嵌入式雷达数据协议转换器的设计
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摘要
空中交通管制自动化系统是民航空管部门实施对空指挥的核心系统。通过处理雷达信息等监视数据,空中交通管制自动化系统为管制员提供空中飞行态势的显示和各种飞行冲突及异常情况的告警,通过处理各种飞行计划和动态电报,为管制员提供飞行计划和飞行动态相关信息以及管理手段,在确保民航空管对空指挥任务的安全实施中发挥着重要的作用?
雷达数据传输接口是空管自动化系统的重要组成部分?从雷达站传输来的雷达信号数据协议一般为HDLC数据格式,通常采用RS-232D接口端到端传输。
为了提高空管系统化系统雷达目标的精度、准确性和雷达目标的连续性,目前绝大部分空管自动化系统都采用了多雷达数据融合技术,因此空管自动化系统都必须引接多个雷达站多通道的雷达数据,有些中大型空管自动化系统甚至接入了几十个通道的雷达信号。如果采用传统的RS-232D接口,空管自动化系统的雷达数据处理机必须安装多块RS-232D串口卡,大大占用了雷达数据处理机的资源,降低了雷达数据处理机数据处理能力;另外使得雷达数据处理机的接线非常复杂,降低了系统的稳定性,而且系统故障恢复时间长。如果采用以太网传输方式将雷达数据传输到雷达数据处理机,可以减少雷达数据处理机的接线,降低RS-232D串口卡对雷达数据处理机的资源占用,大大提高雷达数据处理机处理雷达数据的能力。而通信协议为HDLC的雷达信号无法直接在以太网中传输,必须对雷达数据进行协议转换,即将通信协议为HDLC的雷达数据,转换为以太网通信协议?
本论文结合当前空中交通管制自动化系统对雷达数据传输的发展趋势及实际应用需求,综合分析了HDLC雷达数据和以太网TCP/IP协议的数据结构,提出了利用单片机控制串行通信控制器和网络通信控制器完成HDLC雷达数据至TCP/IP协议的转换的设计方案?该雷达数据协议转换器在雷达数据通信和雷达数据处理方面灵活?稳定?成本低,具有很好的运用前景?
Air traffic control (ATC) automation system is the antiaircraft implementation of the air command's core systems for Air Traffic Management department. Through processing the monitoring data such as radar information, air traffic control automation system will provide flight situation display and a variety of flight situations of conflict and abnormal alarm to controllers; and through the processing of the flight plan and dynamic telegram, air traffic control automation system will provide the flight plan and flight dynamic related information and management tool for controllers. Therefore, it plays an important role in ensuring antiaircraft traffic control department of the air control of the security implementation tasks.
Radar air traffic control data transmission interface is an important part of automation systems. The transmission protocols from the radar to the radar signal data are typical HDLC data format, which used RS-232D interface commonly, end to end transmission.
In order to improve the system accuracy of radar targets, accuracy and continuity of air traffic control automation system. most of the ATC system currently have adopted a multi radar data fusion technology, the ATC automation system must be multi-channel connection of multiple radar radar Data, some of the large-scale air traffic control automation systems and even access to dozens of channels of the radar signal. If using the traditional RS-232D interface, air traffic control automation system must installe multi-block RS-232D serial port card on the radar data processor, which greatly occupying the radar data processing resources, reducing the radar data processing data processing capacity; also making wiring of radar data processor is very complex and reducing the stability of the system, and system recovery need a long time. If using Ethernet transmission, put the radar data to radar data processing, radar data processing can reduce the wiring and reduce the RS-232D serial cards for the radar data processor resource consumption, which greatly improve the data processing of radar data processor ability. The HDLC communication protocol for the radar signal is not directly in the Ethernet transmission protocol ,it must be on the radar data conversion,that put the radar data of the HDLC of communication protocol into the Ethernet communication protocol.
This paper combines current air traffic control automation system, for the development trend of radar data and application needs, analysises comprehensively radar data HDLC and the data structure of Ethernet TCP / IP protocol , proposes Serial communication controller And network communication controllers by using MCU ,completes conversion design of HDLC radar data to TCP / IP protocol. The radar data protocol converter is flexibility , stable and low cost in the communication of radar data and radar data processing, which have good prospects.
