某些天然药物中活性成分的化学发光、电化学及毛细管电泳行为研究
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摘要
天然药物是从植物、动物和微生物等天然资源中开发出来的药物,是药物的一个重要组成部分。天然药物中具有生物活性的化学成分称为活性成分,其含量直接影响天然药物的临床疗效,因此对不同来源的,存在于较复杂体系或基质中的活性成分进行快速、灵敏、可靠的定性、定量分析一直是天然药物研究的热点。
本论文共分四部分,第一部分以黄酮类化合物和生物碱为例,对天然药物中活性成分的分析现状与进展进行综述,并评述各种分析方法的优缺点与研究应用发展趋势。
第二部分为酸性高锰酸钾化学发光体系在生物碱分析中的应用,对影响化学发光强度的因素进行了实验和探讨,建立了高锰酸钾化学发光体系测定小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱、胡椒碱、青藤碱和辛弗林等6种生物碱的新方法,并成功应用于黄柏、黄连、胡椒粉、青风藤和枳壳中总生物碱含量的测定。此外,在酸性高锰酸钾-生物碱化学发光体系光谱学研究的基础上,探讨了该体系的化学发光反应机理。
论文第三部分为天然药物活性成分的电化学行为研究及其应用,主要成果:(1)研究了辛弗林在多壁碳纳米管-Nafion修饰玻碳电极上的电化学氧化行为,建立了以辛弗林为对照品测定枳实中总生物碱含量的新方法,对辛弗林的氧化反应机理进行了初步探讨。(2)研究了槲皮素、桑色素、漆黄素、木犀草素、异鼠李素、杨梅素、金丝桃甙、槲皮甙、葛根素、杜鹃素、柚皮甙元和橙皮甙等12种黄酮类化合物在玻碳电极上的电化学氧化行为,建立了测定黄酮类化合物的微分脉冲伏安法(DPV),检测限可达10~(-7)～10~(-9) mol/L,并用DPV法测定了陈皮中总黄酮含量(以橙皮甙为对照品)和模拟血清中的槲皮素,结果较为满意。此外,对黄酮类化合物的氧化反应机理进行了初步探讨。
论文第四部分为天然药物活性成分的毛细管电泳行为研究及其应用,主要成果:(1)详细研究了19种黄酮类化合物的毛细管电泳行为,建立了同时分离测定黄酮类化合物的毛细管电泳-安培检测的新方法,该方法简便、灵敏、重现性较好,可望用于天然药物中黄酮类化合物的分析。(2)建立了毛细管电泳-安培检测法(CE-AD)测定天然药物三白草、鱼腥草、马齿苋、益母草、仙鹤草中的黄酮类化合物及茵陈中活性成分(黄酮类化合物和绿原酸)含量的新方法,为这些天然药物的质量控制提供了快速、灵敏、简便的分析方法。
Natural medicine, which is exploited from natural resources (such as plants, animals), is an important part of medicine. The chemical constituents in natural medicine that have biological activity are named bioactive constituents. The content of bioactive constituents affects the clinical curative effect of natural medicine directly, thus, the development of the rapid, sensitive, reliable qualitative and quantitative method for the analysis of bioactive constituents which are from the different sources and exist in the complex sample matrix is a hot research area in the study of natural medicine.
This thesis includes four parts. The first part is a review of the progress in the analysis of bioactive constituents (such as flavonoids and alkaloids) in natural medicine. The comment on the advantage, shortcoming and trend of the different analytical methods has also been given in this part.
The second part is the applications of acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence (CL) system in the analysis of alkaloids. The optimum conditions for the chemiluminescent reaction between alkaloids and potassium permanganate were studied in detail. A new simple, rapid and sensitive CL method has been developed for the determination of berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, piperine, sinomenine, and synephrine, and this method has been successfully applied to the determination of the total amount of alkaloids in cortex phellodendri, rhizoma coptidis, fructus pireris, caulis sinomeni and fructus aurantii. In addition, a possible mechanism of this CL reaction was proposed on the basis of the investigation of CL, fluorescent and UV spectra of alkaloids in acidic solution containing potassium permanganate.
The third part is the study on the electrochemical behavior of some bioactive constituents and its application. (1) The electrochemical behavior of synephrine at the multi-walled carbon nanotubes –Nafion modified glassy carbon electrode has been
studied. A sensitive different pulse voltammetry was developed for the determination the total amount of alkaloids in fructus aurantii immaturus. The oxidation mechanism of synephrine was also investigated; (2) The electrochemical behavior of twelve flavonoids (quercetin, morin, fisetin, luteolin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, hyperoside, quercitrin, puerarin, farrerol, naringenin and hesperidin) was investigated. The method for the determination of flavonoids was developed by using different pulse voltammetry, and the detection limit was in the range of 10-7~10-9 mol/L. This method has been successfully employed to determine the total amount of flavonoids in pericarpium citri reticulatae and quercetin in the spiked human blood plasma samples. The oxidation reaction mechanism of flavonoids was also discussed. The fourth part is the study on the capillary electrophoresis behavior of some bioactive constituents and its application. (1) The capillary electrophoresis behavior of 19 flavonoids has been studied in detail. A capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CE-AD) system was developed to separate and determine the above flavonoids. This method is simple, sensitive and reproducible, which will be a useful quantitative method for the analysis of flavonoids in natural medicine; (2) A capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection system was employed to determine flavonoids in rhizoma saururi herba saururi, herba houttuyniae, herba portulacae, herba leonuri, herba agrimoniae and bioactive constituents (flavonoids and chlorogenic acid) in herba artemisiae scopariae. The results indicated that CE-AD was a rapid and sensitive analytical method for the quality control of the above medicinal plants.
