3GPP LTE上行链路基站合作系统研究
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摘要
本文研究了3GPP LTE系统上行链路基站间合作的机制及信号处理的方法。包括合作策略,多用户检测,最优功率分配,最大化吞吐率等技术,并进行了性能的比较。
在蜂窝系统中,由于高的频率复用,每个基站不仅接收到本小区用户的信号,同时也会接收到相邻小区同信道用户的干扰。本文提出了接收端采用串行干扰消除接收机的基站间合作机制。它通过基站间的合作,将不同用户的信号在同一个基站处理,实现一种虚拟的分布式天线系统,增加了分集增益,从而达到提高小区边缘用户性能的目的。这种机制比分布式天线系统的一个好处是无需中央处理节点。
针对上述方法要求回程通信量大的缺点,本文提出了基于低回程通信的分布式串行干扰消除方法以及功率分配算法。它能够实现用户轮流对资源的联合调度,以便在不同的合作基站对接收到的信号进行顺序的处理。因为检测到的可靠的量化信息会从一个基站传递到另一个基站,因此系统能够更好的检测和处理接收到的数据流。因为传递的是可靠的量化信息,因此减小了基站间合作所需要的回程通信量,并且总是比合作中一些基站联合检测的回程通信量要小。这种方法能够与联合检测同时使用来最小化回程通信量,并能够在任何环境及用户位置达到优越的性能。
应用在合作系统的功率分配算法能够在无论用户位置及信道质量的条件下保证可靠的用户性能。本文提出的功率分配算法能够实现在目标信干噪比确定的条件下最小化发射功率和在总发射功率一定的条件下最大化合作系统的吞吐率和最小化合作系统总的误码率。
In this paper, the cooperative mechanism and signal processing method in uplink of 3GPP LTE system is studied. They include the technology such as cooperative strategy, multi-user detection, optimal power allocation, maximizing throughput. Also, their performance is compared in this paper.
In cellular systems with tight frequency reuse, one base station receives signals not only from users in local cell but also users with co-channel interference in nearby cell. I suggest a base station cooperative mechanism with successive interference cancellation receiver in this paper. It achieves a virtual distributive antennas system with BS-BS cooperation, so that it improves the performance of user on cell edge. An advantage is that this system do not need centre processing node compared to distributive antennas system.
However, high backhaul traffic is required in above system. So, I suggest a successive interference cancellation method and a power allocation algorithm with low backhaul traffic. It in turn requires joint scheduling of the users onto resources so as to permit sequential processing of the passed on from one base station to another. Since detected quantized reliability information is transferred system enable better detection of the received data streams and required lower backhaul traffic. The total backhaul traffic is always less than joint detection for a few base stations in cooperation. The proposed strategies are to be used together with joint detection in a cellular network to minimize total backhaul traffic and achieve excellent performance regardless scenario and location of users.
The power allocation algorithm applied to the cooperative system can achieve minimizing transmitted power with a set of target SINRs, maximizing throughput, and minimizing bit error rate with a constant transmitted power according to practical needs.
在蜂窝系统中,由于高的频率复用,每个基站不仅接收到本小区用户的信号,同时也会接收到相邻小区同信道用户的干扰。本文提出了接收端采用串行干扰消除接收机的基站间合作机制。它通过基站间的合作,将不同用户的信号在同一个基站处理,实现一种虚拟的分布式天线系统,增加了分集增益,从而达到提高小区边缘用户性能的目的。这种机制比分布式天线系统的一个好处是无需中央处理节点。
针对上述方法要求回程通信量大的缺点,本文提出了基于低回程通信的分布式串行干扰消除方法以及功率分配算法。它能够实现用户轮流对资源的联合调度,以便在不同的合作基站对接收到的信号进行顺序的处理。因为检测到的可靠的量化信息会从一个基站传递到另一个基站,因此系统能够更好的检测和处理接收到的数据流。因为传递的是可靠的量化信息,因此减小了基站间合作所需要的回程通信量,并且总是比合作中一些基站联合检测的回程通信量要小。这种方法能够与联合检测同时使用来最小化回程通信量,并能够在任何环境及用户位置达到优越的性能。
应用在合作系统的功率分配算法能够在无论用户位置及信道质量的条件下保证可靠的用户性能。本文提出的功率分配算法能够实现在目标信干噪比确定的条件下最小化发射功率和在总发射功率一定的条件下最大化合作系统的吞吐率和最小化合作系统总的误码率。
In this paper, the cooperative mechanism and signal processing method in uplink of 3GPP LTE system is studied. They include the technology such as cooperative strategy, multi-user detection, optimal power allocation, maximizing throughput. Also, their performance is compared in this paper.
In cellular systems with tight frequency reuse, one base station receives signals not only from users in local cell but also users with co-channel interference in nearby cell. I suggest a base station cooperative mechanism with successive interference cancellation receiver in this paper. It achieves a virtual distributive antennas system with BS-BS cooperation, so that it improves the performance of user on cell edge. An advantage is that this system do not need centre processing node compared to distributive antennas system.
