古汉诗英译的跨文化视角研究
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摘要
鉴于语言和文化之间密不可分的关系，翻译已越来越被诸多的翻译理论家和翻译工作者视为是一种跨文化活动。中国古汉诗的英译自然也不例外。本论文重点探讨了中国古汉诗英译的跨文化视角问题。
本论文共包含五个章节。第一章是引言部分，简要地指出翻译的文化本质以及它在翻译实践中，尤其是在中国古汉诗英译中的体现，并概括出古汉诗英译的原则与标准以及本论文探讨此问题的意义所在。第二章阐述了为什么说翻译是一种跨文化活动，在跨文化翻译中会碰到什么样的障碍以及相应的解决办法。第三章作为本论文的核心章节，深入探讨了中国古汉诗的可译性以及它所运用的原则与标准。第四章通过对李白《长干行》一诗英译的实例评析，就中国古汉诗英译作了一个对比分析，进而对翻译工作者提出了一些更高的要求以帮助广大译者进一步提高翻译质量。在新世纪，我们要向西方读者介绍更多更好的中国文学作品以促进中国文学翻译事业的蓬勃发展。第五章是本论文的结论部分，阐述了本论文研究中国古汉诗英译的跨文化视角这一问题的理论意义和实际意义。
Due to the relationshiP between language and culture, translation is frequently
viewed as a cross-cultUre activity by most translation theorists and translators. The
'
' English translation of classical Chinese poeny is of course no exception. This
'
dissertation tries to focus on discussing the cross-cultural perspective in the English
translation of classical Chinese poetry.
This dissertation cOntalns five chaPters altogetheL The first chaPtCf is an
introduction, which briefly presents the cultUral nAn of translation and its reflection
in translation praedces, esPecially in the translation of classical Chinese poeny and
sUmrnedzes the princiPles and criteria and the sighficance of the dissertation. The
second chaPter exPlains why tranSlation is viewed as a cross-cultUre activity and What
ldnd of barriers the edtal tranSlation Inay hav and the4 intrduces the culed
aPproach as a solution. The ch chaPter, being the main part of this dissertation,
discusses in details about the translatability of CCP and the principle and criteria of
CCP tfarislation, that is, "thness, exPressiveness and closeness". At the same
thae, a SPecific be-inone method ''beauty in sound, form and mehangl' is
SUggesed tO be used in CCP wtIation. The fOurth chaPter gives a comPahave
Wis of the Enghsh tranSlation of CCP throwi case stud and Particularly Puts
' fowt some requlrmellts fOr the Chinese bolatOrs in order to help thern tO amer
haProve the tranSlation quality and develop the Chinese literatUr holating career
, by introducing more and more gOod Chinse litewt works tO foreign nd. The
IV
w
fifth chaPter is the conclusion, mainl}' discussing the significance of this dissertation
from two aspects, theoreticaIly and practicaIly.
.
本论文共包含五个章节。第一章是引言部分，简要地指出翻译的文化本质以及它在翻译实践中，尤其是在中国古汉诗英译中的体现，并概括出古汉诗英译的原则与标准以及本论文探讨此问题的意义所在。第二章阐述了为什么说翻译是一种跨文化活动，在跨文化翻译中会碰到什么样的障碍以及相应的解决办法。第三章作为本论文的核心章节，深入探讨了中国古汉诗的可译性以及它所运用的原则与标准。第四章通过对李白《长干行》一诗英译的实例评析，就中国古汉诗英译作了一个对比分析，进而对翻译工作者提出了一些更高的要求以帮助广大译者进一步提高翻译质量。在新世纪，我们要向西方读者介绍更多更好的中国文学作品以促进中国文学翻译事业的蓬勃发展。第五章是本论文的结论部分，阐述了本论文研究中国古汉诗英译的跨文化视角这一问题的理论意义和实际意义。
Due to the relationshiP between language and culture, translation is frequently
viewed as a cross-cultUre activity by most translation theorists and translators. The
'
' English translation of classical Chinese poeny is of course no exception. This
'
dissertation tries to focus on discussing the cross-cultural perspective in the English
translation of classical Chinese poetry.
