LD端面泵浦激光三能级热效应研究
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摘要
激光二极管(Laser-Diode,LD)泵浦的全固态激光器具有效率高、稳定性好、体积小和寿命长等优点,在光电技术产业、通信、军事和保健卫生等领域有着重要的应用。激光材料是全固态激光器的构成元件中(DPSSL)中最关键的部分,在很大程度上它决定了激光器的输出特性。随着大功率半导体激光器技术的不断完善和发展,高功率激光器已经成为国内外学者的研究热点,这些研究主要集中在如何有效地提高激光输出功率和改善激光光束质量方面,科研工作者为此进行了大量的卓有成效的努力,而所做的努力几乎都直接或间接地为了解决有害热问题,即热效应。本文对于LD泵浦激光晶体三能级热效应进行了数值模拟和实验测量,在精确求解晶体内温度及温度场分布的基础上求出晶体内部的热焦距,实验结果与理论计算结果基本吻合。其主要内容可概括如下:
1、对全固态激光器的发展概况和蓝光激光器进行了回顾,介绍了全固态激光器的发展历程及趋势,阐述了全固态激光器的优势并列举了全固态激光器的应用领域,介绍了在科学技术领域中常见的激光晶体及它们各自的特性,对应用比较广泛的蓝光激光器做了说明。
2、基于在实验中发现LD泵浦Nd:YAG后倍频LBO产生蓝光的过程中热效应比较严重,但是以往的物理模型在计算热效应时没有考虑到三能级和四能级的差别,导致在运用已有的模型进行数值模拟时与实际情况差别较大,不能真实地反应晶体内部的温度场分布,我们重新建立模型,修改了热转换系数,用matlab对泊松方程进行数值求解,得到了更准确的晶体内部温度场的分布,晶体内部温度的数值与修改模型前计算结果相比有较大提高,在此基础上求出了热焦距的数值,利用实验对热焦距的数值进行了测量,实验结果与理论计算基本吻合。
3、对LD脉冲泵浦晶体准三能级的热效应进行了研究,利用matlab对泊松方程数值求解,得到了晶体内部温度的时变规律,结果表明脉冲泵浦与连续泵浦相比晶体内部的温度有较大下降,可以有效减缓热效应的影响。运用matlab分析比较了脉冲间隔时间、泵浦半径和晶体半径对温度时变规律的影响,数值模拟结果表明在脉冲间隔时间与热弛豫时间相比太小的情况下脉冲间隔时间的变化几乎不对晶体内部的温度分布产生影响,改变脉冲间隔时间,晶体内部的温度保持不变,当脉冲间隔时间和热弛豫时间可以比拟时,增大脉冲间隔时间可以有效降低晶体内部的温度;结果亦说明泵浦半径会影响晶体内部的热效应,减小泵浦半径会使热效应增强;晶体半径的大小也会影响晶体内部的温度分布,晶体半径越小,温度越高,热效应越明显。
Diode-pumped all-solid-state lasers (DPSSL) has a lot of advantages, such as high optical-optical conversion efficiency and high stability, small volume and long life. It is widely used in national defence, photoelectron industry,communication, medical treatment and sanitation.Laser crystal is the core of diode-pumped all-solid-state lasers, which decide the output powers from continuous-wave end-pumped solid-state lasers. With the development of high power diode lasers, high power DPSSL has become one of the main objectives of current research and development activities within the laser community.Research of DPSSL has mainly concentrated on scaling of output power,while remaining of a high spatial beam quality. For this researchers have done a lot of fruitful efforts, and almost all of the efforts to address, directly or indirectly harmful to thermal problems, namely thermal effect. The thermal effects of the three-level laser crystals pumped by LD is numerically simulated and experimentally measured. The thermal focal length is obtained on the basis of solving the crystal temperature and temperature distribution inside the crystal. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical results. The main content can be summarized as follows:
1. First of all, overview of the development of solid-state lasers and blue lasers were reviewed. The development process of solid-state lasers and Trends were described. The advantages of solid-state lasers were explained and solid-state lasers applications were listed. Common laser crystals in science and technology and their respective characteristics were described. The blue laser used widely are also illustrated.
2. There is serious thermal effects in experimental process of blue laser generated by LD pumping Nd:YAG SHG LBO. But the previous physical model does not take into account the difference of three-level and four-level during the calculation of heat effects, which result in the great difference between numerical simulation of the existing model and the actual conditions. We re-established modeland modified the heat transfer. We also numerically soluted the Poisson equation with matlab to get a more accurate temperature distribution inside the crystal, the internal temperature of crystal has improved greatly compared tohe numerical results before modifying the model. The therotical thermal focal length is obtained on this basis. The thermal focal length is also measured by experiment. Experimental results are consistent with the theoretical calculation.
3. Thermal effect of quasi-three level by pulsed LD pumping crystal were studied. The Poisson Equation were numerically solved with matlab. The internal temperature distribution of the crystals was obtained when time changes. The results show that internal temperature reduces with the pulsed pump compared to continuous pumping and relieve thermal effects. The impact of the pulse interval, the pump radius and the crystal radius towards temperature change law was analysed and compared with matlab. Numerical results show that changes in pulse interval time does not have an impact on the temperature distribution inside the crystal when the pulse interval is too small compared with the thermal relaxation time. The temperature inside the crystal remains the same when the pulse interval time changes. When the pulse intervals can be compared to the thermal relaxation time, increasing the pulse interval can reduce the temperature inside the crystal. Results also show that the pump radius will affect the thermal effect inside the crystal, reducing the pumpping radius can increase the thermal effect. Crystal radius size also affects the temperature distribution inside the crystal, the smaller of thecrystal radius, the higher of the temperature, the more obvious of thermal effects.
