基于DEA的大连城市人居环境可持续发展能力评价
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摘要
内容摘要:城市发展是个持续的过程,包括经济持续、社会持续和资源环境持续。可持续发展观是进行人居环境建设和发展的重要基点,如果可持续发展系统内的经济、社会、资源环境的发展能力受到挑战,人居环境进一步提高和改善的幅度将会受到限制。人居环境是否能够可持续发展下去,根本上还取决于当前的可持续能力,为此进行城市人居环境可持续发展能力的评价在当前人居环境进一步朝着和谐和优化方向发展的情况下,显得非常必要。
本文首先探讨了城市人居环境和可持续发展能力的相关理论、评价内容、评价方法和技术路线;在此基础上,从可持续发展系统的经济、社会、资源环境3大子系统出发,以人居环境和可持续发展能力的相关理论为指导,并结合实际发展现状和统计情况,初步建立了大连城市人居环境可持续发展能力评价的指标体系;从可持续发展系统投入产出角度,运用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对近8年的大连城市人居环境可持续发展能力进行相对有效性评价,并对非有效年份进行投影分析,给出了非有效向有效转化和调整的尺度、方向,并在此基础上提出了大连城市人居环境可持续发展系统能力提高的相应措施。本文的主要成果有:
(1)从城市人居环境可持续发展系统的两个组成部分——人居环境可持续发展质量和人居环境可持续发展能力出发,通过阐述这两个部分在整个可持续发展系统内的作用和地位,并结合当前研究的侧重点,提出本文研究人居环境可持续发展能力评价的原因所在,同时作具体分析。
(2)在借鉴已有相关可持续发展能力指标体系的基础上,从投入——产出的角度出发,建立一套适合城市人居环境可持续发展能力评价的指标体系。
(3)将PCA与DEA相结合对大连城市人居环境可持续发展的能力进行评价研究,避免了人为赋以权重的主观性和片面性,提高了评价模型的精确性和准确性。
(4)通过投影分析模型的计算,指出现有人居环境可持续发展能力不足之处,并对其进行改进,使其在科学分析和验证的基础上更加趋于完善和合理,进一步显示了DEA评价模型的实用性和有效性。
Content: The urban development is a sustaining process, including economic, social and resources environment sustainable. The construction and improvement of urban human settlements base on the concept of sustainable development. If the development ability of economic, social and resources environment in the sustainable development system is in the face of challenges, human settlement’s further improvement will be restricted. Whether the human settlement can gain the sustainable development, is basically decided by the current sustainable ability. Studying on assessment of sustainable development ability in urban human settlement becomes essential under the circumstance of human settlement facing further direction of harmony and optimized.
The paper probes into relevant tenets, estimate content, estimate means as well as technical route of the assessment of a sustainable development ability of urban human settlement. Based on it, we construct index system about the sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in Dalian, considered economic, social and resource environment in sustainable development system under the guidance of relevant theories of urban human settlement and sustainable development ability. Based on the theory of investment– production in sustainable development system, assesses the effective of sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in the past 8 years with DEA method, and projection analyzes non-effective years with some adjustments in direction and criterion. According to these, putts forward corresponding measures for sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in Dalian. This paper’s main achievement includes:
(1)At the point of sustainable development system of urban human settlement, which includes quality of human settlement and sustainable development ability of urban human settlement, through elaborating the function and status of two parts in entire sustainable development system and considering the emphasis points in current research, proposes the reason and importance of this paper in assessing sustainable development ability of urban human settlement, and gives the concrete analysis.
(2)Based on drawing on the experience of the relevant index system of sustainable development ability and investment– production, constructs a suitable index system of assessing sustainable development ability of urban human settlement.
(3)Unify PCA and DEA to assess sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in Dalian, thus can avoid the subjectivity of index weighting, and enhance the accuracy of the model.
(4)Through projection analyzing, we point out the deficiency of existed sustainable development ability of human settlement and make some improvements to lead to further reasonable, further validity about the DEA assessing model.
