毛乌素沙地玉米不同种植年限砒砂岩与沙复配土壤有机质与全氮的关系
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摘要
[目的]研究毛乌素沙地不同种植年限下不同比例砒砂岩与沙复配土壤碳氮变化特征,分析新造复配成土结构能否持续稳定发育。[方法]根据2013—2016年田间小区试验数据,对不同种植年限下3种比例砒砂岩与沙复配土壤有机质和全氮时空变化特征及两者间的关系进行研究。[结果]①不同比例复配土壤有机质和全氮含量均随着作物种植年限的增加而呈现稳定上升趋势;②4 a间3种复配土壤有机质和全氮含量均表现为:1∶1>1∶2>1∶5,各自相对于2013年变化差异极显著(p<0.01);③不同种植年限下3种比例复配土壤有机质与全氮均呈现显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.860,0.891 7,0.737 6。[结论]复配比例和种植年限是影响新造土壤有机质和全氮含量的重要因子。
[Objective] The purposes of this paper are to evaluate the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen in soils with different proportion of arsenic sandstone and sand under different cultivation years in Mu Us sand land, and to determine whether the newly-formed soil structure can develop continuously and steadily. [Methods] Based on the data of field plots from 2013 to 2016, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil organic matter and total nitrogen and the relationship between the three proportions of sandstone and sand in different planting years were studied. [Results] ① The soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of different proportions showed a steady upward trend with the number of crop cultivation years; ② In the four years, the soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of the three compound soils showed 1∶1>1∶2>1∶5, and the difference was significantly different from that in 2013(p<0.01). ③ There were significant positive correlations between soil organic matter and total nitrogen in the three proportions under different planting years. The correlation coefficients were 0.86, 0.89 and 0.74. [Conclusion] Proportions and cultivation years are important factors affecting the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen in newly constructed soil.
[Objective] The purposes of this paper are to evaluate the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen in soils with different proportion of arsenic sandstone and sand under different cultivation years in Mu Us sand land, and to determine whether the newly-formed soil structure can develop continuously and steadily. [Methods] Based on the data of field plots from 2013 to 2016, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil organic matter and total nitrogen and the relationship between the three proportions of sandstone and sand in different planting years were studied. [Results] ① The soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of different proportions showed a steady upward trend with the number of crop cultivation years; ② In the four years, the soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of the three compound soils showed 1∶1>1∶2>1∶5, and the difference was significantly different from that in 2013(p<0.01). ③ There were significant positive correlations between soil organic matter and total nitrogen in the three proportions under different planting years. The correlation coefficients were 0.86, 0.89 and 0.74. [Conclusion] Proportions and cultivation years are important factors affecting the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen in newly constructed soil.
引文
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[2] 李菊梅,王朝辉,李生秀,等.有机质、全氮和可矿化氮在反映土壤供氮能力方面的意义[J].土壤学报,2003,40(2):232-238.
[3] 李燕丽,潘贤章,王昌昆,等.广西中南部耕地土壤有机质和全氮变化的遥感监测[J].生态学报,2014,34(18):5283-5291.
[4] Sparling G P,Wheeler D,Vesely E T,et al.What is soil organic matter worth?[J].Journal of environmental quality,2006,35(2):548-557.
[5] 薛晓娟,李英年,杜明远,等.祁连山东段南麓不同海拔土壤有机质及全氮的分布状况[J].冰川冻土,2009,31(4):642-649.
[6] 高丽丽.西藏土壤有机质和氮磷钾状况及其影响因素分析[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2004.
[7] 杨丽霞,陈少锋,安娟娟,等.陕北黄土丘陵区不同植被类型群落多样性与土壤有机质、全氮关系研究[J].草地学报,2014,22(2):291-298.
[8] 雷建容,莫太相,李孝东,等.川中丘陵区土壤有机质与全氮关系研究[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(2):663-666.
[9] Han Jichang,Xie Jiancang,Zhang Yang.Potential role of feldspathic sandstone as a natural water retaining agent in Mu Us sandy land,Northwest China [J].Chinese Geographical Science,2012,22(5):550-555.
[10] Han Jichang,Liu Yansui,Zhang Yang.Sand stabilization effect of feldspathic sandstone during the fallow period in Mu Us sandy land [J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2015,25(4):428-436.
[11] 韩霁昌,付佩,王欢元,等.砒砂岩与沙复配成土技术在毛乌素沙地土地整治工程中的推广应用[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(25):7287-7293.
[12] Wang Huanyuan,Han Jichang,Tong Wei,et al.Analysis of water and nitrogen use efficiency for maize(Zea mays L.) grown on soft rock and sand compound soil [J].Journal of the science of Food and agriculture,2017,97(8):2553-2560.
[13] 赵宣,韩霁昌,王欢元,等.毛乌素沙漠—黄土高原过渡带土壤养分空间异质性[J].生态学报,2016,36(22):7446-7452.
[14] 李娟,韩霁昌,成生权.砒砂岩与沙复配土对土壤团聚体和有机碳质量分数的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(11):140-148.
[15] 杨梅焕,曹明明,朱志梅.毛乌素沙地东南缘沙漠化过程中植被的退化和稳定性[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(5):10-15.
[16] 杨梅焕,曹明明,朱志梅,等.毛乌素沙地东南缘沙漠化过程中土壤理化性质分析[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(2):169-172,176.
[17] 刘光崧.土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M].北京:中国标准出版社,1996.
[18] 中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T1121.6-2006土壤有机质的测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[19] 党廷辉.有机质、全氮、土壤质地与土壤供氮能力的关系[J].陕西农业科学,1990(1):27-28,43.
[20] 王莹.土壤有机质与氮磷钾的相关性[J].土壤肥料,2008(17):32-33.
[21] 袁子茹,任灵,陈建纲,等.祁连山不同草地类型土壤有机质与全氮分布的关系[J].草原与草坪,2016,36(3):12-16.