反映南海U形海疆线的《南洋群岛新地图》
|
摘要
<正>唐丹玲等人~([1])发现1951年光华舆地学社编制的《中华人民共和国新地图》(第二版)以连续国界线方式绘制南海诸岛地图,明确了南海的管辖权,并建议以"南海U形海疆线"表征我国南海的海疆线.为了深化对南海U形海疆线的认识,在此特补充文献中极少提及的《南洋群岛新地图》(Map of East Indies)~([2])并附讨论.《南洋群岛新地图》由亚光舆地学社于1948年1月
In the recent investigation, Tang et al.(2018) discovered that the New Map of the People's Republic of China published in 1951 applies both a continuous national boundary line and an administrative region line to represent China's national U-shaped boundary line(U-boundary) in the South China Sea. Furthermore, we present the Map of East Indies as a supplementary material to illustrate the nature of the South China Sea U-boundary line. The Map of East Indies(1:6000000) was published by the Ya Kwang Geographical Institute(Ya Guang Yu Di Xue She) in 1948. It is a bilingual map of the East Indies in Chinese and English and is collected by the Library of Congress. The Map of East Indies shows China's national boundary extending from the mainland to the Beibu Gulf, across the South China Sea between the South China Sea Islands(China's Nanhai Zhudao) and neighboring regions(including the Indo-China Peninsula, Kalimantan Island, Palawan Island, and Luzon Island), and then onwards through the Bashi Channel. The Dongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, Nansha Islands, Huangyan Island(i.e., Nanshi), and Zengmu Reef in the southern part of the South China Sea are all enclosed within the national boundary. Thus, the enclosed waters are marked with the words "Republic of China", indicating Chinese sovereignty in the South China Sea. The U-boundary in the South China Sea depicted on the attached topographic map is not only presented by a continuous boundary map symbol but also overlain by the red line that represents the administrative boundary of China. Moreover, the names on the map within the boundary of China are given only in Chinese, while those outside China are given in both Chinese and English, emphasizing China's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. In particular, the names of the South China Sea Islands(China's Nanhai Zhudao) are all in Chinese on this map. There are 70 names(partially known as the old name) for parts of the South China Sea Islands on the map, all of which were listed in the Standard Geographical Names for Part of Nanhai Zhudao, which was published on the authority of the China Committee on Geographical Names in April 1983. The maritime boundaries on the map include not only the U-boundary line in the South China Sea but also the maritime boundary between Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. These maritime boundaries, like the national boundaries on the mainland, are all international boundaries that resulted from the victory of World Anti-fascist War in the East Indies region after World War II. Thus, the Map of East Indies, published shortly after the war, is an important historical map that provides clear proof that the U-boundary line is China's territorial border in the South China Sea. This study also compared the map with other historical maps, including Location Map of the South China Sea Islands(i.e., Nan Hai Zhu Dao Wei Zhi Tu) in A Brief Account of the Geography of the South China Sea Islands(i.e., Nan Hai Zhu Dao Di Li Zhi Lüe) and Map of the Administrative Districts of the Republic of China(i.e., Zhong Hua Min Guo Xing Zheng Qu Yu Tu). The results show that the part of the South China Sea on the map is consistent with Location Map of the South China Sea Islands, and Map of the Administrative Districts of the Republic of China, which were officially published by the Chinese government in 1947–1948. As another map featuring South China Sea Islands that uses an international boundary to represent the U-boundary in the South China Sea, the Map of East Indies affirms that China has indisputable sovereignty over the South China Sea islands, comprising the Dongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, and Nansha Islands. In summary, the Map of East Indies provides important evidence confirming that the U-boundary forms China's international boundary in the South China Sea.
In the recent investigation, Tang et al.(2018) discovered that the New Map of the People's Republic of China published in 1951 applies both a continuous national boundary line and an administrative region line to represent China's national U-shaped boundary line(U-boundary) in the South China Sea. Furthermore, we present the Map of East Indies as a supplementary material to illustrate the nature of the South China Sea U-boundary line. The Map of East Indies(1:6000000) was published by the Ya Kwang Geographical Institute(Ya Guang Yu Di Xue She) in 1948. It is a bilingual map of the East Indies in Chinese and English and is collected by the Library of Congress. The Map of East Indies shows China's national boundary extending from the mainland to the Beibu Gulf, across the South China Sea between the South China Sea Islands(China's Nanhai Zhudao) and neighboring regions(including the Indo-China Peninsula, Kalimantan Island, Palawan Island, and Luzon Island), and then onwards through the Bashi Channel. The Dongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, Nansha Islands, Huangyan Island(i.e., Nanshi), and Zengmu Reef in the southern part of the South China Sea are all enclosed within the national boundary. Thus, the enclosed waters are marked with the words "Republic of China", indicating Chinese sovereignty in the South China Sea. The U-boundary in the South China Sea depicted on the attached topographic map is not only presented by a continuous boundary map symbol but also overlain by the red line that represents the administrative boundary of China. Moreover, the names on the map within the boundary of China are given only in Chinese, while those outside China are given in both Chinese and English, emphasizing China's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. In particular, the names of the South China Sea Islands(China's Nanhai Zhudao) are all in Chinese on this map. There are 70 names(partially known as the old name) for parts of the South China Sea Islands on the map, all of which were listed in the Standard Geographical Names for Part of Nanhai Zhudao, which was published on the authority of the China Committee on Geographical Names in April 1983. The maritime boundaries on the map include not only the U-boundary line in the South China Sea but also the maritime boundary between Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. These maritime boundaries, like the national boundaries on the mainland, are all international boundaries that resulted from the victory of World Anti-fascist War in the East Indies region after World War II. Thus, the Map of East Indies, published shortly after the war, is an important historical map that provides clear proof that the U-boundary line is China's territorial border in the South China Sea. This study also compared the map with other historical maps, including Location Map of the South China Sea Islands(i.e., Nan Hai Zhu Dao Wei Zhi Tu) in A Brief Account of the Geography of the South China Sea Islands(i.e., Nan Hai Zhu Dao Di Li Zhi Lüe) and Map of the Administrative Districts of the Republic of China(i.e., Zhong Hua Min Guo Xing Zheng Qu Yu Tu). The results show that the part of the South China Sea on the map is consistent with Location Map of the South China Sea Islands, and Map of the Administrative Districts of the Republic of China, which were officially published by the Chinese government in 1947–1948. As another map featuring South China Sea Islands that uses an international boundary to represent the U-boundary in the South China Sea, the Map of East Indies affirms that China has indisputable sovereignty over the South China Sea islands, comprising the Dongsha Islands, Xisha Islands, Zhongsha Islands, and Nansha Islands. In summary, the Map of East Indies provides important evidence confirming that the U-boundary forms China's international boundary in the South China Sea.
引文