成都市防汛指挥决策支持系统研究
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摘要
防汛指挥信息系统是水资源信息系统的重要组成部分，而决策支持系统又是防汛指挥系统的核心，它在信息、通信和计算机网络等系统的支持下，实现对防洪决策的多方位和全过程支持。它是提高各级防汛部门工作效率、工作质量和工作水平的关键性措施。
本文以系统工程的方法，应用管理科学、系统科学、计算机技术、战略决策理论以及防汛领域的科学技术，建立面向防洪决策的决策支持系统框架，使防汛部门的工作效率、质量、效益和水平有明显提高，包括以下几方面研究内容：
以正在实施建设的成都市防汛指挥系统工程为研究对象，探讨防汛决策的部门机构、决策过程、边界及逻辑结构等内容，并利用系统科学和管理科学的方法划分出成都市决策支持系统的结构层次，最后构建出系统框架及各子系统模块。
深入分析系统内各子系统要实现的功能，结合成都市防汛指挥系统建设的实际，研究出各子系统的开发策略，分析研究其信息流向，最后进行功能设计。
由于成都市防汛指挥决策支持系统是一个信息系统，在系统研究设计中应用到了大量的前沿信息技术。本文着重从支持决策支持系统的网络结构、关系数据库、地理信息系统应用技术及DEM数字高程模型四方面进行研究，力图将这些新技术穿插应用于系统设计中去。
本研究为成都市防汛指挥系统有计划、分阶段、分步骤建设奠定了基础。
其信息技术应用研究成果进一步丰富了成都市防汛指挥系统，使该系统更科学、
更先进、更实用。
Flood Precaution Information System is an important part of Water Resource Information System . With the support of information system, telecommunication system and computer networks, it offers diversified support for strategies against flood. It also serves as a key measure for departments at all levels to improve their work efficiency and quality in fighting against flood.
Based on the methods of system engineering and using management science, system science, computer technology, strategic policy theory and science technology in the field in question, the present paper has built a frame of decision-support system oriented to strategies against flood, which can help to improve remarkably the work of the departments concerned. The paper covers the following aspects:
First, taking as its object of study Chengdu Flood Control Commanding System which is under construction, it approaches the departments, the process of decision-making, the boundary and the logic structure, involved in flood prevention strategies. By using the methods of system science and management science, the paper succeeds in dividing the structure level of the strategy decision-supporting system of Chengdu, and finally, it has formed a system frame and a module for all its sub-systems.
Second, combining with the specific conditions of construction of flood
precaution commanding system of Chengdu, the paper has a deep analysis of the functions to be performed by the sub-system. Besides, it has worked out the development strategies for all the sub-system and analysis their information flow directions. Finally, it approaches functional designs.
Considering the fact that Chengdu flood precaution strategy decision-support system itself is an information system, a great deal of frontier information technology has been employed in system research and design in the paper. It focuses on the study of the following related aspects: Network structure, Relational Database, Applied technology of geographic information system and Digital Enhance Mode, so as to apply these mew techniques to the system design.
The research establish foundation for Chengdu flood precaution strategy decision-support system as a arranging, grading making. That research of information technology using more abundant Chengdu flood precaution strategy decision-support system, make system more scientific, advanced and applied.
本文以系统工程的方法，应用管理科学、系统科学、计算机技术、战略决策理论以及防汛领域的科学技术，建立面向防洪决策的决策支持系统框架，使防汛部门的工作效率、质量、效益和水平有明显提高，包括以下几方面研究内容：
以正在实施建设的成都市防汛指挥系统工程为研究对象，探讨防汛决策的部门机构、决策过程、边界及逻辑结构等内容，并利用系统科学和管理科学的方法划分出成都市决策支持系统的结构层次，最后构建出系统框架及各子系统模块。
深入分析系统内各子系统要实现的功能，结合成都市防汛指挥系统建设的实际，研究出各子系统的开发策略，分析研究其信息流向，最后进行功能设计。
由于成都市防汛指挥决策支持系统是一个信息系统，在系统研究设计中应用到了大量的前沿信息技术。本文着重从支持决策支持系统的网络结构、关系数据库、地理信息系统应用技术及DEM数字高程模型四方面进行研究，力图将这些新技术穿插应用于系统设计中去。
本研究为成都市防汛指挥系统有计划、分阶段、分步骤建设奠定了基础。
其信息技术应用研究成果进一步丰富了成都市防汛指挥系统，使该系统更科学、
更先进、更实用。
Flood Precaution Information System is an important part of Water Resource Information System . With the support of information system, telecommunication system and computer networks, it offers diversified support for strategies against flood. It also serves as a key measure for departments at all levels to improve their work efficiency and quality in fighting against flood.
Based on the methods of system engineering and using management science, system science, computer technology, strategic policy theory and science technology in the field in question, the present paper has built a frame of decision-support system oriented to strategies against flood, which can help to improve remarkably the work of the departments concerned. The paper covers the following aspects:
First, taking as its object of study Chengdu Flood Control Commanding System which is under construction, it approaches the departments, the process of decision-making, the boundary and the logic structure, involved in flood prevention strategies. By using the methods of system science and management science, the paper succeeds in dividing the structure level of the strategy decision-supporting system of Chengdu, and finally, it has formed a system frame and a module for all its sub-systems.