雷达数据传输接口是空管自动化系统的重要组成部分?从雷达站传输来的雷达信号数据协议一般为HDLC数据格式,通常采用RS-232D接口端到端传输。
为了提高空管系统化系统雷达目标的精度、准确性和雷达目标的连续性,目前绝大部分空管自动化系统都采用了多雷达数据融合技术,因此空管自动化系统都必须引接多个雷达站多通道的雷达数据,有些中大型空管自动化系统甚至接入了几十个通道的雷达信号。如果采用传统的RS-232D接口,空管自动化系统的雷达数据处理机必须安装多块RS-232D串口卡,大大占用了雷达数据处理机的资源,降低了雷达数据处理机数据处理能力;另外使得雷达数据处理机的接线非常复杂,降低了系统的稳定性,而且系统故障恢复时间长。如果采用以太网传输方式将雷达数据传输到雷达数据处理机,可以减少雷达数据处理机的接线,降低RS-232D串口卡对雷达数据处理机的资源占用,大大提高雷达数据处理机处理雷达数据的能力。而通信协议为HDLC的雷达信号无法直接在以太网中传输,必须对雷达数据进行协议转换,即将通信协议为HDLC的雷达数据,转换为以太网通信协议?
本论文结合当前空中交通管制自动化系统对雷达数据传输的发展趋势及实际应用需求,综合分析了HDLC雷达数据和以太网TCP/IP协议的数据结构,提出了利用单片机控制串行通信控制器和网络通信控制器完成HDLC雷达数据至TCP/IP协议的转换的设计方案?该雷达数据协议转换器在雷达数据通信和雷达数据处理方面灵活?稳定?成本低,具有很好的运用前景?
Air traffic control (ATC) automation system is the antiaircraft implementation of the air command's core systems for Air Traffic Management department. Through processing the monitoring data such as radar information, air traffic control automation system will provide flight situation display and a variety of flight situations of conflict and abnormal alarm to controllers; and through the processing of the flight plan and dynamic telegram, air traffic control automation system will provide the flight plan and flight dynamic related information and management tool for controllers. Therefore, it plays an important role in ensuring antiaircraft traffic control department of the air control of the security implementation tasks.
Radar air traffic control data transmission interface is an important part of automation systems. The transmission protocols from the radar to the radar signal data are typical HDLC data format, which used RS-232D interface commonly, end to end transmission.
In order to improve the system accuracy of radar targets, accuracy and continuity of air traffic control automation system. most of the ATC system currently have adopted a multi radar data fusion technology, the ATC automation system must be multi-channel connection of multiple radar radar Data, some of the large-scale air traffic control automation systems and even access to dozens of channels of the radar signal. If using the traditional RS-232D interface, air traffic control automation system must installe multi-block RS-232D serial port card on the radar data processor, which greatly occupying the radar data processing resources, reducing the radar data processing data processing capacity; also making wiring of radar data processor is very complex and reducing the stability of the system, and system recovery need a long time. If using Ethernet transmission, put the radar data to radar data processing, radar data processing can reduce the wiring and reduce the RS-232D serial cards for the radar data processor resource consumption, which greatly improve the data processing of radar data processor ability. The HDLC communication protocol for the radar signal is not directly in the Ethernet transmission protocol ,it must be on the radar data conversion,that put the radar data of the HDLC of communication protocol into the Ethernet communication protocol.
This paper combines current air traffic control automation system, for the development trend of radar data and application needs, analysises comprehensively radar data HDLC and the data structure of Ethernet TCP / IP protocol , proposes Serial communication controller And network communication controllers by using MCU ,completes conversion design of HDLC radar data to TCP / IP protocol. The radar data protocol converter is flexibility , stable and low cost in the communication of radar data and radar data processing, which have good prospects.