However, high backhaul traffic is required in above system. So, I suggest a successive interference cancellation method and a power allocation algorithm with low backhaul traffic. It in turn requires joint scheduling of the users onto resources so as to permit sequential processing of the passed on from one base station to another. Since detected quantized reliability information is transferred system enable better detection of the received data streams and required lower backhaul traffic. The total backhaul traffic is always less than joint detection for a few base stations in cooperation. The proposed strategies are to be used together with joint detection in a cellular network to minimize total backhaul traffic and achieve excellent performance regardless scenario and location of users.
The power allocation algorithm applied to the cooperative system can achieve minimizing transmitted power with a set of target SINRs, maximizing throughput, and minimizing bit error rate with a constant transmitted power according to practical needs.
引文
[1]汪裕民,OFDM关键技术与应用[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2006,10,33～37
[2]沈嘉,索士强等,3GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2008,11,46～48
[3]张克平,LTE-B3G/4G移动通信系统无线技术[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2008,6,27-35
[4]胡宏林,徐景,3GPPLTE无线链路关键技术[M]北京：电子工业出版社,2008,5,16～25
[5]周兴围,赵绍刚,李岳梦等,UMTS LTE/SAE系统与关键技术详解[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2009,7,24～26
[6]Wenzhuo Guo, Shu Zhang, Performance analysis of the uplink receive diversity in Distributed Antenna Systems[J], IEEE ICCS,2008
[7]Jiang Wenlin, Zhang Zhongzhao, Interference mitigated Receiver based on Base Station Cooperation[J], IEEE computer society,2009,256-259
[8]David Bladsjo, Anders Furuska, Interference cancellation using antenna diversity for EDGE-enhanced data rates in GSM and TDMA-136[J], IEEE VTC,1999, 1956-1960
[9]L. Falconetti, C. Hoymann, and R. Gupta, Distributed Uplink Macro Diversity for
Cooperating Base Stations[J], in Proceedings of the International Workshop on LTE Evolution,2009,6
[10]L. Falconetti, C. Hoymann, and R. Gupta, Distributed Uplink Signal Processing of Cooperation Base Stations based on IQ Sample Exchange[J], in Proceedings of the International Workshop on LTE Evolution,2009,6
[11]Jeffrey G. Andrews, Interference Cancellation for Cellular Systems:a Contemporary Overview[J], IEEE Wireless Communications,2005,4,19-29
[12]Yaokun Chen, Huangchang Lee, Jingyun You, Less Complexity Successive Interference Cancellation for OFDM System[J], IEEE PIMRC,2007
[13]Zhendong Luo, Siyang Liu, Ming Zhao, A Novel Fast Recursive MMSE-SIC Detection Algorithm for V-BLAST Systems[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS,2007,6,6(6)
[14]Jiming Chen, Shan Jin, Yonggang Wang, Reduced Complexity MMSE-SIC Detector in V-BLAST Systems[J], IEEE PIMRC,2007
[15]Shahid Khattak, Gerhard Fettweis, Low Backhaul Distributed Detection Strategies for an Interference Limited Uplink Cellular System[J], IEEE,2008
[16]Jens Zander, Performance of Optimum Transmitter Power Control in Cellular Radio Systems[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, 1992,2,41(1),57-62
[17]Martin Schubert, Holger Boche, Solution of the multiuser downlink beamforming problem with individual SINR constraints[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY,2004,1,53(1),18-28
[18]Martin Schubert, Holger Boche, Iterative Multiuser Uplink and Downlink Beamforming Under SINR Constraints[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING,2005,7,53(7)
[19]Narayan Prasad, Shuangquan Wang, Efficient Receiver Algorithms for DFT-Spread OFDM System[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS,2009,6,8(6),3216-3225
[20]Oghenekome Oteri, Multicell Optimization for Diversity and Interference Mitigation[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING,2008,5, 56(5),2050-2061
[21]Tetsuki Taniguchi, Impact of Base Station Cooperation in Multi-Antenna Cellular System[J], Proceedings of the 2nd Europian Wireless Technology Conference, 2009,9,25-28
[22]Sivarama Venkatesan, Coordinationg Base Stations for Greater Uplink Spectral Efficiency in a cellular Network[J], IEEE PIMRC,2007
[23]Philippe Leroux, Synergetic Cooperation in a Distributed Base Station System[J], IEEE VCT,2008
[24]Won-Joon Choi, Iterative Soft Interference Cancellation for Multiple Antenna Systems[J], IEEE PIMRC,2008, pp.204-309
[25]Donghua Chen, Doubly Iterative Soft Interference Cancellation for MIMO-OFDM Systems[J], IEEE PIMRC,2006, pp.645-649
[26]Peter Adam and Sabah Badri, Single-Antenna Co-Channel Interference Cancellation for TDMA Cwllular Radio Systems[J], IEEE Wireless Communications,2005,4, pp.30-37
[27]3GPP, TS36.101, V9.3.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception,2010,3