This dissertation cOntalns five chaPters altogetheL The first chaPtCf is an
introduction, which briefly presents the cultUral nAn of translation and its reflection
in translation praedces, esPecially in the translation of classical Chinese poeny and
sUmrnedzes the princiPles and criteria and the sighficance of the dissertation. The
second chaPter exPlains why tranSlation is viewed as a cross-cultUre activity and What
ldnd of barriers the edtal tranSlation Inay hav and the4 intrduces the culed
aPproach as a solution. The ch chaPter, being the main part of this dissertation,
discusses in details about the translatability of CCP and the principle and criteria of
CCP tfarislation, that is, "thness, exPressiveness and closeness". At the same
thae, a SPecific be-inone method ''beauty in sound, form and mehangl' is
SUggesed tO be used in CCP wtIation. The fOurth chaPter gives a comPahave
Wis of the Enghsh tranSlation of CCP throwi case stud and Particularly Puts
' fowt some requlrmellts fOr the Chinese bolatOrs in order to help thern tO amer
haProve the tranSlation quality and develop the Chinese literatUr holating career
, by introducing more and more gOod Chinse litewt works tO foreign nd. The
IV
w
fifth chaPter is the conclusion, mainl}' discussing the significance of this dissertation
from two aspects, theoreticaIly and practicaIly.
.
引文
Bassnett, Susan & Andre Lefevere. Constructing Cultures. Essays on Literary Translation[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001．
Bonnefoy, Yves. "Translation Poetry". The Act and the Place of Poetry: Selected Essays[C]. Trans. John Alexander and Clive Wilmer. The University of Chicago Press, 1989．
Catford T.C. A Linguistic Theory of Translation [M]. London: Oxford University Press, 1965．
Cuddon, J. A. A Dictionary of Literary Terms[M]. W & J Mackay Limited, Chatham, Great Britain, 1979． 663．
Eliot, T.S., Ezra Pound. Selected Poems[M]. London, 1934．
Gentzler, Edwin. Contemporary Translation Theories[M]. New York: Routledge Inc., 1993．
Graham, A.C.. Poems of the Late T'ang[M]. Richard Clay (The Chaucer Press), Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk, 1965．
Hawkes, David, John Minford. The Story of the Stone[M]. Britain Penguin Publishing Corporation, 1982．
Kenner, Hugh. Ezra Pound: Translation[M]. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1954．
Kennedy, X. Joe. An Introduction to Poetry (5th ed.) [M]. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1982． 236．
Kramsch, Claire. Language and Culture[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000．
Legge, James. The Book of Poetry: Chinese Text with English Translation[M]. New York: Paragon Book Reprint Corporation, 1967．
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation[M]. Prentice Hall International (UK), Ltd., 1988．
Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation[M]. London: Oxford, Pergamo Press, 1980.
Nida, Eugene A.. Language, Culture and Translating[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,1999.
Nida, Eugene A.. Toward a Science of Translation[M]. Leiden: E.J.Brill, 1964.
Pound, Ezra. Literary Essays of Ezra Pound[M]. Faber and Faber Limited, 1954.
Pound, Ezra. Personae[M]. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1926.
Pound, Ezra. The Cantos of Ezra Pound[M]. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1993.
