日粮中添加辣木提取物对AA肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究日粮中添加辣木提取物对AA肉鸡的生产性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、抗氧化性能及血清生化指标的影响,探讨辣木提取物作为饲料添加剂使用的有效性及最适添加量。试验选取1日龄AA肉鸡480只,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组饲喂无抗生素基础日粮;抗生素组饲喂基础日粮+50mg/kg金霉素;3个辣木提取物试验组在基础日粮中分别添加0.25、0.50、1.00g/kg辣木提取物。试验期42d,分为1～21d和22～42d两个阶段。结果显示:①与对照组相比,抗生素组显著提高了42日龄肉鸡体重及各阶段平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05)。添加0.25、0.50g/kg辣木提取物可显著提高42日龄肉鸡体重及1～42日龄ADG(P<0.05),其中添加0.50g/kg辣木提取物效果较好。各试验组平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)均无显著差异(P>0.05)。②各组肉鸡的屠宰性能与肉品质均无显著差异(P>0.05)。③与对照组相比,添加金霉素与0.50、1.00g/kg辣木提取物显著提高了肉鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05),其中0.50g/kg辣木提取物组作用效果最佳;与抗生素组相比,添加辣木提取物显著降低了血清丙二醛(MDA)含量。④与对照组相比,添加金霉素与辣木提取物组对肉鸡血清生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。⑤与对照组相比,添加0.25、0.50及1.00g/kg辣木提取物组肉鸡死淘率降低到1.04%、3.13%和2.08%。综上所述,肉鸡日粮中添加辣木提取物能够提高肉鸡的增重和抗氧化性能、降低肉鸡死淘率,其中添加0.50g/kg辣木提取物的效果最佳。
The study was to investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera Lam.extract(MOLE)on the production performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,antioxidant and serum biochemical indexes of AA broilers,and evaluate its availability as a feed additive and its optimal dosage.A total of 480 one-day-old healthy AA male broilers were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 16 broilers per replicate which were control group(basaldiet),antibiotic group(basal diet+50 mg/kg chlortetracycline)and 3 groups supplemented with MOLE of 0.25,0.50 and 1.00 g/kg in basal diet,respectively.The trial lasted for 42 days composed of two stages(1 to 21 dand 22 to 42 d).The results showed as follows:(1)Compared with the control group,the final body weight and ADG in antibiotic group were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the final body weight and ADG of 1 to 42 din 0.25 and 0.50 g/kg MOLE groups were significantly increased(P<0.05)and 0.50 g/kg MOLE had a better effect.There were no significant differences in ADFI or F/G among treatment groups(P>0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in the slaughter performance and meat quality among all groups(P>0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the T-AOC of broilers were significantly increased in antibiotic group and 0.50,1.00 g/kg MOLE groups(P<0.05),and 0.50 g/kg MOLE had a better effect.The serum MDA in MOLE groups were significant decreased compared with antibiotic group(P<0.05).(4)There was no significant difference in biochemical indices in serum among all groups(P>0.05).(5)0.25,0.50 and 1.00 g/kg MOLE supplementation decreased the death rate of broilers to 1.04%,3.13%and 2.08%.In conclusion,the supplementation of MOLE could improve weight gain and antioxidant capability,and reduce the death rate of the broilers.The optimal supplemental level of MOLE was 0.50 g/kg under the conditions of this experiment.
The study was to investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera Lam.extract(MOLE)on the production performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,antioxidant and serum biochemical indexes of AA broilers,and evaluate its availability as a feed additive and its optimal dosage.A total of 480 one-day-old healthy AA male broilers were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 16 broilers per replicate which were control group(basaldiet),antibiotic group(basal diet+50 mg/kg chlortetracycline)and 3 groups supplemented with MOLE of 0.25,0.50 and 1.00 g/kg in basal diet,respectively.The trial lasted for 42 days composed of two stages(1 to 21 dand 22 to 42 d).The results showed as follows:(1)Compared with the control group,the final body weight and ADG in antibiotic group were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the final body weight and ADG of 1 to 42 din 0.25 and 0.50 g/kg MOLE groups were significantly increased(P<0.05)and 0.50 g/kg MOLE had a better effect.There were no significant differences in ADFI or F/G among treatment groups(P>0.05).(2)There was no significant difference in the slaughter performance and meat quality among all groups(P>0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the T-AOC of broilers were significantly increased in antibiotic group and 0.50,1.00 g/kg MOLE groups(P<0.05),and 0.50 g/kg MOLE had a better effect.The serum MDA in MOLE groups were significant decreased compared with antibiotic group(P<0.05).(4)There was no significant difference in biochemical indices in serum among all groups(P>0.05).(5)0.25,0.50 and 1.00 g/kg MOLE supplementation decreased the death rate of broilers to 1.04%,3.13%and 2.08%.In conclusion,the supplementation of MOLE could improve weight gain and antioxidant capability,and reduce the death rate of the broilers.The optimal supplemental level of MOLE was 0.50 g/kg under the conditions of this experiment.
