基于位置信息的无线资源管理的研究
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摘要
本论文是进行基于位置信息的无线资源管理的研究。本论文分为两部分,第一部分着重研究无线蜂窝网络中的无线定位算法。第二部分主要研究位置信息与无线资源管理的结合。
对于第一部分,本文先研究了基本的定位算法,并进行了性能仿真,仿真结果表明三种基本的TDOA算法中,Chan算法的性能最优,但是与TDOA/AOA混合定位算法相比,Chan算法的性能是次优的。然后深入研究了在非视距传播环境下基于TOA(Time Of Arrival,信号到达时间)的几何定位算法,提出了一种新的算法,把距离几何定位引入到基站选择中。仿真表明,这种算法能够有效的抑制NLOS误差,提高定位精度。
第二部分的研究工作包括两块内容。一、首先研究了中继管理。对单中继系统中的资源管理进行了研究与仿真,提出了集中式调度与分布式调度两种方案,并分析各自的优缺点。集中式调度的小区吞吐量略好于分布式调度；但分布式调度的边缘用户性能略好于集中式调度。在多中继系统中,中继节点就是最关键的无线资源之一,本文研究并提出了了基于位置信息的中继节点选择算法,通过仿真表明信道容量会受到候选中继节点的个数以及增益阈值的影响,同时也证明了位置信息对于中继节点选择的重要性。二、干扰协调是当前无线通信系统中一种重要的资源管理技术。如何区分中心用户和边缘用户至关重要。本文根据位置信息对用户进行分类,研究并仿真了多种干扰协调的算法,并对各算法性能进行了分析与比较。仿真表明,加入干扰协调之后,能够一定程度地提升边缘用户的性能。通过比较三种干扰协调方案,SFR方案二的小区平均频谱效率虽然没有显著提高,但极大的提高了边缘用户效率,是比较优的一种方法。
This paper mainly focused on radio resource management based on position information. It is consisted by two parts. The first part focuses on wireless location algorithm in wireless cellular networks. And the second part focuses on combination of position information and radio resource management.
Firstly, mathematical models of some basic location algorithms are established. The advantages and performance of these algorithms is analyzed by simulation. Then, a deep research on the geometric location algorithm is done based on TOA (Time of Arrival, signal arrival time) against non-line-of-sight propagation. Then a new algorithm is proposed which introduced geometric location method into base station selection. It can mitigate the NLOS error and improve location accuracy.
The second part includes relay management and interference coordination. Two algorithms which called centralized scheduling and localized scheduling are raised in relay management. These two algorithms are applicable in single relay scenario. The advantage and disadvantage are analyzed by simulation. Village throughput of centralized scheduling is slightly better than distributed scheduling. But the edge users'performance of distributed scheduling is slightly better than centralized scheduling. Relay is the important resource in multi-relay scenario, so the relay selection algorithm based on position information is proposed. The results show that the channel capacity will be affected by the number of candidate relay nodes and gain threshold. It is also proved by simulation that position information is important in relay selection. Interference coordination is also one of the most important resource management technologies. And how to classify cell-center users and cell edge users is critical for interference coordination. In this paper, the users are classified by position and different algorithms are studied and simulated. In the end, the performance of those algorithms is compared. The performance of the edge users is improved, when joined interference coordination. By comparing three interference coordination schemes, although area average spectrum efficiency of SFR scheme II is no significant increased, but the efficiency of edge users is greatly improved. It is proved to be a method of optimal.
对于第一部分,本文先研究了基本的定位算法,并进行了性能仿真,仿真结果表明三种基本的TDOA算法中,Chan算法的性能最优,但是与TDOA/AOA混合定位算法相比,Chan算法的性能是次优的。然后深入研究了在非视距传播环境下基于TOA(Time Of Arrival,信号到达时间)的几何定位算法,提出了一种新的算法,把距离几何定位引入到基站选择中。仿真表明,这种算法能够有效的抑制NLOS误差,提高定位精度。
第二部分的研究工作包括两块内容。一、首先研究了中继管理。对单中继系统中的资源管理进行了研究与仿真,提出了集中式调度与分布式调度两种方案,并分析各自的优缺点。集中式调度的小区吞吐量略好于分布式调度；但分布式调度的边缘用户性能略好于集中式调度。在多中继系统中,中继节点就是最关键的无线资源之一,本文研究并提出了了基于位置信息的中继节点选择算法,通过仿真表明信道容量会受到候选中继节点的个数以及增益阈值的影响,同时也证明了位置信息对于中继节点选择的重要性。二、干扰协调是当前无线通信系统中一种重要的资源管理技术。如何区分中心用户和边缘用户至关重要。本文根据位置信息对用户进行分类,研究并仿真了多种干扰协调的算法,并对各算法性能进行了分析与比较。仿真表明,加入干扰协调之后,能够一定程度地提升边缘用户的性能。通过比较三种干扰协调方案,SFR方案二的小区平均频谱效率虽然没有显著提高,但极大的提高了边缘用户效率,是比较优的一种方法。
This paper mainly focused on radio resource management based on position information. It is consisted by two parts. The first part focuses on wireless location algorithm in wireless cellular networks. And the second part focuses on combination of position information and radio resource management.
