基于小波变换的流体振荡原理流量计数字信号处理方法与系统
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摘要
基于流体振荡原理的流量计应用相当广泛，但是，易受管道振动和流体扰动等噪声的影响。用现有的模拟处理方法，不能保证流量计的现场测量精度，流量计的量程比受限。本文采用小波变换的方法处理基于流体振荡原理的流量传感器信号，准确计算其频率。用数字信号处理器和可编程逻辑器件研制流量计数字信号处理系统。该系统硬件包括数字信号处理器芯片、前向输入通道、液晶显示器、模拟量输出部分、键盘输入部分、保护电路部分和逻辑控制部分。该系统的软件主要包括监控程序、中断服务程序、计算程序和显示程序等。整套软件由C语言编写，可读性和可移植性强。该系统能实时处理信号，并保证测量精度。
The flowmeters based on the principle of flow vibration are widely used. However, they are easily subjected to noises caused by pipe vibrations and fluid turbulence. The analogy circuits in flowmeter are unable to ensure the measuring precision of flowmeters in fields, and make the span ratio of flowmeter lower than theoretical value. Therefore the output signal of flow sensor is processed by means of the wavelet transformation to calculate the accuracy frequency in this paper. A digital signal processing system is developed for flowmeters with DSP and CPLD. The hardware in this system includes a digital signal processor, an analogy input channel, a LCD, an analogy output path, a keyboard input part, a guard circuit and a logic control circuit. The software in this system includes a monitor program, a LCD display program, an interrupt service program, a computing program and so on. The whole software is developed by C language, and is easy to be read and migrated. The system processes the signal in real time
, and ensures the measuring precision.
The flowmeters based on the principle of flow vibration are widely used. However, they are easily subjected to noises caused by pipe vibrations and fluid turbulence. The analogy circuits in flowmeter are unable to ensure the measuring precision of flowmeters in fields, and make the span ratio of flowmeter lower than theoretical value. Therefore the output signal of flow sensor is processed by means of the wavelet transformation to calculate the accuracy frequency in this paper. A digital signal processing system is developed for flowmeters with DSP and CPLD. The hardware in this system includes a digital signal processor, an analogy input channel, a LCD, an analogy output path, a keyboard input part, a guard circuit and a logic control circuit. The software in this system includes a monitor program, a LCD display program, an interrupt service program, a computing program and so on. The whole software is developed by C language, and is easy to be read and migrated. The system processes the signal in real time
, and ensures the measuring precision.
引文
[1] T. Ghaoud and D. W. Clarke, Modeling and tracking a vortex flow-meter signal, Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2002, 13, pp. 103-117
[2] J.J. Miau, C.W. Wu, C.C. Hu, J.H. Chou, A study on signal quality of a vortex flowmeter downstream of two elbows out-of-plane, Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2002,13(3):75-85
[3] D. W. Clarke and T. Ghaoud, Validation of vortex flowmeters, Computing and Control Engineering Journal, 2002,October, pp.237-241
[4] T. Kawano et al. An Intelligent Vortex Flowmeter. ISA, 1992,paper #92-0376,1054-0032/92/997-1009
[5] 汪安民．基于数字滤波的涡街流量计信号处理方法的研究[硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学自动化研究所，2000．
[6] SCHLATTER, Gerald, L. Signal Processing Method and Apparatus for flowmeter. WO 90/04230,19 April 1990
[7] D. W. Clarke, Designing phase locked loops for instrumentation applications, Measurement, 2002, 32,pp.205-227
[8] 蒙建波等．自适应频率测量方法(AMF)在涡街流量计中的应用．自动化学报，1992，18(3)：362-366
[9] 顾倩，张崇巍．最大熵谱分析法在流量测量中的应用．全国第六届非电量电测会议论文，1990
[10] 徐科军．涡街流量计输出信号谱分析的比较．合肥工业大学学报，1994，17(2)：6～11．
[11] 徐科军，汪枫．涡街流量计信号处理的软件方法．仪表技术与传感器，1995，(5)：22～25．
[12] 徐科军，吕迅竑，陈荣保等．基于DSP具有谱分析功能的涡街流量计信号处理系统，仪器仪表学报，2001，22(3)：255～260
[13] 吕迅竑．涡街流量计数字信号处理系统的研制[硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学自动化研究所，1999
[14] 黄云志．涡街流量计数字信号处理方法研制与系统的改进[硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学自动化研究所，2001
[15] 应怀樵．波形和频谱分析与随机数据处理．中国铁道出版社，1983．330-332
[16] 崔锦泰．小波分析导论．程正兴译．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1995．1-28．
[17] 秦前清，杨宗凯．实用小波分析．西安电子科技大学出版社．1994．14-28．
[18] 丁宏，戴逸松，石要武．采用小波变换对短数据信号的谱估计．电子学报．1997，25(1)：11-14
[19] 杨福生．小波变换的工程分析与应用．北京：科学出版社，2000
[20] Cormac Herley, Martin Vetterli. Wavelets and Recursive Filter Banks. IEEE Trans on Signal Processing, 1993, 41(8):2536-2556
[21] Mark J.T. Smith, Steven L.Eddins. Analysis/Synthesis Tchniques for Subband Image Coding, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing. 1990,38(8): 1446-1456
[22] Weon-Ki Yoon and Micheal J. Devomey, Power Measurement Using the Wavelet Transform, IEEE Trans. on IM., 1998, 47(5):1205-1210
[23] 邵明，钟彦儒，余建明．基于小波变换的谐波电流的实时检测方法．电力电子技术，2000，(2)：42-45
[24] 杨桦，任震，唐卓尧．基于小波变换检测谐波的新方法．电力系统自动化，1997，21(10)：39-41
[25] 王建赜，冉启文，纪延超．谐波检测中小波变换频域特性分析．电力系统自动化，1998，22(7)：40-43
[26] 王肖芬，徐科军，沈峄．小波滤波器幅频特性的研究，合肥工业大学学报，2003，26(2)：171-175
[27] 李刚．数字信号微处理器的原理及其开发应用．天津大学出版社，2000．8-14．
[28] Altera Inc. MAX7000 Programmable Logic Divice Family Data Sheet.2001.1-30.