本论文共分四部分,第一部分以黄酮类化合物和生物碱为例,对天然药物中活性成分的分析现状与进展进行综述,并评述各种分析方法的优缺点与研究应用发展趋势。
第二部分为酸性高锰酸钾化学发光体系在生物碱分析中的应用,对影响化学发光强度的因素进行了实验和探讨,建立了高锰酸钾化学发光体系测定小檗碱、巴马汀、药根碱、胡椒碱、青藤碱和辛弗林等6种生物碱的新方法,并成功应用于黄柏、黄连、胡椒粉、青风藤和枳壳中总生物碱含量的测定。此外,在酸性高锰酸钾-生物碱化学发光体系光谱学研究的基础上,探讨了该体系的化学发光反应机理。
论文第三部分为天然药物活性成分的电化学行为研究及其应用,主要成果:(1)研究了辛弗林在多壁碳纳米管-Nafion修饰玻碳电极上的电化学氧化行为,建立了以辛弗林为对照品测定枳实中总生物碱含量的新方法,对辛弗林的氧化反应机理进行了初步探讨。(2)研究了槲皮素、桑色素、漆黄素、木犀草素、异鼠李素、杨梅素、金丝桃甙、槲皮甙、葛根素、杜鹃素、柚皮甙元和橙皮甙等12种黄酮类化合物在玻碳电极上的电化学氧化行为,建立了测定黄酮类化合物的微分脉冲伏安法(DPV),检测限可达10~(-7)～10~(-9) mol/L,并用DPV法测定了陈皮中总黄酮含量(以橙皮甙为对照品)和模拟血清中的槲皮素,结果较为满意。此外,对黄酮类化合物的氧化反应机理进行了初步探讨。
论文第四部分为天然药物活性成分的毛细管电泳行为研究及其应用,主要成果:(1)详细研究了19种黄酮类化合物的毛细管电泳行为,建立了同时分离测定黄酮类化合物的毛细管电泳-安培检测的新方法,该方法简便、灵敏、重现性较好,可望用于天然药物中黄酮类化合物的分析。(2)建立了毛细管电泳-安培检测法(CE-AD)测定天然药物三白草、鱼腥草、马齿苋、益母草、仙鹤草中的黄酮类化合物及茵陈中活性成分(黄酮类化合物和绿原酸)含量的新方法,为这些天然药物的质量控制提供了快速、灵敏、简便的分析方法。
Natural medicine, which is exploited from natural resources (such as plants, animals), is an important part of medicine. The chemical constituents in natural medicine that have biological activity are named bioactive constituents. The content of bioactive constituents affects the clinical curative effect of natural medicine directly, thus, the development of the rapid, sensitive, reliable qualitative and quantitative method for the analysis of bioactive constituents which are from the different sources and exist in the complex sample matrix is a hot research area in the study of natural medicine.
This thesis includes four parts. The first part is a review of the progress in the analysis of bioactive constituents (such as flavonoids and alkaloids) in natural medicine. The comment on the advantage, shortcoming and trend of the different analytical methods has also been given in this part.
The second part is the applications of acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence (CL) system in the analysis of alkaloids. The optimum conditions for the chemiluminescent reaction between alkaloids and potassium permanganate were studied in detail. A new simple, rapid and sensitive CL method has been developed for the determination of berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, piperine, sinomenine, and synephrine, and this method has been successfully applied to the determination of the total amount of alkaloids in cortex phellodendri, rhizoma coptidis, fructus pireris, caulis sinomeni and fructus aurantii. In addition, a possible mechanism of this CL reaction was proposed on the basis of the investigation of CL, fluorescent and UV spectra of alkaloids in acidic solution containing potassium permanganate.
The third part is the study on the electrochemical behavior of some bioactive constituents and its application. (1) The electrochemical behavior of synephrine at the multi-walled carbon nanotubes –Nafion modified glassy carbon electrode has been
studied. A sensitive different pulse voltammetry was developed for the determination the total amount of alkaloids in fructus aurantii immaturus. The oxidation mechanism of synephrine was also investigated; (2) The electrochemical behavior of twelve flavonoids (quercetin, morin, fisetin, luteolin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, hyperoside, quercitrin, puerarin, farrerol, naringenin and hesperidin) was investigated. The method for the determination of flavonoids was developed by using different pulse voltammetry, and the detection limit was in the range of 10-7~10-9 mol/L. This method has been successfully employed to determine the total amount of flavonoids in pericarpium citri reticulatae and quercetin in the spiked human blood plasma samples. The oxidation reaction mechanism of flavonoids was also discussed. The fourth part is the study on the capillary electrophoresis behavior of some bioactive constituents and its application. (1) The capillary electrophoresis behavior of 19 flavonoids has been studied in detail. A capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CE-AD) system was developed to separate and determine the above flavonoids. This method is simple, sensitive and reproducible, which will be a useful quantitative method for the analysis of flavonoids in natural medicine; (2) A capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection system was employed to determine flavonoids in rhizoma saururi herba saururi, herba houttuyniae, herba portulacae, herba leonuri, herba agrimoniae and bioactive constituents (flavonoids and chlorogenic acid) in herba artemisiae scopariae. The results indicated that CE-AD was a rapid and sensitive analytical method for the quality control of the above medicinal plants.
引文
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