基于组态软件的轨道板蒸汽养护监控系统的研究
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摘要
随着我国铁路建设的不断发展,对高质量的轨道板的需求日益增大,这就对轨道板的生产效率提出了新的要求。在轨道板的生产过程中,蒸汽养护的技术水平直接影响到轨道板的质量、能源消耗、企业的经济效益和社会效益。因此,对轨道板蒸汽养护监控系统的研究有重大实际意义。
论文在对工业计算机控制系统应用现状讨论的基础上,通过对蒸汽养护工艺流程分析,设计了一套蒸汽养护计算机控制系统,以代替现有的人工控制方式。根据蒸汽养护过程中温度控制具有大滞后、非线性的特点,对蒸汽窑的温度采用参数自整定模糊PID控制,从而提高温度的控制精度。
论文首先给出了蒸汽养护监控系统的总体设计方案;然后针对温度控制系统的特点,设计了蒸汽窑温度的模糊PID控制器,并进行了仿真;接着详细讲述了基于组态软件MCGS的上位机应用软件的开发,通过组态软件将养护的工艺流程以直观的画面显示出来,记录在线检测的参数、设备运行状态和过程参数的历史曲线、实时诊断和报警,实现对整个蒸汽养护工艺流程和设备运行状态的实时监控。
最后论文给出了以MiniARM工控板M2005-NU11为硬件开发平台,以嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-II为软件开发平台的温度采集控制器的设计。温度采集控制器主要功能是采集蒸汽窑的温度数据和通过模糊PID控制算法控制阀门的开度。它既可以作为整个监控系统的一部分,通过接收上位机的控制命令和养护参数来实现对蒸汽窑的养护过程,又可以直接作为一个独立控制系统,在现场通过键盘输入控制命令和养护参数,实现对蒸汽窑的养护工作。
Production efficiency of the track slab should be improved with the development of railway construction. The Technical level of Steam Preservation affects the quality of the track slab, energy consumption, the economic benefits of enterprises and social benefits directly. Therefore, it has a major practical significance to study the steam preservation monitoring system.
On the basis of discussing the application of industrial computer control systems and by analyzing technological process of steam preservation, this thesis presents a monitor and control system on steam preservation of track slab which can replace current manual control mode. According to the temperature control characteristics, such as time-delay and nonlinear, in steam preservation, the fuzzy Parameter Self-tuning PID control is used to improve the temperature control precision.
First, the thesis presents a overall design plan of the monitor and control system on steam preservation, then designs the fuzzy-PID controller to characteristics of the system and simulates this system, then the thesis describes the development of upper computer based on the configuration software MCGS in detail. It can display procedure craft of steam preservation directly, record online parameters, equipment status, the historical parameters of the process, Real-time diagnosis and alarm. The system can implement real-time control of the whole steam preservation.
At last, the thesis presents a design plan of temperature acquisition controller that uses M2005-NU11 as hardware platform andμC/OS-II as software platform. The main function of temperature acquisition controller is to gather data of temperate and control the opening of the valve with fuzzy PID Control. It can not only be used as part of the whole monitoring system to control the conservation process by receiving the control orders and conservation parameters of steam kiln from PC, but also be used as an independent control system, which can inputs parameters of control orders and conservation with keyboard to control the scene directly.
论文在对工业计算机控制系统应用现状讨论的基础上,通过对蒸汽养护工艺流程分析,设计了一套蒸汽养护计算机控制系统,以代替现有的人工控制方式。根据蒸汽养护过程中温度控制具有大滞后、非线性的特点,对蒸汽窑的温度采用参数自整定模糊PID控制,从而提高温度的控制精度。
论文首先给出了蒸汽养护监控系统的总体设计方案;然后针对温度控制系统的特点,设计了蒸汽窑温度的模糊PID控制器,并进行了仿真;接着详细讲述了基于组态软件MCGS的上位机应用软件的开发,通过组态软件将养护的工艺流程以直观的画面显示出来,记录在线检测的参数、设备运行状态和过程参数的历史曲线、实时诊断和报警,实现对整个蒸汽养护工艺流程和设备运行状态的实时监控。
最后论文给出了以MiniARM工控板M2005-NU11为硬件开发平台,以嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-II为软件开发平台的温度采集控制器的设计。温度采集控制器主要功能是采集蒸汽窑的温度数据和通过模糊PID控制算法控制阀门的开度。它既可以作为整个监控系统的一部分,通过接收上位机的控制命令和养护参数来实现对蒸汽窑的养护过程,又可以直接作为一个独立控制系统,在现场通过键盘输入控制命令和养护参数,实现对蒸汽窑的养护工作。
Production efficiency of the track slab should be improved with the development of railway construction. The Technical level of Steam Preservation affects the quality of the track slab, energy consumption, the economic benefits of enterprises and social benefits directly. Therefore, it has a major practical significance to study the steam preservation monitoring system.
