基因编辑婴儿的伦理、法律和社会蕴含
|
摘要
同试管婴儿、克隆人、商业化代孕、干细胞治疗等医疗新技术引发的伦理争议相比,贺建奎基因编辑婴儿事件引发的关注更大、社会反响更为猛烈。探讨贺建奎基因编辑婴儿事件引发国际国内热议的原因,讨论了基因编辑婴儿的伦理、法律和社会蕴含。建议明确界定基因编辑技术的适用对象和范围,建立健全新型医疗技术临床应用的伦理审查和监管体系,提升全社会的伦理意识。
He Jiankui's event of genome editing infant has attracted more attention than other novel medical technologies such as IVF,human cloning, commercial surrogacy, stem cell therapy, and brain-machine interface. This paper discusses the reasons of the great influence of this event, as well as the ethical, legal and social implications of genome editing infant. This paper proposes that the applicable objects and the scopes of germline gene editing technology should be clearly defined; the state should accelerate the establishment and improvement of an ethical review and supervision system for the clinical application of novel medical technologies; and the ethical consciousness of the whole society need to be highly emphasized.
He Jiankui's event of genome editing infant has attracted more attention than other novel medical technologies such as IVF,human cloning, commercial surrogacy, stem cell therapy, and brain-machine interface. This paper discusses the reasons of the great influence of this event, as well as the ethical, legal and social implications of genome editing infant. This paper proposes that the applicable objects and the scopes of germline gene editing technology should be clearly defined; the state should accelerate the establishment and improvement of an ethical review and supervision system for the clinical application of novel medical technologies; and the ethical consciousness of the whole society need to be highly emphasized.
引文
[1]张新庆.CRISPR-Cas技术临床研究之风险-收益分析[J].科学与社会,2016,6(3):12-21.
[2]Wikler D.Can we learn from eugenics[J].Journal of Medical Ethics,1999,25:183-194.
[3]Jin J.An evaluation of the ethical,legal and social implications program of the U.S.human genome project[J].Princeton Journal of Bioethics,2000,3(1):35.
[4]张新庆.暂缓编辑人类胚胎基因之伦理论证[J].科技导报,2015,33(9):12.
[5]Nuffield Council on Bioethics.Genome editing and human reproduction:Social and ethical issues[R].London:Nuffield Council on Bioethics,2018:96-97.
[6]毛雪梅,王清,杨红俊.促进艾滋病母婴阻断成功的综合干预措施及效果分析[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(18):4716-4718.
[7]贺建奎:“如果是我的孩子,会让他第一个参与试验”[EB/OL].(2018-11-28)[2018-12-08].https://new.qq.com/omn/20181128/20181128A0YX69.html.
[8]贺建奎基因编辑项目知情同意书流出,称经费来自南科大[EB/OL].(2018-11-27)[2019-02-28].http://www.sohu.com/a/278153088_161795.
[9]Fenech L.Creating the perfect human race:How far will we go for designer families[J].Family Court Review,2018,56(1):150-164.
[10]Olson S.International summit on human gene editing:A global discussion[J].The National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine,2015(11):1-3.
[11]Dzau V J,McNutt M,Bai C.Wake-up call from Hong Kong[J].Science,2018:362:1215.
[12]Evitt N H,Mascharak S,Altman R B.Human germline CRIS-PR-Cas modification:Toward a regulatory framework[J].The American Journal of Bioethics,2015,15(12):5.
[2]Wikler D.Can we learn from eugenics[J].Journal of Medical Ethics,1999,25:183-194.
[3]Jin J.An evaluation of the ethical,legal and social implications program of the U.S.human genome project[J].Princeton Journal of Bioethics,2000,3(1):35.
[4]张新庆.暂缓编辑人类胚胎基因之伦理论证[J].科技导报,2015,33(9):12.
[5]Nuffield Council on Bioethics.Genome editing and human reproduction:Social and ethical issues[R].London:Nuffield Council on Bioethics,2018:96-97.
[6]毛雪梅,王清,杨红俊.促进艾滋病母婴阻断成功的综合干预措施及效果分析[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(18):4716-4718.
[7]贺建奎:“如果是我的孩子,会让他第一个参与试验”[EB/OL].(2018-11-28)[2018-12-08].https://new.qq.com/omn/20181128/20181128A0YX69.html.
[8]贺建奎基因编辑项目知情同意书流出,称经费来自南科大[EB/OL].(2018-11-27)[2019-02-28].http://www.sohu.com/a/278153088_161795.
[9]Fenech L.Creating the perfect human race:How far will we go for designer families[J].Family Court Review,2018,56(1):150-164.
[10]Olson S.International summit on human gene editing:A global discussion[J].The National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine,2015(11):1-3.
[11]Dzau V J,McNutt M,Bai C.Wake-up call from Hong Kong[J].Science,2018:362:1215.
[12]Evitt N H,Mascharak S,Altman R B.Human germline CRIS-PR-Cas modification:Toward a regulatory framework[J].The American Journal of Bioethics,2015,15(12):5.