[28]3GPP, TS36.201, V8.3.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); LTE Physical Layer General Description,2009,3
[29]3GPP, TS36.211, V9.1.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation,2010,3
[30]3GPP, TS36.212, V9.1.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding,2010,3
[31]3GPP, TS36.306, V9.0.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio access capabilities,2009,12
[32]周恩,下一代宽带无线通信OFDM与MIMO技术[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2008,5,278～281
[33]艾渤,唐世刚译,MIMO通信系统编码[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2008,9,16～18
[2]沈嘉,索士强等,3GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2008,11,46～48
[3]张克平,LTE-B3G/4G移动通信系统无线技术[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2008,6,27-35
[4]胡宏林,徐景,3GPPLTE无线链路关键技术[M]北京：电子工业出版社,2008,5,16～25
[5]周兴围,赵绍刚,李岳梦等,UMTS LTE/SAE系统与关键技术详解[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2009,7,24～26
[6]Wenzhuo Guo, Shu Zhang, Performance analysis of the uplink receive diversity in Distributed Antenna Systems[J], IEEE ICCS,2008
[7]Jiang Wenlin, Zhang Zhongzhao, Interference mitigated Receiver based on Base Station Cooperation[J], IEEE computer society,2009,256-259
[8]David Bladsjo, Anders Furuska, Interference cancellation using antenna diversity for EDGE-enhanced data rates in GSM and TDMA-136[J], IEEE VTC,1999, 1956-1960
[9]L. Falconetti, C. Hoymann, and R. Gupta, Distributed Uplink Macro Diversity for
Cooperating Base Stations[J], in Proceedings of the International Workshop on LTE Evolution,2009,6
[10]L. Falconetti, C. Hoymann, and R. Gupta, Distributed Uplink Signal Processing of Cooperation Base Stations based on IQ Sample Exchange[J], in Proceedings of the International Workshop on LTE Evolution,2009,6
[11]Jeffrey G. Andrews, Interference Cancellation for Cellular Systems:a Contemporary Overview[J], IEEE Wireless Communications,2005,4,19-29
[12]Yaokun Chen, Huangchang Lee, Jingyun You, Less Complexity Successive Interference Cancellation for OFDM System[J], IEEE PIMRC,2007
[13]Zhendong Luo, Siyang Liu, Ming Zhao, A Novel Fast Recursive MMSE-SIC Detection Algorithm for V-BLAST Systems[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS,2007,6,6(6)
[14]Jiming Chen, Shan Jin, Yonggang Wang, Reduced Complexity MMSE-SIC Detector in V-BLAST Systems[J], IEEE PIMRC,2007
[15]Shahid Khattak, Gerhard Fettweis, Low Backhaul Distributed Detection Strategies for an Interference Limited Uplink Cellular System[J], IEEE,2008
[16]Jens Zander, Performance of Optimum Transmitter Power Control in Cellular Radio Systems[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, 1992,2,41(1),57-62
[17]Martin Schubert, Holger Boche, Solution of the multiuser downlink beamforming problem with individual SINR constraints[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY,2004,1,53(1),18-28
[18]Martin Schubert, Holger Boche, Iterative Multiuser Uplink and Downlink Beamforming Under SINR Constraints[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING,2005,7,53(7)
[19]Narayan Prasad, Shuangquan Wang, Efficient Receiver Algorithms for DFT-Spread OFDM System[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS,2009,6,8(6),3216-3225
[20]Oghenekome Oteri, Multicell Optimization for Diversity and Interference Mitigation[J], IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING,2008,5, 56(5),2050-2061
[21]Tetsuki Taniguchi, Impact of Base Station Cooperation in Multi-Antenna Cellular System[J], Proceedings of the 2nd Europian Wireless Technology Conference, 2009,9,25-28
[22]Sivarama Venkatesan, Coordinationg Base Stations for Greater Uplink Spectral Efficiency in a cellular Network[J], IEEE PIMRC,2007
[23]Philippe Leroux, Synergetic Cooperation in a Distributed Base Station System[J], IEEE VCT,2008
[24]Won-Joon Choi, Iterative Soft Interference Cancellation for Multiple Antenna Systems[J], IEEE PIMRC,2008, pp.204-309
[25]Donghua Chen, Doubly Iterative Soft Interference Cancellation for MIMO-OFDM Systems[J], IEEE PIMRC,2006, pp.645-649
[26]Peter Adam and Sabah Badri, Single-Antenna Co-Channel Interference Cancellation for TDMA Cwllular Radio Systems[J], IEEE Wireless Communications,2005,4, pp.30-37
[27]3GPP, TS36.101, V9.3.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception,2010,3
[28]3GPP, TS36.201, V8.3.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); LTE Physical Layer General Description,2009,3
[29]3GPP, TS36.211, V9.1.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); Physical Channels and Modulation,2010,3
[30]3GPP, TS36.212, V9.1.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding,2010,3
[31]3GPP, TS36.306, V9.0.0, Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio access capabilities,2009,12
[32]周恩,下一代宽带无线通信OFDM与MIMO技术[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2008,5,278～281
[33]艾渤,唐世刚译,MIMO通信系统编码[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2008,9,16～18