Second, combining with the specific conditions of construction of flood
precaution commanding system of Chengdu, the paper has a deep analysis of the functions to be performed by the sub-system. Besides, it has worked out the development strategies for all the sub-system and analysis their information flow directions. Finally, it approaches functional designs.
Considering the fact that Chengdu flood precaution strategy decision-support system itself is an information system, a great deal of frontier information technology has been employed in system research and design in the paper. It focuses on the study of the following related aspects: Network structure, Relational Database, Applied technology of geographic information system and Digital Enhance Mode, so as to apply these mew techniques to the system design.
The research establish foundation for Chengdu flood precaution strategy decision-support system as a arranging, grading making. That research of information technology using more abundant Chengdu flood precaution strategy decision-support system, make system more scientific, advanced and applied.
引文
[1] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程总体设计大纲》1998
[2] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程流域、省级系统总体设计指导书》(二)1999
[3] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程工(涝)情分中心系统集成设计指导书》2000
[4] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程总体设计实施纲要》(NFCS-CMS-ST-02)2000
[5] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程总体设计文档分类和编制规范》(NFCS-CMS-ST-04)2000
[6] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程常用术语汇编》(NFCS-CMS-ST-05)2001
[7] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程数据流程图编制方法和规则》(NFCS-CMS-ST-06)2001
[8] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程数据字典编制方法和规则》(NFCS-CMS-ST-07)2001
[9] 吴立夫 赵称等 四川省防汛指挥部办公室 《四川省防汛指挥系统工程总体设计书》2000．3
[10] 张旭 谭徐明 汪明忠 成都市防汛指挥部办公室 《岷江成都平原洪水风险分析及岷江金马河堤防管理信息集成报告》1999．12
[11] 郑小明 钟强文等 成都市水利电力勘测设计院 《岷江干流金马河段防洪整治工程可行性研究报告》2000．3
[12] 祝正江 兰自强 易国兴等 成都市水利电力勘测设计院 《沱江干流成都河段防洪整治工程可行性研究报告》2000．6
[13] 高宗辉 丁鹤 黄建熙等 成都市防汛指挥部成都市市政工程设计院 《成都市城市防洪规划报告》2001．3
[14] 丁鹤 王敏 成都市防汛办 《成都市防汛总体预案》2003．3
[15] MapIInfo company 《Maplnfo Professional用户手册》2001
[16] MapIInfo company 《MapInfo Professional参考指南》2001
[17] MapIInfo company 《MapXtreme技术》2001．11
[18] 方正数码MapIInfo事业部 《MapInfo系列产品目录》2003．4
[20] Aber，Robin and Najih 人民邮电出版社 西蒙与舒期特国际出版社 《局域网与广域网的设计与实现》2001
[21] Dodd，AnnbelZ 电子工业出版社 《SQL-SERVER-7关系数据库系统管理与开发》 2001
[22] 葛守西 中国水利水电出版社 《现代洪水预报技术》1998．12
[2] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程流域、省级系统总体设计指导书》(二)1999
[3] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程工(涝)情分中心系统集成设计指导书》2000
[4] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程总体设计实施纲要》(NFCS-CMS-ST-02)2000
[5] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程总体设计文档分类和编制规范》(NFCS-CMS-ST-04)2000
[6] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程常用术语汇编》(NFCS-CMS-ST-05)2001
[7] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程数据流程图编制方法和规则》(NFCS-CMS-ST-06)2001
[8] 国家防汛总指挥部办公室 《国家防汛指挥系统工程数据字典编制方法和规则》(NFCS-CMS-ST-07)2001
[9] 吴立夫 赵称等 四川省防汛指挥部办公室 《四川省防汛指挥系统工程总体设计书》2000．3
[10] 张旭 谭徐明 汪明忠 成都市防汛指挥部办公室 《岷江成都平原洪水风险分析及岷江金马河堤防管理信息集成报告》1999．12
[11] 郑小明 钟强文等 成都市水利电力勘测设计院 《岷江干流金马河段防洪整治工程可行性研究报告》2000．3
[12] 祝正江 兰自强 易国兴等 成都市水利电力勘测设计院 《沱江干流成都河段防洪整治工程可行性研究报告》2000．6
[13] 高宗辉 丁鹤 黄建熙等 成都市防汛指挥部成都市市政工程设计院 《成都市城市防洪规划报告》2001．3
[14] 丁鹤 王敏 成都市防汛办 《成都市防汛总体预案》2003．3
[15] MapIInfo company 《Maplnfo Professional用户手册》2001
[16] MapIInfo company 《MapInfo Professional参考指南》2001
[17] MapIInfo company 《MapXtreme技术》2001．11
[18] 方正数码MapIInfo事业部 《MapInfo系列产品目录》2003．4
[20] Aber，Robin and Najih 人民邮电出版社 西蒙与舒期特国际出版社 《局域网与广域网的设计与实现》2001
[21] Dodd，AnnbelZ 电子工业出版社 《SQL-SERVER-7关系数据库系统管理与开发》 2001
[22] 葛守西 中国水利水电出版社 《现代洪水预报技术》1998．12