可膨胀石墨阻燃环氧树脂的制备及其性能研究
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摘要
本文进行了可膨胀石墨(EG)阻燃环氧树脂(EP)的制备及其性能研究。通过对EG添加量、EG粒径大小以及EG／聚磷酸铵(APP)复配体系对聚酰胺固化环氧树脂体系阻燃性能的研究,采用极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧法(Vertical Burning Test)分别对EG阻燃低分子量聚酰胺固化环氧树脂体系、EG/APP复配阻燃体系的阻燃性能进行研究并采用热重分析(TG)研究这几种体系的热稳定性。
通过扫描电镜(SEM)初步研究了EG阻燃环氧树脂的机理。
研究结果表明,EG、EG/APP复配阻燃剂都能有效改善环氧树脂的阻燃性能。其中,含15wt%EG(80目1环氧树脂固化体系的LOI从纯环氧树脂固化体系的20.2提高到27；含15wt%EG(50目1环氧树脂固化体系的LOI达到30.6；添加7.5wt%的APP和7.5wt%的EG(50目)复配阻燃剂的环氧树脂体系的LOI提高到37.2,垂直燃烧达到V-0级。EG(50目)比80目拥有更高的膨胀倍数,受热膨胀后能够形成更加致密、厚实的炭层,因而阻燃效果更好。而APP的加入能够增加膨胀炭层的粘性与致密性,体系氧指数明显提高,热降解速率降低,热稳定性增强。说明EG/APP发挥了协同阻燃作用,形成了致密稳定的膨胀炭层。
In this paper, we research on the preparation and flame-retarding performance of Epoxy modified with expandable graphite. Flammabilities and thermal behaviors of added different usage of EG, added different size of the EG and added EG-APP of the cured resins were investigated by Limit Oxygen Index (LOI), Vertical Burning Test, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
The flame-retardant mechanism of EG for epoxy resins was investigated by Scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Results show that added EG of the cured resins, added EG-APP of the cured resins could improve of epoxy resins to a great extent respectively. When the add-on of EG(80mwsh) reaches 15wt%, the LOI of the cured resins increases from 20.2 to 29.4. When the add-on of EG(50mesh) reaches 15wt%, the LOI of the cured resins increases to 30.6. When the add-on of 7.5wt% EG(50mesh)-7.5wt%APP reaches 15wt%, the LOI of the cured resins increases to 37.2 and UL-94 reaches V-0 grade. EG(50mesh) have higher expansion ratio than EG(80mesh), when they are heated, EG(50mesh) can produce more compact and thick coal bed, so the retardant effectiveness will be better. In addition, with the addition of APP, the viscosity and compactness of the coal bed will be increased. The LOI value increases obviously, thermal decomposition rate is lowered and the thermo stability is enhanced, which suggests that EG/APP has synergistic flame-retarding function of compact, stable expandable charcoal layer.
通过扫描电镜(SEM)初步研究了EG阻燃环氧树脂的机理。
研究结果表明,EG、EG/APP复配阻燃剂都能有效改善环氧树脂的阻燃性能。其中,含15wt%EG(80目1环氧树脂固化体系的LOI从纯环氧树脂固化体系的20.2提高到27；含15wt%EG(50目1环氧树脂固化体系的LOI达到30.6；添加7.5wt%的APP和7.5wt%的EG(50目)复配阻燃剂的环氧树脂体系的LOI提高到37.2,垂直燃烧达到V-0级。EG(50目)比80目拥有更高的膨胀倍数,受热膨胀后能够形成更加致密、厚实的炭层,因而阻燃效果更好。而APP的加入能够增加膨胀炭层的粘性与致密性,体系氧指数明显提高,热降解速率降低,热稳定性增强。说明EG/APP发挥了协同阻燃作用,形成了致密稳定的膨胀炭层。
In this paper, we research on the preparation and flame-retarding performance of Epoxy modified with expandable graphite. Flammabilities and thermal behaviors of added different usage of EG, added different size of the EG and added EG-APP of the cured resins were investigated by Limit Oxygen Index (LOI), Vertical Burning Test, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
The flame-retardant mechanism of EG for epoxy resins was investigated by Scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Results show that added EG of the cured resins, added EG-APP of the cured resins could improve of epoxy resins to a great extent respectively. When the add-on of EG(80mwsh) reaches 15wt%, the LOI of the cured resins increases from 20.2 to 29.4. When the add-on of EG(50mesh) reaches 15wt%, the LOI of the cured resins increases to 30.6. When the add-on of 7.5wt% EG(50mesh)-7.5wt%APP reaches 15wt%, the LOI of the cured resins increases to 37.2 and UL-94 reaches V-0 grade. EG(50mesh) have higher expansion ratio than EG(80mesh), when they are heated, EG(50mesh) can produce more compact and thick coal bed, so the retardant effectiveness will be better. In addition, with the addition of APP, the viscosity and compactness of the coal bed will be increased. The LOI value increases obviously, thermal decomposition rate is lowered and the thermo stability is enhanced, which suggests that EG/APP has synergistic flame-retarding function of compact, stable expandable charcoal layer.
引文
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