Firstly, mathematical models of some basic location algorithms are established. The advantages and performance of these algorithms is analyzed by simulation. Then, a deep research on the geometric location algorithm is done based on TOA (Time of Arrival, signal arrival time) against non-line-of-sight propagation. Then a new algorithm is proposed which introduced geometric location method into base station selection. It can mitigate the NLOS error and improve location accuracy.
The second part includes relay management and interference coordination. Two algorithms which called centralized scheduling and localized scheduling are raised in relay management. These two algorithms are applicable in single relay scenario. The advantage and disadvantage are analyzed by simulation. Village throughput of centralized scheduling is slightly better than distributed scheduling. But the edge users'performance of distributed scheduling is slightly better than centralized scheduling. Relay is the important resource in multi-relay scenario, so the relay selection algorithm based on position information is proposed. The results show that the channel capacity will be affected by the number of candidate relay nodes and gain threshold. It is also proved by simulation that position information is important in relay selection. Interference coordination is also one of the most important resource management technologies. And how to classify cell-center users and cell edge users is critical for interference coordination. In this paper, the users are classified by position and different algorithms are studied and simulated. In the end, the performance of those algorithms is compared. The performance of the edge users is improved, when joined interference coordination. By comparing three interference coordination schemes, although area average spectrum efficiency of SFR scheme II is no significant increased, but the efficiency of edge users is greatly improved. It is proved to be a method of optimal.
引文
[1]Andargoli, S.M.H., K. Mohamed-pour, "Resource allocation for downlink multicell OFDM A systems by interference limitation," ICEE, vol.51,2011, pp. 1-6.
[2]Mirza'ee and Meysam, "Single and multiple relay selection schemes with optimum relay factors in wireless sensor networks," ICEE,2011, pp.1-4.
[3]范平志,邓平,“蜂窝无线定位技术”,电子工业出版社,2002,pp.167-169.
[4]Reed, J.H., Krizman, K.J, "An overview of the challenges and progress in meeting the E-911 requirement for location service," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.23,1998, pp.30-37.
[5]Wang, S.S., Green, M., Malkawa, M, "E-911 location standards and location commercial services," IEEE, Emerging Technologies Symposium:Broadband, Wireless Internet Access, vol.12,2000, pp.31-36.
[6]Tian Hui, Wang Shuang. "Localization using Cooperative AOA Approach," Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing, vol.2,2007, pp. 2416-2419.
[7]Kaune,R, "Accuracy studies for TDOA and TOA localization," International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), vol.2,2012, pp.408-415.
[8]Sooyeob Jung, Sujin Kim, "Low-complexity joint DOA/TOA estimation algorithm for mobile location," IEEE WCNC, vol.3,2012, pp.581-586.
[9]Li Cong, Weihua Zhuang, "Hybrid TDOA/AOA mobile user location for wideband CDMA cellular systems," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.1,2002, pp.439-447.
[10]Zhang, V.Y., Wong, A.K. "Hybrid TOA/AOA-Based Mobile Localization with and without Tracking in CDMA Cellular Networks," IEEE WCNC, vol.3,2010, pp.1-6.
[11]Ouyang, R.W., Wong, A.K.-S, "An Enhanced Toa-Based Wireless Location Estimation Algorithm for Dense NLOS Environments," IEEE WCNC, vol.2, 2009, pp.1-6.
[12]Weiguo Guan, Zhongliang Deng, "A NLOS mitigation method for CDMA2000 mobile location," IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content, vol.15,2010, pp.668-672.
