低温低浊进水下壳聚糖及其衍生物助滤效果研究
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摘要
针对黄河下游水库水质冬季呈现低温低浊、处理难度大的特点,采用壳聚糖(CTS)、低聚合度壳聚糖(LCTS)、质子化壳聚糖(HCTS)和羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)助滤剂进行二次微絮凝过滤模拟实验。结果表明,低温低浊水质下CTS、LCTS、HCTS可有效降低滤池出水浊度,当CTS投加量为0.6 mg/L时,浊度可将至0.1 NTU;质量分数0.2%的稀盐酸代替质量分数1%的冰乙酸溶液溶解CTS可有效解决滤池出水因投加CTS助滤剂引起水中pH降低、滤池出水TOC含量升高等问题;降低进水pH,可提高CTS强化过滤效果;pH为6时,出水浊度降至0.1 NTU左右,颗粒数降至320 CNT/m L。
The water quality in the lower reservoir of the Yellow River is characterized by low temperature and turbidity in winter and difficult to treat.The simulated filtration test of dual micro-flocculation was carried out by CTS, LCTS, HCTS and CMCS, respectively. The results showed that CTS,LCTS and HCTS could effectively reduce the effluent turbidity of the filter in low temperature and low turbidity condition. When the CTS dosage was 0.6 mg/L, turbidity could be down to 0.1 NTU. In addition, the diluted hydrochloric acid solution with 0.2% mass fraction was substituted for the glacial acetic acid solution with 1% mass fraction, which could effectively solve the problems of pH decrease and TOC content increase in effluent caused by CTS addition. Lowering the p H of influent could improve the filtration effect of CTS. When the p H was 6, the effluent turbidity reduced to about 0.1 NTU,and the number of particles dropped to 320 CNT/mL.
The water quality in the lower reservoir of the Yellow River is characterized by low temperature and turbidity in winter and difficult to treat.The simulated filtration test of dual micro-flocculation was carried out by CTS, LCTS, HCTS and CMCS, respectively. The results showed that CTS,LCTS and HCTS could effectively reduce the effluent turbidity of the filter in low temperature and low turbidity condition. When the CTS dosage was 0.6 mg/L, turbidity could be down to 0.1 NTU. In addition, the diluted hydrochloric acid solution with 0.2% mass fraction was substituted for the glacial acetic acid solution with 1% mass fraction, which could effectively solve the problems of pH decrease and TOC content increase in effluent caused by CTS addition. Lowering the p H of influent could improve the filtration effect of CTS. When the p H was 6, the effluent turbidity reduced to about 0.1 NTU,and the number of particles dropped to 320 CNT/mL.
引文
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[2]王志华,江阳阳,余晓华,等.壳聚糖及其水溶性衍生物对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(1):198-202.
[3]丁杰,沙焕伟,赵双阳,等.磁性氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖制备及其对磺胺嘧啶吸附性能研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3691-3700.
[4]孙志勇,严彪,王爱民,等.壳聚糖/CTAB复合改性膨润土对活性红X-3B的吸附[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(2):617-623.
[5]RENAULT F,SANCEY B,BADOT P M,et al.Chitosan for coagulation/flocculation processes-An eco-friendly approach[J].European Polymer Journal,2009,45(5):1337-1348.
[6]周杨.改性碳纳米管负载Pd基催化剂对二氯乙酸和四溴双酚A的催化加氢[D].南京:南京大学,2014.
[7]孙淑雲,古小治,张启超,等.水草腐烂引发的黑臭水体应急处置技术研究[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(3):485-493.
[8]邱舒,吴成龙,李婷,等.新型多孔琼脂-壳聚糖改性膜的制备及其对重金属废水的吸附性能研究[J].生物化工,2017,3(4):7-10.
[9]DIVAKARAN R,PILLAI V N S.Flocculation of algae using chitosan[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2002,14(5):419-422.
[10]CHUNG Y C,WANG H L,CHEN Y M,et al.Effect of abiotic factors on the antibacterial activity of chitosan against waterborne pathogens[J].Bioresource Technology,2003,88(3):179-184.
[11]马春霞.壳聚糖-氯化铝双絮凝工艺处理饮用水源水中有毒蓝藻调控技术研究[D].济南:山东大学,2017.
[12]王秉钧.微絮凝直接过滤工艺处理效果的试验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.
[13]LV T,ZHAO H,QI D,et al.Synthesis of a novel amphiphilic and cationic chitosan-based flocculant for efficient treatment of oily wastewater[J].Advances in Polymer Technology,2015,34(3).
[14]SAENGKAEW P,CHANTANACHAI K,CHEEWAJAROEN K,et al.Characterization and electrical properties of chitosan for waste water treatment[J].2016,1728(1):20-31.
[15]ZHAO P,XIN M,LI M,et al.Adsorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution using chitosan microspheres modified byβ-cyclodextrin[J].Desalination&Water Treatment,2016,57(25):11850-11858.
[16]郑蓓,葛小鹏,李涛,等.微絮凝强化过滤工艺处理低温低浊水的实验研究[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(11):2184-2188.
[17]ZHANG G,KANG X,ZHANG P,et al.Pilot study of low-temperature low-turbidity reservoir water treatment using dual-media filtration with micro-flocculation[C].IEEE:International Conference on Multimedia Technology,2011:1152-1155.
[18]张强.微污染水源水处理过程中消毒副产物及病毒类微生物变化特性研究[D].复旦大学,2012.
[19]FABRIS R,CHOW C W K,DRIKAS M.Evaluation of chitosan as a natural coagulant for drinking water treatment.[J].Water Science&Technology,2010,61(8):2119-2128.
[20]JACQUIN C,LESAGE G,TRABER J,et al.Three-dimensional excitation and emission matrix fluorescence(3DEEM)for quick and pseudo-quantitative determination of protein-and humic-like substances in full-scale membrane bioreactor(MBR)[J].Water Research,2017,118:82-92.
[21]CHAO L,OLIVARES C I,PINTO A J,et al.The control of disinfection byproducts and their precursors in biologically active filtration processes[J].Water Research,2017,124:630.
[22]郭莹娟,薛娟琴,张桀,等.质子化改性壳聚糖吸附硫酸根行为及其光谱分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2014,34(1):78-81.