土遗址表面温度变化规律及预报模型
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摘要
揭示土遗址病害的发病机理及环境控制因素是土遗址风化机理研究的主要研究方向之一。自然环境对土遗址的破坏因素包括风、雨、温度、湿度、可溶盐运移等。风蚀对土遗址的破坏,雨蚀对土遗址的破坏以及盐分运移导致遗址的破坏都有了一定的研究成果,但作为土遗址风化作用主要影响因素之一的温度的研究较少；在遗址病害调查中,现代尖端无损分析检测技术等高科技手段的应用较少。本研究得到国家科技支撑计划课题项目“大遗址保护关键技术研究与开发”下子课题“土遗址保护关键技术研究”(N2006BAK30B02)的资助,在国内首次把红外热像仪应用于土遗址保护中,解决了土遗址表面温度测量的难题,得到了第一手土遗址表面温度数据。
通过对交河故城墙体表面温度的监测,得出土遗址表面温度随时间、空间的分布及变化规律：太阳辐射、墙体朝向、风化程度等是影响土遗址墙体表面温度的重要因素；土遗址表面温度与气温存在温差,用气温来说明土遗址温度的变化是不确切的；PS加固对土遗址表面温度变化没有影响；墙体表面一天之内温差可达35℃,年温差可达60℃；土遗址风化壳表面温度与正常墙体表面温度存在温差。
在大量土遗址表面温度的数据支持下,利用回归拟合的方法,建立了夯土建筑遗址表面温度预报模型,通过气温即可计算出土遗址墙体表面温度的日温差,为土遗址的水热研究、盐分运移研究及其它相关研究提供数据支持。
The main research direction of the earthen architecture weathering mechanism is that reveal the site of disease in the pathogenesis and environmental control factor. The destruction factors of the natural environment included wind, rain, temperature, humidity and other soluble salts transport to the earthen sites. Wind erosion, rain erosion and salt transport destruction to the earthen architecture have certain research results, but temperature is one of the main factors of the weathering of earthen architecture, is in low research; and in earthen sites disease survey, a modern acme non-destructive analytical techniques and so on high tech have few section applications. This study obtains subsidization of "the earthen architecture protection key technologies research" (N2006BAK30B02), which is under the sub-topic of the national science and technology support plan topic project "the big ruins protection key technologies research and the development". Moreover in domestic, infrared imaging system is used for Earthen Architecture protection for the first time, solving the problem of temperature measurement and getting first-handle temperature data of the surface of earthen architecture.
Through Jiaohegucheng wall surface temperature monitoring, obtains the law of surface temperature changing with time and space distribution:It's come to a conclusion that solar radiation、orientation of wall and the decency degree and so on are significant factors which have an influence on surface temperature of Earthen Architecture; Because of temperature difference between the earthen architecture surface temperature and air temperature, It's inaccurate to use air temperature to demonstrate the earthen architecture surface temperature; The earthen architecture surface temperature did not affected by PS reinforcement; The maximum daily temperature difference of the wall reaches 35℃, the maximum years temperature difference of the wall reaches 60℃; therefore, there is temperature difference between Site weathering crust of soil surface temperature and the normal wall surface temperature.
The prediction model of the surface temperature for Rammed Earth Construction Site, by which the daily temperature difference can be calculated, is established on the basis of above analysis, which provides data support to the researches on migration of hydrothermal and salt.
通过对交河故城墙体表面温度的监测,得出土遗址表面温度随时间、空间的分布及变化规律：太阳辐射、墙体朝向、风化程度等是影响土遗址墙体表面温度的重要因素；土遗址表面温度与气温存在温差,用气温来说明土遗址温度的变化是不确切的；PS加固对土遗址表面温度变化没有影响；墙体表面一天之内温差可达35℃,年温差可达60℃；土遗址风化壳表面温度与正常墙体表面温度存在温差。
在大量土遗址表面温度的数据支持下,利用回归拟合的方法,建立了夯土建筑遗址表面温度预报模型,通过气温即可计算出土遗址墙体表面温度的日温差,为土遗址的水热研究、盐分运移研究及其它相关研究提供数据支持。
The main research direction of the earthen architecture weathering mechanism is that reveal the site of disease in the pathogenesis and environmental control factor. The destruction factors of the natural environment included wind, rain, temperature, humidity and other soluble salts transport to the earthen sites. Wind erosion, rain erosion and salt transport destruction to the earthen architecture have certain research results, but temperature is one of the main factors of the weathering of earthen architecture, is in low research; and in earthen sites disease survey, a modern acme non-destructive analytical techniques and so on high tech have few section applications. This study obtains subsidization of "the earthen architecture protection key technologies research" (N2006BAK30B02), which is under the sub-topic of the national science and technology support plan topic project "the big ruins protection key technologies research and the development". Moreover in domestic, infrared imaging system is used for Earthen Architecture protection for the first time, solving the problem of temperature measurement and getting first-handle temperature data of the surface of earthen architecture.
Through Jiaohegucheng wall surface temperature monitoring, obtains the law of surface temperature changing with time and space distribution:It's come to a conclusion that solar radiation、orientation of wall and the decency degree and so on are significant factors which have an influence on surface temperature of Earthen Architecture; Because of temperature difference between the earthen architecture surface temperature and air temperature, It's inaccurate to use air temperature to demonstrate the earthen architecture surface temperature; The earthen architecture surface temperature did not affected by PS reinforcement; The maximum daily temperature difference of the wall reaches 35℃, the maximum years temperature difference of the wall reaches 60℃; therefore, there is temperature difference between Site weathering crust of soil surface temperature and the normal wall surface temperature.
The prediction model of the surface temperature for Rammed Earth Construction Site, by which the daily temperature difference can be calculated, is established on the basis of above analysis, which provides data support to the researches on migration of hydrothermal and salt.
引文
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