本文首先探讨了城市人居环境和可持续发展能力的相关理论、评价内容、评价方法和技术路线;在此基础上,从可持续发展系统的经济、社会、资源环境3大子系统出发,以人居环境和可持续发展能力的相关理论为指导,并结合实际发展现状和统计情况,初步建立了大连城市人居环境可持续发展能力评价的指标体系;从可持续发展系统投入产出角度,运用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对近8年的大连城市人居环境可持续发展能力进行相对有效性评价,并对非有效年份进行投影分析,给出了非有效向有效转化和调整的尺度、方向,并在此基础上提出了大连城市人居环境可持续发展系统能力提高的相应措施。本文的主要成果有:
(1)从城市人居环境可持续发展系统的两个组成部分——人居环境可持续发展质量和人居环境可持续发展能力出发,通过阐述这两个部分在整个可持续发展系统内的作用和地位,并结合当前研究的侧重点,提出本文研究人居环境可持续发展能力评价的原因所在,同时作具体分析。
(2)在借鉴已有相关可持续发展能力指标体系的基础上,从投入——产出的角度出发,建立一套适合城市人居环境可持续发展能力评价的指标体系。
(3)将PCA与DEA相结合对大连城市人居环境可持续发展的能力进行评价研究,避免了人为赋以权重的主观性和片面性,提高了评价模型的精确性和准确性。
(4)通过投影分析模型的计算,指出现有人居环境可持续发展能力不足之处,并对其进行改进,使其在科学分析和验证的基础上更加趋于完善和合理,进一步显示了DEA评价模型的实用性和有效性。
Content: The urban development is a sustaining process, including economic, social and resources environment sustainable. The construction and improvement of urban human settlements base on the concept of sustainable development. If the development ability of economic, social and resources environment in the sustainable development system is in the face of challenges, human settlement’s further improvement will be restricted. Whether the human settlement can gain the sustainable development, is basically decided by the current sustainable ability. Studying on assessment of sustainable development ability in urban human settlement becomes essential under the circumstance of human settlement facing further direction of harmony and optimized.
The paper probes into relevant tenets, estimate content, estimate means as well as technical route of the assessment of a sustainable development ability of urban human settlement. Based on it, we construct index system about the sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in Dalian, considered economic, social and resource environment in sustainable development system under the guidance of relevant theories of urban human settlement and sustainable development ability. Based on the theory of investment– production in sustainable development system, assesses the effective of sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in the past 8 years with DEA method, and projection analyzes non-effective years with some adjustments in direction and criterion. According to these, putts forward corresponding measures for sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in Dalian. This paper’s main achievement includes:
(1)At the point of sustainable development system of urban human settlement, which includes quality of human settlement and sustainable development ability of urban human settlement, through elaborating the function and status of two parts in entire sustainable development system and considering the emphasis points in current research, proposes the reason and importance of this paper in assessing sustainable development ability of urban human settlement, and gives the concrete analysis.
(2)Based on drawing on the experience of the relevant index system of sustainable development ability and investment– production, constructs a suitable index system of assessing sustainable development ability of urban human settlement.
(3)Unify PCA and DEA to assess sustainable development ability of urban human settlement in Dalian, thus can avoid the subjectivity of index weighting, and enhance the accuracy of the model.
(4)Through projection analyzing, we point out the deficiency of existed sustainable development ability of human settlement and make some improvements to lead to further reasonable, further validity about the DEA assessing model.
引文
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[18]王书明、宋玉玲.从“增长优先”到“发展文化”——联合国发展思想的演进历程[J].世界经济与政治,1999(2):1.
[19]龙莹.我国固定资产投资与国内生产总值关系的协整分析[J].统计与决策,2005(3):71～72.
[20]秦川.江西省固定资产投资与经济增长关系的实证分析[J].金融与经济,2006(5):69～70.
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[24] Malkina P, Irina G Integrated Assessment Models and Response Function Models: Pros and Cons for Sustainable Development Indices Design[J]. Ecological Indicators,2002,2:93～108.
[25]Krajnc D,Glavic P.A Model for Integrated Asessment of Sustainable Development[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2005.43(2):189～508.
[26] Rotmas J, van Asselt M, Vellinga P.An integrated planning tool for sustainable cities[J]. Environmental Impact Assessment Review,2000,20(3):265～276.
[27] Whit ford V, Ennos A R, Handley J F.“City form and natural process”—indicators for theecological performance of urban areas and their application to Merseyside,UK[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2001,57(2):91～103.
[28] Cook E A. Landscape structure indices for assessing urban ecological networks[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning,2002,58(2)269～280.
[29] Rees W, Wackernagel M.Urban ecological footprints: why cities cannot be sustainable and why they are a key to sustainability[J]. Environmental Impact Assessment Review,1996,16(4):223～248.
[30] 李雪 铭、 杨 波等 . 大连西部居 住小区人 居环境质量 评价 [J]. 辽 宁师范大学 学报,2001(3):319～322.
[31]李斌.兰州城市人居环境建设质量评价与优化研究[硕士论文].兰州:西北师范大学.2004.
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