引文
[1]三星公司,P89V51RB2/RC2/RD2器件手册
[2] WIZNet公司,W5100数据手册
[3] AMD公司,Am8530H/Am85C30 Serial Communications Controller Technical Manual
[4] Hitachi公司,HM62256A数据手册
[5] ATMEL公司,AT24C16数据手册
[6]任续渊,基于Z85C30的多协议串行通信设计,单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2003,10:34
[7] W. Richard Stevens著范建华等译,TCP/IP详解卷1:协议,机械工业出版社,2000
[8] Gary R.Wright W. Richard Stevens著陆雪莹等译,TCP/IP详解卷2:实现,机械工业出版社,2000
[9]崔明雷,基于以太网物理层芯片的雷达数据传输系统设计,电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2005
[10]宋科,多路雷达数据网络传输中的嵌入式应用研究,四川大学硕士学位论文,2006
[11]曹书华,基于千兆以太网的雷达数据高速采集与传输技术,南京信息工程大学工学硕士学位论文,2008
[12]邹依依郭灿新黄成军王瑶江秀臣,W5100在DSP远程以太网数据通信系统中的应用工业控制计算机,2008,21(8):20
[13] Adam Dunkels. uIP一A Free Small TCP/IP Stack
[14] Adam Dunkels. Full TCP/IP for 8-Bit Architectures
[15]张琳娜刘武发,传感检测技术及应用,中国计量出版社, 1999
[16]沈德金陈粤初, MCS-51系列单片机接口电路与应用程序实例,北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990
[17]胡汉才,单片机原理及接口技术,清华大学出版社,
[18]何立民, MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计,北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990(1)
[19]孙国政张宇,基于W7100的雷达数据传输接口设计,雷达与对抗,2010,30(4):56
[20]曹书华王建吕卫祥卢燕,基于以太网的雷达数据高速采集与传输技术[J],微计算机信息,2008,1
[21] HDLC,互联网百度百科, http://baike.baidu.com/view/89174.htm
[22] KWEON S K, SHIN K G. Statistics real-time communication on over Ethernet. IEEE Transaction on Parallel and Distributed System, 2003, 14(3): 322-335.
[23] LEE K C, LEE S. Performance evaluation of switched Ethernet for real-time industrial communications. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 2002,24:411-423.
[24]王超,基于混合TCP-UDP的HTTP协议实现方法[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,2:26
[25]鲁士文,计算机网络原理—原理与网络技术,机械工业出版社,1996
[26](美)Jan Axelson著骆丽张岳强欧小龙译,嵌入式Ethernet和Internet通信设计技术,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006
[2] WIZNet公司,W5100数据手册
[3] AMD公司,Am8530H/Am85C30 Serial Communications Controller Technical Manual
[4] Hitachi公司,HM62256A数据手册
[5] ATMEL公司,AT24C16数据手册
[6]任续渊,基于Z85C30的多协议串行通信设计,单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2003,10:34
[7] W. Richard Stevens著范建华等译,TCP/IP详解卷1:协议,机械工业出版社,2000
[8] Gary R.Wright W. Richard Stevens著陆雪莹等译,TCP/IP详解卷2:实现,机械工业出版社,2000
[9]崔明雷,基于以太网物理层芯片的雷达数据传输系统设计,电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2005
[10]宋科,多路雷达数据网络传输中的嵌入式应用研究,四川大学硕士学位论文,2006
[11]曹书华,基于千兆以太网的雷达数据高速采集与传输技术,南京信息工程大学工学硕士学位论文,2008
[12]邹依依郭灿新黄成军王瑶江秀臣,W5100在DSP远程以太网数据通信系统中的应用工业控制计算机,2008,21(8):20
[13] Adam Dunkels. uIP一A Free Small TCP/IP Stack
[14] Adam Dunkels. Full TCP/IP for 8-Bit Architectures
[15]张琳娜刘武发,传感检测技术及应用,中国计量出版社, 1999
[16]沈德金陈粤初, MCS-51系列单片机接口电路与应用程序实例,北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990
[17]胡汉才,单片机原理及接口技术,清华大学出版社,
[18]何立民, MCS-51系列单片机应用系统设计,北京航空航天大学出版社, 1990(1)
[19]孙国政张宇,基于W7100的雷达数据传输接口设计,雷达与对抗,2010,30(4):56
[20]曹书华王建吕卫祥卢燕,基于以太网的雷达数据高速采集与传输技术[J],微计算机信息,2008,1
[21] HDLC,互联网百度百科, http://baike.baidu.com/view/89174.htm
[22] KWEON S K, SHIN K G. Statistics real-time communication on over Ethernet. IEEE Transaction on Parallel and Distributed System, 2003, 14(3): 322-335.
[23] LEE K C, LEE S. Performance evaluation of switched Ethernet for real-time industrial communications. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 2002,24:411-423.
[24]王超,基于混合TCP-UDP的HTTP协议实现方法[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,2:26
[25]鲁士文,计算机网络原理—原理与网络技术,机械工业出版社,1996
[26](美)Jan Axelson著骆丽张岳强欧小龙译,嵌入式Ethernet和Internet通信设计技术,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006