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基于GIS的县级土地利用总体规划管理信息系统的应用研究
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摘要
随着社会经济的快速发展,非农建设用地随之猛增,土地供需矛盾逐渐突出。我国人口多、耕地少,资源相对不足,且随着人口的不断增长,土地的供需矛盾日益突出。土地的供给成为影响经济发展的主要限制因素之一。因此,土地利用不能任其自由发展,要科学的管理、利用土地。土地利用总体规划就是我们必须采取的有力措施之一。
     土地利用总体规划是政府从全局和长远利益出发,以区域内全部土地为对象、以利用为中心,对土地开发、利用、整治、保护等方面在时间上和空间上做出的统筹安排和长远规划。其目的在于“加强对土地利用的宏观控制和计划管理,合理利用土地资源,促进国民经济协调发展,并为实行用地分区和用地审批相结合的土地管理制度提供依据”。
     长期以来,我国土地利用规划基本上是一种静态规划。然而由于土地利用需求,要受到经济、社会和政策等多种因素的影响,因此要求规划目标和规划方案也要不断地随之调整。同时,随着规划的实施执行,也要对土地的利用现状作出相应的变更。但传统的规划方法不能满足这些要求。而基于GIS技术的土地利用总体规划管理信息系统在数据更新、方案调整、用地量统计、动态决策等方面有着卓越的功能,从而为土地利用管理提供了更科学合理的定量依据。正是基于这种现状,我们研究开发了这套基于GIS的土地规划管理信息系统。
     在土地利用总体规划管理信息系统中,采用在GIS平台的基础上进行二次开发。所选用的GIS平台为Mapinfo6.5,开发语言为DELPHI6.0。利用MapInfo自带的二次开发语言MapBasic6.5实现对MapInfo的调用。选用ORACLE8.1.7作为数据库平台,用于管理相关的空间信息和属性信息,再通过编程实现对数据库的维护、修改和访问。
     系统功能设计包括一般GIS系统应具备的基本功能,如空间数据库和属性数据库的录入、修改;对土地利用现状图、行政分区图等图形信息与属性信息的双向查询(规划信息管理与查询)。系统具备规划项目选址预审功能,同时还可进行专题地图等的自动制作。
     本文对建立一个基于CIS的土地规划管理信息系统所需要考虑几个方面进行了探讨和分析,并设计出相应的软件。该软件可满足一些基本的查询和分析
    
    昆明理工_大学硕日口日乞生论文
    摘要
    要求,并能为管理者提供决策支持。
With the rapid development of social economy, the demand for non-agricultural construction land is increasing, so that the land supply and demand is in ever-growing conflicts. Since China is a country with great population, less arable land, and comparatively insufficient resources, the conflicts between land demand and supply becomes more and more striking with the increased population. The land supply becomes one of the main constraints to economic development. In a result, we should manage and utilize the land scientifically and cannot leave the land utility goes as it used to be. The overall planning of land utility is one of the effective measures we have to employ.
    The overall planning of land utility refers to an integrated and long-term arrangement for land development, utility, renovation and protection in terms of timing and space by government based on the holistic interest in a long run, with the objective of all land within the region mainly focused on the utility. The purpose is "to strengthen the macro-control and planning management for land utility in order to utilize land resources properly and promote national economic development in harmony, as well as provide argument for the land management regulation combined with certain areas and approval of land utility".
    Over the past years, basically the land utility in our country is a static planning. However, the planning objective and scheme have to be adjusted all the time since economic, social and politic factors usually influence the request for land utility. At the same time, current situation for land utility also needs adjusting according to the planning implementation. But the traditional planning method fails to meet the above requests. The management information system of overall planning for land utility based on GIS technology possesses superior functions in terms of updating data, adjusting scheme, land utility statistics and dynamic decision, which provides a more scientific quantitative data for land utility. According to the above situation, we research and develop the management information system of overall planning for land utility based on GIS.
    Based on GIS platform, the management information system of overall planning for land utility is developed for second time. The GIS platform selected is Maplnfo 6.5 with development language of DELPHI 6.0. By use of the second development language MapBasic 6.5 within Maplnfo, Maplnfo can be utilized. ORACLE 8.1.7 is selected as the data platform to manage relevant spatial information and attribute information and maintain, revise and visit database through programming.
    The system function design includes the basic functions of general GIS, such as input and revision to spatial database and attribute database; dual-direction enquiry on current diagram of land utility, administrative region diagram and attribute information (planning information management and enquiry). The system possesses preview function to choose project sites for planning and to make thematic maps automatically.
    The thesis explores and analyses several aspects needed considering to establish a management information system of overall planning for land utility based on GIS, and design relevant software, of which the latter can satisfy the requests of some basic enquiries and analysis, as well as support managers to make decision.
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