城际快速路景观规划设计初探
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摘要
城市快速路是20世纪城市化运动的产物。随着它的兴起,在现代化的城市和城区中形成了四通八达的交通网络。即有旧城市干道的改建,也有城市新开发区域内的修建,快速路沿线的生态环境受到严重破坏,也给城市的建设和发展带来巨大影响。随着人们环保意识和审美要求的不断提高,在国家大力倡导生态城市、园林城市建设的大背景下,快速路建设所带来的一系列环境问题受到社会的关注和重视,同时也对快速路及其周边环境的建设提出了更高的要求。受多方面种因素的制约,城际快速路景观规划研究还未受到重视,没有形成较为系统、完善理论和规范,因此,展开对城际快速路景观规划设计的系统研究是非常有必要的。
本文以园林、生态、美学、环保、交通等多门学科作为理论研究的基础,结合实地调研和文献资料分析等研究方法,综合考虑城际快速路建设环境的区域性、多样性、复杂性等特性,在较为系统的层次上对城际快速路景观规划设计进行研究和探讨。
文章首先对城际快速路以及城际快速路景观设计相关内容和景观生态学、环境美学、边坡植被复建等相关理论进行了详细论述,归纳出城际快速路景观的动视力特性、尺度特性和动态特性等基本特性,并提出科学的景观规划设计原则。通过借鉴城市道路景观设计、高速公路景观设计和铁路沿线景观设计的研究成果,对城际快速路景观与交通安全进行分析,分别从景观绿化、生态修复和城市文化挖掘三个方面归纳出包含:快速路景观带设计、路基边坡景观设计、道路景观与区域文化整合等快速路景观规划设计的具体内容,从而为快速路景观规划设计提供切实可行的理论依据。将总结的理论运用到邯郸至武安快速路景观规划设计实例中去,通过整体规划研究,力求探索出城际快速路景观规划设计的新方法。最后,提出城际快速路景观规划设计所要达到的理想效果。
研究认为:现代化城际快速路景观规划设计,不能仅局限于单一的道路使用功能上,而是要追求更高、更全面的社会效益,把功能、文化、历史等多种元素融为一体。因此,城际快速路建设将景观美化、生态恢复等方面理论进行有机结合,与城市历史文化资源有效整合,将城际快速路打造成一个安全、舒适、生态、美观的绿色生态长廊。同时,也为城际快速路景观规划设计方法的应用和进一步研究提供理论参考。
Inter-city Express Way is the product of the City Movement in the 20th century. With its rise, the developed traffic network is formed in the modern city. It includes the reconstruction of the existing old roads, and also the development in the new development zones. The ecological environment along the express way is destroyed. It influences the construction and the development of the city very much. Recently, the people’s environmental awareness and aesthetic requirement is improving. The govement advocates the ecological city and garden city. Under this background, the series of the issues resulted in by the construction of the express way is brought to the attention of the society. So it puts forward higher requirements to the counstruction of the express way and the environment. Due to the restriction of lots of factors, the landscape planning in Inter-city express way is a new subject in China. There is no systematic theory and perfect standards. So the systematic discussion on the landscape planning and design in Inter-city express way is very necessary.
This paper is based on the subjects such as landscape, ecology, aesthetics, environmental protection, traffic, etc. The means, such as on-the-spot investigation and consulting documents, are used. The regionalism, diversity, complexity and other factos of the environment during the express way construction are comprehensively considered. It discusses the landscape planning and design in Inter-city express way in the systematic level.
First of all, this paper detailedly describes the express way landscape design related contents, such as Inter-city express way, its type and characteristic. It also describes the theories related to the landscape ecology, environment aesthetics, green design and so on. Then it concludes the fundamental properties of the Inter-city express way landscape, such as dynamic eyesight property, measurement property and dynamic measurement and puts forward the scientific design principle for the landscape planning. By learning the work of the city road landscape design, express way landscape design and railway landscape design, in the aspects of the landscape, ecological restoration and Inter-city culture mining, it concludes some concrete contents regarding the planning and design of the express way landscape, which includes the design of the landscape zone of the express way, the design of the landscape of the embankment slope, road landscape and the integration of the regional culture. As a result, it provides the practical theory basis for the planning and design of the landscape of the Inter-city express way. The paper takes the landscape design of the express way from Handan to Wuan as example. It concludes the deficiencies of the soluction, and proposes some improvement approaches. The purpose is to find a new method to make the planning and design for the landscape of the Inter-city express way. At last, it concludes the relationship between the realistic design and ideal design for the landscape of the Inter-city express way.
Studies suggest that: in the planning and design for the landscape of the express way of the morden city, it can’t only limit to the traffic function, but also pursues the higher and more comprehensive social benefits. The function, cluture, history and other factors should be considered together. So it is the trend that making the Inter-city express way to be a safe, comfortable, ecological and beautiful green gallery. The building of the Inter-city express way should be combined with the landscaping, ecological recovery and culture resource of the city. Meanwhile, it provides the theoretical reference for the applications and the further study of the planning and design for the landscape of the Inter-city express way.