[13]Liangxue Zhu, Jinkang Zhu, "A new model and its performance for TDOA Estimation, " IEEE VTC Fall, vol.4,2001, pp.2750-2753.
[14]P. Clarke, "Cell Phone Positioned for New Services," Electronic Engineering Times,1997, pp.1-6.
[15]Yost, G.P., Panchapakesan, S., "Improvement in estimation of time of arrival (TOA) from timing advance," IEEE ICUPC, vol.2,1998, pp.1367-1372.
[16]Sang Young Park, Hyo-sung Ahn, "Round-trip time-based wireless positioning without time synchronization," IEEE ICCAS, vol.2,2007, pp.2323-2326.
[17]Ismail, M., Mohamad,I., "Availability of GPS and A-GPS signal in UKM campus for hearability check," IEEE MICC, vol.12,2011, pp.59-64.
[18]Molisch, A.F., Asplund, H., Heddergott.R, "The COST259 Directional Channel Model-Part I:Overview and Methodology," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.5,2006, pp.3421-3433.
[19]L. J. Greenstein et. Al. "A New Path-Gain/Delay-Spread Propagation Model for Digital Cellular Channels," IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technology, vol.46, 1997, pp.477-484.
[20]Shimura, R., Sasase, I., "TDOA Mobile Terminal Positioning with Weight Control based on Received Power of Pilot Symbol in Taylor-Series Estimation," IEEE Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, vol.23,2006, pp. 1-5.
[21]Fang, B.T. "Simple solutions for hyperbolic and related position fixes," IEEE Trans on Aerospace Electronic Systems," vol.26,1990, pp.748-753.
[22]Zhang Jian-wu, Yu Cheng-lei, "The Performance Analysis of Chan Location Algorithm in Cellular Network," Computer Science and Information Engineering, vol.1,2009, pp.339-343.
[23]邓平,李莉,范平志, “一种TDOA/AOA混合定位算法及其性能分析.”电波科学学报,vo1.17,2002,pp.6-10.
[24]William C.Y.Lee, "Mobile communication engineering [M]," New York,1993, Chapter 9.
[25]田孝华,廖桂生, “一种有效减小非视距传播影响的TOA定位方法”电子学报,vo1.31,2003,pp.11-15.
[26]James J. Caffery, Jr, "A New Approach to the Geometry of TOA Location," IEEE Fall VCT, vol.4,2000, pp.1943-1949.
[27]Yiteng Huang, Jacob Benesty, "AN EFFICIENT LINEAR-CORRECTION LEAST-SQUARES APPROACH TO SOURCE LOCALIZATION," IEEE Workshop on the Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics, vol. 2,2001, pp.67-70.
[28]陈健,卓永宁,“一种基于TOA的定位优化算法.”无线通信技术,vo1.36,2002,pp.21-25.
[29]Bishop, A.N., "Transmitter power estimation for uncooperative emitters with the Cayley-Menger determinant," Mediterranean Conference on MED, vol.46, 2011, pp.1166-1169.
[30]He Yuanhua, Li Hongsheng, "A Non-Line-of-Sight Error Mitigation Method in Wireless Location System," IEEE ICCSIT, vol.30,2009, pp.282-286.
[31]Jun-hui Zhao, Wei Yang, "Distance geometric constraint filtering algorithm and its application in UWB location," The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications, vol.18,2011.
[32]Holtkamp, H., Auer, G., Haas, H., "Minimal average consumption downlink base station power control strategy," IEEE Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), vol.16,2011, pp.2430-2434.
[33]Zhang, Y., Lee, C., Niyato, D., "Auction Approaches for Resource Allocation in Wireless Systems:A Survey," Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. PP, 2012, pp.1-22.
[34]Xiong, Cong, Li, Geoffrey Ye, "Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation in OFDMA Networks Communications," IEEE Transactions on wireless communications, vol.11,2012,3767-3778.
[35]Lianghui Ding, Meixia Tao, "Joint Scheduling and Relay Selection in One-and Two-Way Relay Networks with Buffering," IEEE ICC, vol.42,2009, pp.1-5.
[36]Lin Xiao, Tiankui Zhang, Cuthbert, L., "Scheduling Algorithm for Multimedia Services in Relay Based OFDMA Cellular Networks," IEEE IWCMC, vol.5, 2011, pp.1900-1905.
[37]Liping Wang, Yusheng Ji, Fuqiang Liu, "A Novel Centralized Resource Scheduling Scheme in OFDMA-Based Two-Hop Relay-Enhanced Cellular Systems," IEEE WIMCOM, vol.16,2008, pp.113-118.