1、对全固态激光器的发展概况和蓝光激光器进行了回顾,介绍了全固态激光器的发展历程及趋势,阐述了全固态激光器的优势并列举了全固态激光器的应用领域,介绍了在科学技术领域中常见的激光晶体及它们各自的特性,对应用比较广泛的蓝光激光器做了说明。
2、基于在实验中发现LD泵浦Nd:YAG后倍频LBO产生蓝光的过程中热效应比较严重,但是以往的物理模型在计算热效应时没有考虑到三能级和四能级的差别,导致在运用已有的模型进行数值模拟时与实际情况差别较大,不能真实地反应晶体内部的温度场分布,我们重新建立模型,修改了热转换系数,用matlab对泊松方程进行数值求解,得到了更准确的晶体内部温度场的分布,晶体内部温度的数值与修改模型前计算结果相比有较大提高,在此基础上求出了热焦距的数值,利用实验对热焦距的数值进行了测量,实验结果与理论计算基本吻合。
3、对LD脉冲泵浦晶体准三能级的热效应进行了研究,利用matlab对泊松方程数值求解,得到了晶体内部温度的时变规律,结果表明脉冲泵浦与连续泵浦相比晶体内部的温度有较大下降,可以有效减缓热效应的影响。运用matlab分析比较了脉冲间隔时间、泵浦半径和晶体半径对温度时变规律的影响,数值模拟结果表明在脉冲间隔时间与热弛豫时间相比太小的情况下脉冲间隔时间的变化几乎不对晶体内部的温度分布产生影响,改变脉冲间隔时间,晶体内部的温度保持不变,当脉冲间隔时间和热弛豫时间可以比拟时,增大脉冲间隔时间可以有效降低晶体内部的温度;结果亦说明泵浦半径会影响晶体内部的热效应,减小泵浦半径会使热效应增强;晶体半径的大小也会影响晶体内部的温度分布,晶体半径越小,温度越高,热效应越明显。
Diode-pumped all-solid-state lasers (DPSSL) has a lot of advantages, such as high optical-optical conversion efficiency and high stability, small volume and long life. It is widely used in national defence, photoelectron industry,communication, medical treatment and sanitation.Laser crystal is the core of diode-pumped all-solid-state lasers, which decide the output powers from continuous-wave end-pumped solid-state lasers. With the development of high power diode lasers, high power DPSSL has become one of the main objectives of current research and development activities within the laser community.Research of DPSSL has mainly concentrated on scaling of output power,while remaining of a high spatial beam quality. For this researchers have done a lot of fruitful efforts, and almost all of the efforts to address, directly or indirectly harmful to thermal problems, namely thermal effect. The thermal effects of the three-level laser crystals pumped by LD is numerically simulated and experimentally measured. The thermal focal length is obtained on the basis of solving the crystal temperature and temperature distribution inside the crystal. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical results. The main content can be summarized as follows:
1. First of all, overview of the development of solid-state lasers and blue lasers were reviewed. The development process of solid-state lasers and Trends were described. The advantages of solid-state lasers were explained and solid-state lasers applications were listed. Common laser crystals in science and technology and their respective characteristics were described. The blue laser used widely are also illustrated.
2. There is serious thermal effects in experimental process of blue laser generated by LD pumping Nd:YAG SHG LBO. But the previous physical model does not take into account the difference of three-level and four-level during the calculation of heat effects, which result in the great difference between numerical simulation of the existing model and the actual conditions. We re-established modeland modified the heat transfer. We also numerically soluted the Poisson equation with matlab to get a more accurate temperature distribution inside the crystal, the internal temperature of crystal has improved greatly compared tohe numerical results before modifying the model. The therotical thermal focal length is obtained on this basis. The thermal focal length is also measured by experiment. Experimental results are consistent with the theoretical calculation.
3. Thermal effect of quasi-three level by pulsed LD pumping crystal were studied. The Poisson Equation were numerically solved with matlab. The internal temperature distribution of the crystals was obtained when time changes. The results show that internal temperature reduces with the pulsed pump compared to continuous pumping and relieve thermal effects. The impact of the pulse interval, the pump radius and the crystal radius towards temperature change law was analysed and compared with matlab. Numerical results show that changes in pulse interval time does not have an impact on the temperature distribution inside the crystal when the pulse interval is too small compared with the thermal relaxation time. The temperature inside the crystal remains the same when the pulse interval time changes. When the pulse intervals can be compared to the thermal relaxation time, increasing the pulse interval can reduce the temperature inside the crystal. Results also show that the pump radius will affect the thermal effect inside the crystal, reducing the pumpping radius can increase the thermal effect. Crystal radius size also affects the temperature distribution inside the crystal, the smaller of thecrystal radius, the higher of the temperature, the more obvious of thermal effects.
引文
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