On the basis of discussing the application of industrial computer control systems and by analyzing technological process of steam preservation, this thesis presents a monitor and control system on steam preservation of track slab which can replace current manual control mode. According to the temperature control characteristics, such as time-delay and nonlinear, in steam preservation, the fuzzy Parameter Self-tuning PID control is used to improve the temperature control precision.
First, the thesis presents a overall design plan of the monitor and control system on steam preservation, then designs the fuzzy-PID controller to characteristics of the system and simulates this system, then the thesis describes the development of upper computer based on the configuration software MCGS in detail. It can display procedure craft of steam preservation directly, record online parameters, equipment status, the historical parameters of the process, Real-time diagnosis and alarm. The system can implement real-time control of the whole steam preservation.
At last, the thesis presents a design plan of temperature acquisition controller that uses M2005-NU11 as hardware platform andμC/OS-II as software platform. The main function of temperature acquisition controller is to gather data of temperate and control the opening of the valve with fuzzy PID Control. It can not only be used as part of the whole monitoring system to control the conservation process by receiving the control orders and conservation parameters of steam kiln from PC, but also be used as an independent control system, which can inputs parameters of control orders and conservation with keyboard to control the scene directly.
引文
1.贾耀东.蒸汽高性能混凝土引气若干问题的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京:铁道部科学研究所材料系,2005
2.蒋文娟.基于以太网控制器7188E的压缩机远程监控系统[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海:东华大学计算机科学与技术学院,2005
3.王亚民,组态软件设计与开发[M],2003,西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.5
4.林伟,浅谈组态软件发展趋势[J].自动化博览,2003.1.45-47
5.北京昆仑通态科技有限公司.MCGS用户手册[M/CD]. http://www.mcgs.com.cn/download/bookindex.asp
6.李介明.火电厂DCS现状与发展趋势[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),1997.5 201-205
7.广州致远电子.MiniARM系列工控板M2005-NU11用户手册[M/CD]. http://www.zlgmcu.com/home.asp
8.陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2002.9.101-103
9. PetrovM .,GanchevI .,TanevaA ., Fuzzy PID control of nonlinear plants, Proceedings 2002 First International IEEE Symposium Intelligent Systems on Intelligent Systems, 2002, (1),30-35.
10. H.Ying, Constructing nonlinear variable gain controllers via the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems,1998,Vol.6,No.2,226-234.
11. Ning Wang, A fuzzy PID controller for multi-model plants, Proceedings 2002 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 2002, (3),1401-1404.
12. P.B.Deshpande,Improve quality control on-line with PID controllers, chemical Engineering Progress,1991,71-76
13.李兵.模糊PID液位控制系统的研究与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006
14.孙增忻,张再兴,邓志东.智能控制理论与技术[M],清华大学出版社,北京,1997
15. Kazemian,H.B,Development of an intelligent fuzzy controller, The Tenth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems,2 001,( 1):p 517-520
16. Peng Wang,K wok,D.P., Analysis and synthesis of an intelligent control system based on fuzzy logic and the PID principle, Intelligent Systems Engineering,1992 ,Vol.1 ,No.2,157-171
17.米热古丽.艾孜孜.基于MCGS的过程控制系统模糊算法的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].新疆:新疆大学电气工程学院,2006
18.张粤,青霉素发酵罐温度模糊控制[J].计算机测量与控制,2002,10:2,115-117
19.周基鉴,李祖枢,陈民铀.智能控制及其展望[J].信息与控制,1987,16(2): 32-40
20.易继错,侯媛彬.智能控制技术[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社,2003, 139-216
21.邵裕森,戴先中.过程控制工程[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000, 234-255
22.诸静等,模糊控制理论原理与应用[M],北京:机械上业出版社[M],2001, 194-1960
23.王磊,王为民,模糊控制理论及应用[M],北京:国防工业出版社,1997, 19-20.