[29] Texas Instruments. TMS320VC54X Optimizing C Compiler User's Guide 1999.15-68.
[30] Texas Instruments. TMS320VC5409 Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor Data Sheet.2000.1-24.
[2] J.J. Miau, C.W. Wu, C.C. Hu, J.H. Chou, A study on signal quality of a vortex flowmeter downstream of two elbows out-of-plane, Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2002,13(3):75-85
[3] D. W. Clarke and T. Ghaoud, Validation of vortex flowmeters, Computing and Control Engineering Journal, 2002,October, pp.237-241
[4] T. Kawano et al. An Intelligent Vortex Flowmeter. ISA, 1992,paper #92-0376,1054-0032/92/997-1009
[5] 汪安民．基于数字滤波的涡街流量计信号处理方法的研究[硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学自动化研究所，2000．
[6] SCHLATTER, Gerald, L. Signal Processing Method and Apparatus for flowmeter. WO 90/04230,19 April 1990
[7] D. W. Clarke, Designing phase locked loops for instrumentation applications, Measurement, 2002, 32,pp.205-227
[8] 蒙建波等．自适应频率测量方法(AMF)在涡街流量计中的应用．自动化学报，1992，18(3)：362-366
[9] 顾倩，张崇巍．最大熵谱分析法在流量测量中的应用．全国第六届非电量电测会议论文，1990
[10] 徐科军．涡街流量计输出信号谱分析的比较．合肥工业大学学报，1994，17(2)：6～11．
[11] 徐科军，汪枫．涡街流量计信号处理的软件方法．仪表技术与传感器，1995，(5)：22～25．
[12] 徐科军，吕迅竑，陈荣保等．基于DSP具有谱分析功能的涡街流量计信号处理系统，仪器仪表学报，2001，22(3)：255～260
[13] 吕迅竑．涡街流量计数字信号处理系统的研制[硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学自动化研究所，1999
[14] 黄云志．涡街流量计数字信号处理方法研制与系统的改进[硕士学位论文]．合肥：合肥工业大学自动化研究所，2001
[15] 应怀樵．波形和频谱分析与随机数据处理．中国铁道出版社，1983．330-332
[16] 崔锦泰．小波分析导论．程正兴译．西安：西安交通大学出版社，1995．1-28．
[17] 秦前清，杨宗凯．实用小波分析．西安电子科技大学出版社．1994．14-28．
[18] 丁宏，戴逸松，石要武．采用小波变换对短数据信号的谱估计．电子学报．1997，25(1)：11-14
[19] 杨福生．小波变换的工程分析与应用．北京：科学出版社，2000
[20] Cormac Herley, Martin Vetterli. Wavelets and Recursive Filter Banks. IEEE Trans on Signal Processing, 1993, 41(8):2536-2556
[21] Mark J.T. Smith, Steven L.Eddins. Analysis/Synthesis Tchniques for Subband Image Coding, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing. 1990,38(8): 1446-1456
[22] Weon-Ki Yoon and Micheal J. Devomey, Power Measurement Using the Wavelet Transform, IEEE Trans. on IM., 1998, 47(5):1205-1210
[23] 邵明，钟彦儒，余建明．基于小波变换的谐波电流的实时检测方法．电力电子技术，2000，(2)：42-45
[24] 杨桦，任震，唐卓尧．基于小波变换检测谐波的新方法．电力系统自动化，1997，21(10)：39-41
[25] 王建赜，冉启文，纪延超．谐波检测中小波变换频域特性分析．电力系统自动化，1998，22(7)：40-43
[26] 王肖芬，徐科军，沈峄．小波滤波器幅频特性的研究，合肥工业大学学报，2003，26(2)：171-175
[27] 李刚．数字信号微处理器的原理及其开发应用．天津大学出版社，2000．8-14．
[28] Altera Inc. MAX7000 Programmable Logic Divice Family Data Sheet.2001.1-30.
[29] Texas Instruments. TMS320VC54X Optimizing C Compiler User's Guide 1999.15-68.
[30] Texas Instruments. TMS320VC5409 Fixed-Point Digital Signal Processor Data Sheet.2000.1-24.