曹雪芹，高鄂．红楼梦[M]．北京：人民文学出版社，1982．
陈定安．英汉比较与翻译[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1998．
陈植锷．诗歌意象论[M]．北京：中国社会科学出版社，1992．
范仲英．实用翻译教程[M]．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994．
郭建中．文化与翻译[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2000．
郭建中．当代美国翻译理论[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，2000．
黄任．英语修辞学概论[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999．
金隄．等效翻译探索[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1998．
林汉达．“翻译的原则”[C]．翻译论集．北京：商务引书馆出版，1984．
刘重德．文学翻译十讲[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1991．
刘宓庆．文化翻译论纲[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，1999．
刘士聪．“论《红楼梦》文化内容的翻译”[J]．中国翻译．97/1．P．18-19．
吕淑湘．英译唐人绝句百首[M]．长沙：湖南教育出版社，1980．
谭天健，周式中．英诗导论与选读[M]．西安：西北大学出版社，1995．
谭载喜．翻译学[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，2000．
谭载喜．奈达论翻译[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1984．
王秉钦．文化翻译学[M]．天津：南开大学出版社，1995．
翁显良．中国古诗英译[M]．北京：北京出版社，1985．
吴钧陶．杜甫一百五十首古诗英译[M]．西安：陕西人民出版社，1985．
萧立明．新译学论稿[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2001．
许渊冲．唐诗一百五十首新译[M]．西安：陕西人民出版社，1984．
许渊冲．“译诗六论”[J]．翻译研究与技巧．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1998．P．2-9．
许渊冲．翻译的艺术[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1984．
杨宪益，戴乃迭．红楼梦(第一版)[M]．北京：北京外文出版社，1978．
杨自俭．英汉语对比研究与翻译[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000．
杨自俭．翻译新论[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，1994．
Bonnefoy, Yves. "Translation Poetry". The Act and the Place of Poetry: Selected Essays[C]. Trans. John Alexander and Clive Wilmer. The University of Chicago Press, 1989．
Catford T.C. A Linguistic Theory of Translation [M]. London: Oxford University Press, 1965．
Cuddon, J. A. A Dictionary of Literary Terms[M]. W & J Mackay Limited, Chatham, Great Britain, 1979． 663．
Eliot, T.S., Ezra Pound. Selected Poems[M]. London, 1934．
Gentzler, Edwin. Contemporary Translation Theories[M]. New York: Routledge Inc., 1993．
Graham, A.C.. Poems of the Late T'ang[M]. Richard Clay (The Chaucer Press), Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk, 1965．
Hawkes, David, John Minford. The Story of the Stone[M]. Britain Penguin Publishing Corporation, 1982．
Kenner, Hugh. Ezra Pound: Translation[M]. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1954．
Kennedy, X. Joe. An Introduction to Poetry (5th ed.) [M]. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1982． 236．
Kramsch, Claire. Language and Culture[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000．
Legge, James. The Book of Poetry: Chinese Text with English Translation[M]. New York: Paragon Book Reprint Corporation, 1967．
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation[M]. Prentice Hall International (UK), Ltd., 1988．
Newmark, Peter. Approaches to Translation[M]. London: Oxford, Pergamo Press, 1980.
Nida, Eugene A.. Language, Culture and Translating[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,1999.
Nida, Eugene A.. Toward a Science of Translation[M]. Leiden: E.J.Brill, 1964.
Pound, Ezra. Literary Essays of Ezra Pound[M]. Faber and Faber Limited, 1954.
Pound, Ezra. Personae[M]. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1926.
Pound, Ezra. The Cantos of Ezra Pound[M]. New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1993.
曹雪芹，高鄂．红楼梦[M]．北京：人民文学出版社，1982．
陈定安．英汉比较与翻译[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1998．
陈植锷．诗歌意象论[M]．北京：中国社会科学出版社，1992．
范仲英．实用翻译教程[M]．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1994．
郭建中．文化与翻译[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2000．
郭建中．当代美国翻译理论[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，2000．
黄任．英语修辞学概论[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999．
金隄．等效翻译探索[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1998．
林汉达．“翻译的原则”[C]．翻译论集．北京：商务引书馆出版，1984．
刘重德．文学翻译十讲[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1991．
刘宓庆．文化翻译论纲[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，1999．
刘士聪．“论《红楼梦》文化内容的翻译”[J]．中国翻译．97/1．P．18-19．
吕淑湘．英译唐人绝句百首[M]．长沙：湖南教育出版社，1980．
谭天健，周式中．英诗导论与选读[M]．西安：西北大学出版社，1995．
谭载喜．翻译学[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，2000．
谭载喜．奈达论翻译[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1984．
王秉钦．文化翻译学[M]．天津：南开大学出版社，1995．
翁显良．中国古诗英译[M]．北京：北京出版社，1985．
吴钧陶．杜甫一百五十首古诗英译[M]．西安：陕西人民出版社，1985．
萧立明．新译学论稿[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，2001．
许渊冲．唐诗一百五十首新译[M]．西安：陕西人民出版社，1984．
许渊冲．“译诗六论”[J]．翻译研究与技巧．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1998．P．2-9．
许渊冲．翻译的艺术[M]．北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1984．
杨宪益，戴乃迭．红楼梦(第一版)[M]．北京：北京外文出版社，1978．
杨自俭．英汉语对比研究与翻译[M]．上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000．
杨自俭．翻译新论[M]．武汉：湖北教育出版社，1994．
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