引文
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[12]陆唯.辣木叶对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和抗氧化性能的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2017.LU W.Effect of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera Lam.leaf on laying performance,egg quality and antioxidant capacity of laying hens[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2017.(in Chinese)
[13]OKE O E,ONABAJO A O,ABIOJA M O,et al.Effect of inclusion of Moringa oleiferaleaf on physiological responses of broiler chickens at finisher phase during hot-dry season[J].World Academy of Science,Engineering and Technology,International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering,2015,2(9):1-17.
[14]OLOGHOBO A D,AKANGBE E I,ADEJUMO I O,et al.Effect of Moringa oleiferaleaf meal as replacement for oxytetracycline on carcass characteristics of the diets of broiler chickens[J].Annual Research and Review in Biology,2014,4(2):423-431.
[15]ZANU H K,ASIEDU P,TAMPUORI M,et al.Possibilities of using Moringa(Moringa oleifera)leaf meal as a partial substitute for fishmeal in broiler chickens diet[J].Journal of Animal Feed Resources,2012,2(1):70-75.
[16]ASAFA A R,OLOGHOBO A D,ADEJUMO I O,et al.Performance and carcass characteristics of broiler finishers fed different levels of poultry offal meal and crayfish waste meal as replacement for fishmeal[J].American Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2012,4:690-699.
[17]RICHTER N,SIDDHURAJU P,BECKER K.Evaluation of nutritional quality of Moringa(Moringa oleifera Lam.)leaves as an alternative protein source for Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus L.)[J].Aquaculture,2003,217(1):599-611.
[18]张幸怡,李洋,林聪,等.辣木叶粉对大鼠生长性能、血液与肝脏抗氧化及免疫指标的影响[J].天然产物研究与开发,2016,28(11):1724-1731.ZHANG X Y,LI Y,LIN C,et al.Effects of Moringa oleifera leaves on growth performance,antioxidant and immunity function of blood and liver in Sprague Dawley rats[J].Natural Product Research and Development,2016,28(11):1724-1731.(in Chinese)
[19]彭众,董丽,王淑楠,等.日粮中添加屎肠球菌对AA肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数和血液脂质代谢相关指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(6):1502-1509.PENG Z,DONG L,WANG S N,et al.Effects of Enterococcus faecium on production performance,immune organ indexes and blood lipid metabolism-related indexes in AA broilers[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(6):1502-1509.(in Chinese)
[20]EWUOLA E O,JIMOH O A,ATUMA O V,et al.Haematological and serum biochemical response of growing rabbits fed graded levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal extract[A].Proceedings 10th World Rabbit Congress[C].2012.
[21]张幸怡,林聪,李洋,等.辣木梗叶对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(2):628-635.ZHANG X Y,LIN C,LI Y,et al.Effects of Moringa oleiferaleaves and peduncles on production performance,and plasma biochemical,antioxidant and immune indexes in dairy cows[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29(2):628-635.(in Chinese)
[22]MBIKAY M.Therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera leaves inchronic hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia:A review[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology,2012,3:24.
[23]FAHEY J W.Moringa oleifera:A review of the medical evidence for its nutritional,therapeutic,and prophylactic properties[J].Trees Life Journal,2005,1(5):1-15.
[24]杨倩,田雪梅,张晓文,等.辣木提取物降脂作用的研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(3):963-967.YANG Q,TIAN X M,ZHANG X W,et al.Serum hypolipidemic effect of Moringa oleifera Lam.extract[J].Journal of Food Safety&Quality,2017,8(3):963-967.(in Chinese)
[2]周永萍,吴秀刚,师树新,等.辣木的应用价值及开发前景[J].现代农村科技,2016,23:33.ZHOU Y P,WU X G,SHI S X,et al.The application value and development prospect of Moringa[J].Modern Rural Technology,2016,23:33.(in Chinese)
[3]邓卫利,林葵,黄一帆,等.辣木粉主要营养成分分析研究[J].食品研究与开发,2017,28(13):158-161.DENG W L,LIN K,HUANG Y F,et al.Analysis of main nutrients in Moringa oleifera Lam.[J].Food Research and Development,2017,28(13):158-161.(in Chinese)
[4]WORKU A.Moringa oleifera as a potential feed for livestock and aquaculture industry[J].African Journal of Agricultural Science Technology,2016,4(4):666-676.
[5]刘凤霞,王苗苗,赵有为,等.辣木中功能性成分提取及产品开发的研究进展[J].食品科学,2015,36(19):282-284.LIU F X,WANG M M,ZHAO Y W,et al.Extraction of functional components from Moringa oleifera and development of Moringa oleifera-based products[J].Food Science,2015,36(19):282-284.(in Chinese)
[6]DILLARD C J,GERMAN J B.Phytochemicals:Nutraceuticals and human health[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2000,80:1744-1756.