24.孙增沂.智能控制理论与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004: 52-75
25.潘湘高.智能控制技术在制冷装置中的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].湖南:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,2004
26.苏宏升.真空钎焊炉温温度自动控制系统建模与仿真[J].模式识别与仿真技术,2004,23:12,26-28
27.姚彩虹.真空钎焊炉温控制方案研究[J]工业加热,2006,35:4,45-47
28.张松兰.PID控制器参数整定[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17:29,220-221
29.马国华.监控组态软件及其应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2002,1-10
30.周显明.自动焦度计的研制[D]:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学信息科学与工程学院,2004
31. [美]Jean. J. Labrosse邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II第二版[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.2-85
32. Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝译.μc/os-Ⅱ源代码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统[M].北京:电力出版社,2002.1-3
33.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.ZLG7290 datasheet[EB/OL]. http://www.zlgmcu.com/
2.蒋文娟.基于以太网控制器7188E的压缩机远程监控系统[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海:东华大学计算机科学与技术学院,2005
3.王亚民,组态软件设计与开发[M],2003,西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.5
4.林伟,浅谈组态软件发展趋势[J].自动化博览,2003.1.45-47
5.北京昆仑通态科技有限公司.MCGS用户手册[M/CD]. http://www.mcgs.com.cn/download/bookindex.asp
6.李介明.火电厂DCS现状与发展趋势[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),1997.5 201-205
7.广州致远电子.MiniARM系列工控板M2005-NU11用户手册[M/CD]. http://www.zlgmcu.com/home.asp
8.陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2002.9.101-103
9. PetrovM .,GanchevI .,TanevaA ., Fuzzy PID control of nonlinear plants, Proceedings 2002 First International IEEE Symposium Intelligent Systems on Intelligent Systems, 2002, (1),30-35.
10. H.Ying, Constructing nonlinear variable gain controllers via the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems,1998,Vol.6,No.2,226-234.
11. Ning Wang, A fuzzy PID controller for multi-model plants, Proceedings 2002 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 2002, (3),1401-1404.
12. P.B.Deshpande,Improve quality control on-line with PID controllers, chemical Engineering Progress,1991,71-76
13.李兵.模糊PID液位控制系统的研究与实现[D]:[硕士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006
14.孙增忻,张再兴,邓志东.智能控制理论与技术[M],清华大学出版社,北京,1997
15. Kazemian,H.B,Development of an intelligent fuzzy controller, The Tenth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems,2 001,( 1):p 517-520
16. Peng Wang,K wok,D.P., Analysis and synthesis of an intelligent control system based on fuzzy logic and the PID principle, Intelligent Systems Engineering,1992 ,Vol.1 ,No.2,157-171
17.米热古丽.艾孜孜.基于MCGS的过程控制系统模糊算法的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].新疆:新疆大学电气工程学院,2006
18.张粤,青霉素发酵罐温度模糊控制[J].计算机测量与控制,2002,10:2,115-117
19.周基鉴,李祖枢,陈民铀.智能控制及其展望[J].信息与控制,1987,16(2): 32-40
20.易继错,侯媛彬.智能控制技术[M].北京:北京工业大学出版社,2003, 139-216
21.邵裕森,戴先中.过程控制工程[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2000, 234-255
22.诸静等,模糊控制理论原理与应用[M],北京:机械上业出版社[M],2001, 194-1960
23.王磊,王为民,模糊控制理论及应用[M],北京:国防工业出版社,1997, 19-20.
24.孙增沂.智能控制理论与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004: 52-75
25.潘湘高.智能控制技术在制冷装置中的应用研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].湖南:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,2004
26.苏宏升.真空钎焊炉温温度自动控制系统建模与仿真[J].模式识别与仿真技术,2004,23:12,26-28
27.姚彩虹.真空钎焊炉温控制方案研究[J]工业加热,2006,35:4,45-47
28.张松兰.PID控制器参数整定[J].科技情报开发与经济,2007,17:29,220-221
29.马国华.监控组态软件及其应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2002,1-10
30.周显明.自动焦度计的研制[D]:[硕士学位论文].浙江:浙江大学信息科学与工程学院,2004
31. [美]Jean. J. Labrosse邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-II第二版[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.2-85
32. Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝译.μc/os-Ⅱ源代码公开的实时嵌入式操作系统[M].北京:电力出版社,2002.1-3
33.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.ZLG7290 datasheet[EB/OL]. http://www.zlgmcu.com/