[38]Yubo Li, Qinye Yin, Wei Xu, "On the Design of Relay Selection Strategies in Regenerative Cooperative Networks with Outdated CSI," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.10,2011, pp.3086-3097.
[39]Meiyu Huang, Fei Yang, Sihai Zhang, "Performance Analysis of Two-Way Relay Selection Scheme Based on ARDT Protocol," IEEE VTC Spring, vol.8, 2012, pp.1-5.
[40]Qiang Li, Zhe Wang, Fuying Ma, "Inter-cell interference coordination research for LTE," IEEE MAPE, vol.1,2011, pp.695-700.
[41]Manli Qian, Hardjawana,W., Yonghui Li, "Inter-cell interference coordination through adaptive soft frequency reuse in LTE networks," IEEE WCNC, vol.8, 2012, pp.1618-1623.
[42]Xiao Dengkun, Yu Xiaoyu, Yang Dongkai, "A Novel Downlink ICIC Method Based on User Position in LTE-Advanced Systems," IEEE VTC Fall, vol.2, 2012, pp.1-5.
[2]Mirza'ee and Meysam, "Single and multiple relay selection schemes with optimum relay factors in wireless sensor networks," ICEE,2011, pp.1-4.
[3]范平志,邓平,“蜂窝无线定位技术”,电子工业出版社,2002,pp.167-169.
[4]Reed, J.H., Krizman, K.J, "An overview of the challenges and progress in meeting the E-911 requirement for location service," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.23,1998, pp.30-37.
[5]Wang, S.S., Green, M., Malkawa, M, "E-911 location standards and location commercial services," IEEE, Emerging Technologies Symposium:Broadband, Wireless Internet Access, vol.12,2000, pp.31-36.
[6]Tian Hui, Wang Shuang. "Localization using Cooperative AOA Approach," Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing, vol.2,2007, pp. 2416-2419.
[7]Kaune,R, "Accuracy studies for TDOA and TOA localization," International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), vol.2,2012, pp.408-415.
[8]Sooyeob Jung, Sujin Kim, "Low-complexity joint DOA/TOA estimation algorithm for mobile location," IEEE WCNC, vol.3,2012, pp.581-586.
[9]Li Cong, Weihua Zhuang, "Hybrid TDOA/AOA mobile user location for wideband CDMA cellular systems," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.1,2002, pp.439-447.
[10]Zhang, V.Y., Wong, A.K. "Hybrid TOA/AOA-Based Mobile Localization with and without Tracking in CDMA Cellular Networks," IEEE WCNC, vol.3,2010, pp.1-6.
[11]Ouyang, R.W., Wong, A.K.-S, "An Enhanced Toa-Based Wireless Location Estimation Algorithm for Dense NLOS Environments," IEEE WCNC, vol.2, 2009, pp.1-6.
[12]Weiguo Guan, Zhongliang Deng, "A NLOS mitigation method for CDMA2000 mobile location," IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content, vol.15,2010, pp.668-672.
[13]Liangxue Zhu, Jinkang Zhu, "A new model and its performance for TDOA Estimation, " IEEE VTC Fall, vol.4,2001, pp.2750-2753.
[14]P. Clarke, "Cell Phone Positioned for New Services," Electronic Engineering Times,1997, pp.1-6.
[15]Yost, G.P., Panchapakesan, S., "Improvement in estimation of time of arrival (TOA) from timing advance," IEEE ICUPC, vol.2,1998, pp.1367-1372.
[16]Sang Young Park, Hyo-sung Ahn, "Round-trip time-based wireless positioning without time synchronization," IEEE ICCAS, vol.2,2007, pp.2323-2326.
[17]Ismail, M., Mohamad,I., "Availability of GPS and A-GPS signal in UKM campus for hearability check," IEEE MICC, vol.12,2011, pp.59-64.
[18]Molisch, A.F., Asplund, H., Heddergott.R, "The COST259 Directional Channel Model-Part I:Overview and Methodology," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.5,2006, pp.3421-3433.
[19]L. J. Greenstein et. Al. "A New Path-Gain/Delay-Spread Propagation Model for Digital Cellular Channels," IEEE Trans. On Vehicular Technology, vol.46, 1997, pp.477-484.
