测试装置腔体温度进行控制,给出了仿真和实验结果,结果表明：该方法能有效的提高温度控制系统的动态性能和稳态精度,具有实用价值。
(5)薄膜和薄片透气性测试实验和误差分析
采用双层密封结构设计和基于PWM调节的预测函数控制温度控制技术,对薄膜和薄片的透气性进行了测试实验,结果表明：测试结果更准确和稳定。给出了薄膜和薄片透气性测试的误差分析和相应的设计原则。
Plastic film and sheet are packaging materials for food, medicine and other daily use packaging, it is widely used in industrial and agricultural. The permeability of film and sheet direct impact packaging quality, it is necessary to permeability for its production and application.
Now, Differential pressure method is one of the most widely used methods for testing film and sheet permeability. There are many factors to affect the test result which based on the differential pressure. Such as the leakage of test system, the environment temperature, the capability that included detector accuracy, effective range and stability of the temperature and pressure test device and the degasification of the film. It can greatly reduce impact of test results through appropriate extend the test pieces degassing time. Although it can improve the accuracy of permeability testing by increasing the accuracy and stability of the detector, it will inevitably lead to rapidly increase cost of test. Therefore, the key technology is control the permeability test device leakage and the environment temperature stable.
Now, at domestic and foreign, the permeability test device based on Differential pressure method is single seal structure.For hign barrier film permeability test, it is difficult to test by single seal structure test device. Therefore, we should pay attention to research multi-layer seal structure of permeability test device. Access to domestic and foreign, there is not research multi-layer seal structure for permeability test device.
The environment temperature is another important factor that affects the permeability test results.It can to achieve some effect in a certain range by using he fuzzy PID control on the PWM to control the test device.To improve the accuracy of temperature control, it is difficult to achieve by use the fuzzy PID control on the PWM. Therefore, it need to further research higher precision temperature control method and strategy.
Based on this, this paper focuses on research multilayer seal structure of permeability test device, the design method of double and three seal structure are give. This paper focuses on research heat transfer model and temperature control of permeability test system which based on TEC, the heat transfer mathematical model of permeability test device is build. A higer accuracy temperature control method and strategy is given. The design principle of film and sheet permeability test device is give.
Main research results and the innovations are as followed:
(1) Research on double and three seal structure of permeability test device.
Propose the design method of double and three seal structure for film and sheet permeability test device, established mathematical model for double and three seal structure of film and sheet permeability test device. Analyze the pressure changing characteristic of the double and three seal structure which caused by leakage. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the double and three seal structure of permeability test device accord with the application requirement. The gap is filled in the field of permeability test at domestic and foreign by permeability test device seal structure.
(2) Optimization of the double seal structure of permeability test device.
Give the system critical time solution expression of double seal structure of permeability test device. Analyze the time flow resistance capacitance constant characteristic of the test device. At the condition of the total seal volume was limited, obtain the optimize structure rate of the double seal structure. Give double seal structure optimization method in theory. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the optimization of the double seal structure is correct and reasonable.
(3) Research on heat transfer model of permeability test device based on TEC.
The first time propose and build the heat transfer mathematical model of the permeability test device which based on TEC. Give the analytic solutions of the temperature field in theory. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the correctness of the transfer mathematical model and the analytic solutions of the temperature field. Provide the theory evidence for the deeper research the temperature control of film and sheet permeability test device.
(4) Research on higer accuracy temperature control of permeability test based on the TEC.
Propose a predict function control method based on the PWM for temperature control. Use the method to control the temperature of the permeability test device's cavity. Give the corresponding simulation and experimental results, the result show that the temperature control could effectively advance the dynamic properties and steady state precision of temperature control system, the method has pratical value.
(5) Experiment and error analysis of film and sheet permeability test.
Use the technology of double seal structure design and PFC temperature control based on the PWM. the permeability test experiment is done for film and sheet, the results show that test results are more accurate and stable. The error analysis and corresponding design discipline of film and sheet permeability test device are given.
引文
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