本文以园林、生态、美学、环保、交通等多门学科作为理论研究的基础,结合实地调研和文献资料分析等研究方法,综合考虑城际快速路建设环境的区域性、多样性、复杂性等特性,在较为系统的层次上对城际快速路景观规划设计进行研究和探讨。
文章首先对城际快速路以及城际快速路景观设计相关内容和景观生态学、环境美学、边坡植被复建等相关理论进行了详细论述,归纳出城际快速路景观的动视力特性、尺度特性和动态特性等基本特性,并提出科学的景观规划设计原则。通过借鉴城市道路景观设计、高速公路景观设计和铁路沿线景观设计的研究成果,对城际快速路景观与交通安全进行分析,分别从景观绿化、生态修复和城市文化挖掘三个方面归纳出包含:快速路景观带设计、路基边坡景观设计、道路景观与区域文化整合等快速路景观规划设计的具体内容,从而为快速路景观规划设计提供切实可行的理论依据。将总结的理论运用到邯郸至武安快速路景观规划设计实例中去,通过整体规划研究,力求探索出城际快速路景观规划设计的新方法。最后,提出城际快速路景观规划设计所要达到的理想效果。
研究认为:现代化城际快速路景观规划设计,不能仅局限于单一的道路使用功能上,而是要追求更高、更全面的社会效益,把功能、文化、历史等多种元素融为一体。因此,城际快速路建设将景观美化、生态恢复等方面理论进行有机结合,与城市历史文化资源有效整合,将城际快速路打造成一个安全、舒适、生态、美观的绿色生态长廊。同时,也为城际快速路景观规划设计方法的应用和进一步研究提供理论参考。
Inter-city Express Way is the product of the City Movement in the 20th century. With its rise, the developed traffic network is formed in the modern city. It includes the reconstruction of the existing old roads, and also the development in the new development zones. The ecological environment along the express way is destroyed. It influences the construction and the development of the city very much. Recently, the people’s environmental awareness and aesthetic requirement is improving. The govement advocates the ecological city and garden city. Under this background, the series of the issues resulted in by the construction of the express way is brought to the attention of the society. So it puts forward higher requirements to the counstruction of the express way and the environment. Due to the restriction of lots of factors, the landscape planning in Inter-city express way is a new subject in China. There is no systematic theory and perfect standards. So the systematic discussion on the landscape planning and design in Inter-city express way is very necessary.
This paper is based on the subjects such as landscape, ecology, aesthetics, environmental protection, traffic, etc. The means, such as on-the-spot investigation and consulting documents, are used. The regionalism, diversity, complexity and other factos of the environment during the express way construction are comprehensively considered. It discusses the landscape planning and design in Inter-city express way in the systematic level.
First of all, this paper detailedly describes the express way landscape design related contents, such as Inter-city express way, its type and characteristic. It also describes the theories related to the landscape ecology, environment aesthetics, green design and so on. Then it concludes the fundamental properties of the Inter-city express way landscape, such as dynamic eyesight property, measurement property and dynamic measurement and puts forward the scientific design principle for the landscape planning. By learning the work of the city road landscape design, express way landscape design and railway landscape design, in the aspects of the landscape, ecological restoration and Inter-city culture mining, it concludes some concrete contents regarding the planning and design of the express way landscape, which includes the design of the landscape zone of the express way, the design of the landscape of the embankment slope, road landscape and the integration of the regional culture. As a result, it provides the practical theory basis for the planning and design of the landscape of the Inter-city express way. The paper takes the landscape design of the express way from Handan to Wuan as example. It concludes the deficiencies of the soluction, and proposes some improvement approaches. The purpose is to find a new method to make the planning and design for the landscape of the Inter-city express way. At last, it concludes the relationship between the realistic design and ideal design for the landscape of the Inter-city express way.
Studies suggest that: in the planning and design for the landscape of the express way of the morden city, it can’t only limit to the traffic function, but also pursues the higher and more comprehensive social benefits. The function, cluture, history and other factors should be considered together. So it is the trend that making the Inter-city express way to be a safe, comfortable, ecological and beautiful green gallery. The building of the Inter-city express way should be combined with the landscaping, ecological recovery and culture resource of the city. Meanwhile, it provides the theoretical reference for the applications and the further study of the planning and design for the landscape of the Inter-city express way.
引文
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[9]王俊红.城市快速路景观影响后评价体系研究[J].山西建筑2008,34(14):14-16.
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[13]孙明,薛志鹏.城市快速路的景观特性及其对城市景观的影响[J].背景建筑工程学院学报,2002.18(1):38-43.
[14]孙大江,王自勇等.城市快速路立交区绿化模式探讨[J].四川林勘设计,2004(1):25-27.
[15]曹杨.基于两型社会要求的城市快速路景观设计探讨[J] .景观设计技术.2010(10):418-421.
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[17]李亮,薛卫杰.太原市滨海东路快速化改造美化治理工程[J].山西建筑,2010.36(15):266-267.
[18]王杨振.从美学角度探讨深圳市南坪快速路设计[J].公路交通技术,2007(5):130-132.
[19]王毅.我国城市快速路发展综述[J].城市交通,2003(8):52.
[20]姜舟.快速路型式的选择探析[J].交通标准化,2010(7):31-32.
[21] Richard T. T. Foraman, Landscape Ecology [M],田园城市文化事业有限公司,2001:26.
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