[20]Shimura, R., Sasase, I., "TDOA Mobile Terminal Positioning with Weight Control based on Received Power of Pilot Symbol in Taylor-Series Estimation," IEEE Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, vol.23,2006, pp. 1-5.
[21]Fang, B.T. "Simple solutions for hyperbolic and related position fixes," IEEE Trans on Aerospace Electronic Systems," vol.26,1990, pp.748-753.
[22]Zhang Jian-wu, Yu Cheng-lei, "The Performance Analysis of Chan Location Algorithm in Cellular Network," Computer Science and Information Engineering, vol.1,2009, pp.339-343.
[23]邓平,李莉,范平志, “一种TDOA/AOA混合定位算法及其性能分析.”电波科学学报,vo1.17,2002,pp.6-10.
[24]William C.Y.Lee, "Mobile communication engineering [M]," New York,1993, Chapter 9.
[25]田孝华,廖桂生, “一种有效减小非视距传播影响的TOA定位方法”电子学报,vo1.31,2003,pp.11-15.
[26]James J. Caffery, Jr, "A New Approach to the Geometry of TOA Location," IEEE Fall VCT, vol.4,2000, pp.1943-1949.
[27]Yiteng Huang, Jacob Benesty, "AN EFFICIENT LINEAR-CORRECTION LEAST-SQUARES APPROACH TO SOURCE LOCALIZATION," IEEE Workshop on the Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics, vol. 2,2001, pp.67-70.
[28]陈健,卓永宁,“一种基于TOA的定位优化算法.”无线通信技术,vo1.36,2002,pp.21-25.
[29]Bishop, A.N., "Transmitter power estimation for uncooperative emitters with the Cayley-Menger determinant," Mediterranean Conference on MED, vol.46, 2011, pp.1166-1169.
[30]He Yuanhua, Li Hongsheng, "A Non-Line-of-Sight Error Mitigation Method in Wireless Location System," IEEE ICCSIT, vol.30,2009, pp.282-286.
[31]Jun-hui Zhao, Wei Yang, "Distance geometric constraint filtering algorithm and its application in UWB location," The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications, vol.18,2011.
[32]Holtkamp, H., Auer, G., Haas, H., "Minimal average consumption downlink base station power control strategy," IEEE Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), vol.16,2011, pp.2430-2434.
[33]Zhang, Y., Lee, C., Niyato, D., "Auction Approaches for Resource Allocation in Wireless Systems:A Survey," Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. PP, 2012, pp.1-22.
[34]Xiong, Cong, Li, Geoffrey Ye, "Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation in OFDMA Networks Communications," IEEE Transactions on wireless communications, vol.11,2012,3767-3778.
[35]Lianghui Ding, Meixia Tao, "Joint Scheduling and Relay Selection in One-and Two-Way Relay Networks with Buffering," IEEE ICC, vol.42,2009, pp.1-5.
[36]Lin Xiao, Tiankui Zhang, Cuthbert, L., "Scheduling Algorithm for Multimedia Services in Relay Based OFDMA Cellular Networks," IEEE IWCMC, vol.5, 2011, pp.1900-1905.
[37]Liping Wang, Yusheng Ji, Fuqiang Liu, "A Novel Centralized Resource Scheduling Scheme in OFDMA-Based Two-Hop Relay-Enhanced Cellular Systems," IEEE WIMCOM, vol.16,2008, pp.113-118.
[38]Yubo Li, Qinye Yin, Wei Xu, "On the Design of Relay Selection Strategies in Regenerative Cooperative Networks with Outdated CSI," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.10,2011, pp.3086-3097.
[39]Meiyu Huang, Fei Yang, Sihai Zhang, "Performance Analysis of Two-Way Relay Selection Scheme Based on ARDT Protocol," IEEE VTC Spring, vol.8, 2012, pp.1-5.
[40]Qiang Li, Zhe Wang, Fuying Ma, "Inter-cell interference coordination research for LTE," IEEE MAPE, vol.1,2011, pp.695-700.
[41]Manli Qian, Hardjawana,W., Yonghui Li, "Inter-cell interference coordination through adaptive soft frequency reuse in LTE networks," IEEE WCNC, vol.8, 2012, pp.1618-1623.
[42]Xiao Dengkun, Yu Xiaoyu, Yang Dongkai, "A Novel Downlink ICIC Method Based on User Position in LTE-Advanced Systems," IEEE VTC Fall, vol.2, 2012, pp.1-5.