[7]张婧.辣木组织培养及有效成分分析[D].福州:福建农林大学,2013.ZHANG J.The study on the tissue culture system and determine the effective content of Moringa oleifera[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2013.(in Chinese)
[8]FAIZI S,SIDDIQUI B S,SALEEM R,et al.Solation and structure elucidation of new nitrile and mustard oil glycosides from Moringa oleifera and their effect on blood pressure[J].Journal of Natural Products,1994,57:1256-1261.
[9]TAHILIANI P,KAR A.Role of Moringaoleifera leaf extract in the regulation of thyroid hormone status in adult male and female rats[J].Pharmacological Research,2000,41(3):319-323.
[10]SAFA M A,TAZI E.Effect of feeding different levels of Moringa oleiferaleaf meal on the performance and carcass quality of broiler chicks[J].International Journal of Science and Research,2012,3(5):147-151.
[11]KAKENGI A M V,SHEM M N,SARWATT S V,et al.Can Moringa oleifera be used as a protein supplement for ruminants?[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2005,18(1):42-47.
[12]陆唯.辣木叶对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和抗氧化性能的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2017.LU W.Effect of dietary supplementation of Moringa oleifera Lam.leaf on laying performance,egg quality and antioxidant capacity of laying hens[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2017.(in Chinese)
[13]OKE O E,ONABAJO A O,ABIOJA M O,et al.Effect of inclusion of Moringa oleiferaleaf on physiological responses of broiler chickens at finisher phase during hot-dry season[J].World Academy of Science,Engineering and Technology,International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering,2015,2(9):1-17.
[14]OLOGHOBO A D,AKANGBE E I,ADEJUMO I O,et al.Effect of Moringa oleiferaleaf meal as replacement for oxytetracycline on carcass characteristics of the diets of broiler chickens[J].Annual Research and Review in Biology,2014,4(2):423-431.
[15]ZANU H K,ASIEDU P,TAMPUORI M,et al.Possibilities of using Moringa(Moringa oleifera)leaf meal as a partial substitute for fishmeal in broiler chickens diet[J].Journal of Animal Feed Resources,2012,2(1):70-75.
[16]ASAFA A R,OLOGHOBO A D,ADEJUMO I O,et al.Performance and carcass characteristics of broiler finishers fed different levels of poultry offal meal and crayfish waste meal as replacement for fishmeal[J].American Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2012,4:690-699.
[17]RICHTER N,SIDDHURAJU P,BECKER K.Evaluation of nutritional quality of Moringa(Moringa oleifera Lam.)leaves as an alternative protein source for Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus L.)[J].Aquaculture,2003,217(1):599-611.
[18]张幸怡,李洋,林聪,等.辣木叶粉对大鼠生长性能、血液与肝脏抗氧化及免疫指标的影响[J].天然产物研究与开发,2016,28(11):1724-1731.ZHANG X Y,LI Y,LIN C,et al.Effects of Moringa oleifera leaves on growth performance,antioxidant and immunity function of blood and liver in Sprague Dawley rats[J].Natural Product Research and Development,2016,28(11):1724-1731.(in Chinese)
[19]彭众,董丽,王淑楠,等.日粮中添加屎肠球菌对AA肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数和血液脂质代谢相关指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(6):1502-1509.PENG Z,DONG L,WANG S N,et al.Effects of Enterococcus faecium on production performance,immune organ indexes and blood lipid metabolism-related indexes in AA broilers[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(6):1502-1509.(in Chinese)
[20]EWUOLA E O,JIMOH O A,ATUMA O V,et al.Haematological and serum biochemical response of growing rabbits fed graded levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal extract[A].Proceedings 10th World Rabbit Congress[C].2012.
[21]张幸怡,林聪,李洋,等.辣木梗叶对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(2):628-635.ZHANG X Y,LIN C,LI Y,et al.Effects of Moringa oleiferaleaves and peduncles on production performance,and plasma biochemical,antioxidant and immune indexes in dairy cows[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2017,29(2):628-635.(in Chinese)
[22]MBIKAY M.Therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera leaves inchronic hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia:A review[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology,2012,3:24.
[23]FAHEY J W.Moringa oleifera:A review of the medical evidence for its nutritional,therapeutic,and prophylactic properties[J].Trees Life Journal,2005,1(5):1-15.
[24]杨倩,田雪梅,张晓文,等.辣木提取物降脂作用的研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(3):963-967.YANG Q,TIAN X M,ZHANG X W,et al.Serum hypolipidemic effect of Moringa oleifera Lam.extract[J].Journal of Food Safety&Quality,2017,8(3):963-967.(in Chinese)
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