巨型蠕滑滑坡滑带土特征强度特性试验研究
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摘要
金坪子滑坡是一个位于金沙江右岸、上距乌东德水电站约900 m、总体积约6.25×108m3的具有典型蠕滑特点的滑坡。为了进一步弄清控制该滑坡活动模式的内在机理,通过不同黏粒含量下滑带土的反复剪切试验,研究了滑坡滑带土的残余、峰值强度特性,以期为同类滑坡的防护和治理提供参考依据。研究结果显示,随着黏粒含量的增加,滑带土应变软化现象更加明显;而滑带土残余强度、峰值强度随着黏粒含量的增加,呈现非线性降低规律,但降低幅度随正压力的增大而增大;同时,残余内摩擦角、峰值内摩擦角与黏粒含量存在良好线性负相关关系,而残余黏聚力与峰值黏聚力随黏粒含量增加呈波动性增大,但在黏粒含量40%处出现一定降低幅度。关于黏聚力的波动性降低趋势,究其原因可能在于黏粒周围强结合水的分布对滑带土强度特性,尤其是黏聚力存在临界影响。本文数据和结论对金坪子滑坡的防护和治理以及不同粒径下蠕滑滑坡失稳演化进程有重要的借鉴意义。
The Jinpingzi landslide is a typical creep landslide with total volume of about 6. 25×108 m3 on the right bank of the Jinsha River,about 900 m from dam of Wudongde hydropower Station. This paper further clarifies the internal mechanism controlling the activity pattern of the landslide,the characteristics of residual strength and the peak strength of slip zone. It provides references for the protection and management of similar landslides. It employs a series of repeated shear tests under different clay contents. It is found that the strain-softening phenomenon of sliding zone soil is becoming more obvious as clay content increases. The residual strength and peak strength of sliding zone soil show a nonlinear decrease law as clay content increases,but the decreased degree increases as normal stress increases. Meanwhile,the residual internal friction angle and peak internal friction angle have a goodlinear negative correlation with the clay content. The peak cohesion and residual cohesion increase as clay content increases,but there is a decrease at clay content 40%. The reason for the decreasing tendency of the cohesion may be that the distribution of bound water around the clay particles has a critical effect on the strength characteristics of the slip zone,especially for the cohesion. Data and results of this paper have important significance to the protection and management of Jingpingzi landslide and the evolution process of creep landslides under different particle sizes.
The Jinpingzi landslide is a typical creep landslide with total volume of about 6. 25×108 m3 on the right bank of the Jinsha River,about 900 m from dam of Wudongde hydropower Station. This paper further clarifies the internal mechanism controlling the activity pattern of the landslide,the characteristics of residual strength and the peak strength of slip zone. It provides references for the protection and management of similar landslides. It employs a series of repeated shear tests under different clay contents. It is found that the strain-softening phenomenon of sliding zone soil is becoming more obvious as clay content increases. The residual strength and peak strength of sliding zone soil show a nonlinear decrease law as clay content increases,but the decreased degree increases as normal stress increases. Meanwhile,the residual internal friction angle and peak internal friction angle have a goodlinear negative correlation with the clay content. The peak cohesion and residual cohesion increase as clay content increases,but there is a decrease at clay content 40%. The reason for the decreasing tendency of the cohesion may be that the distribution of bound water around the clay particles has a critical effect on the strength characteristics of the slip zone,especially for the cohesion. Data and results of this paper have important significance to the protection and management of Jingpingzi landslide and the evolution process of creep landslides under different particle sizes.
引文
Cheng D X,Liu D A,Ding E B,et al.2005.Study on attenuation characteristics of long-term strength for landslide soil[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,24(S2):5827-5834.
Dong J Y,Zheng Z G,Zhao Z Q,et al.2016.Experimental study on the decrease regularity of the strength parameters of slip soil because of the influence of moisture[J].Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(Natural Science Edition),37(2):83-86.
Frydman S,Talesnick M,Geffen S,et al.2007.Landslides and residual strength in marl profiles in Israel[J].Engineering Geology,89(1):36-46.
Ham G V D,Rohn J,Meier T,et al.2006.A method for modeling of a creeping slope with a visco-hypoplastic material law[J].Mathematical Geology,38(6):711-719.
He K Q,Chen W G,Zhang P.2016.Real-time monitoring of dynamic stability coefficient and displacement criterion of the creep slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,35(7):1377-1385.
Huang Z Q,Zhang C C,Jiang T,et al.2002.Synergeti一bifurcated model of landslide prediction and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,21(4):498-501.
Jiang S,Wang Y F,Tang C,et al.2017.Preliminary study of the creep mechanism of Jingpingzi zoneⅡslow moving landslide in lower reaches of Jinsha River[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,25(6):1547-1556.
Jiang X Z,Wen B P.2015.Creep behavior of slip zone of reactivated slow-moving landslide and its characteristic strength[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,36(2):495-501.
Jiang X Z.2015.Research on creep behavior and nonlinear rheology constitutive model of giant slow-moving landslides'slip zone[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences Beijing.
Li X,Liang S Y,Zheng G D.2010.Progresses in sling zone soil of Landslides[J].Advances in Earth Science,25(5):484-491.
Liu D.2014.Analysis of the progressive failure of slope based on shear strength character of slip zone soils[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University.
Liu D,Chen X P.2014.Laboratory test and parameter back analysis of residual strength of slip zone soils[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),42(2):81-87.
Liu M,Zhao Q H.2010.Influencing factors on shear strength of slide soils and their variation rules[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,8(6):123-126,142.
Liu X L,Deng J H,Li G T.2004.Shear strength properties of slip soils of landslide:An overview[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,25(11):1849-1854.
Qiang F,Li P,Li T L.2014.Comparative test study between fully softened and residual strength of loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,22(5):832-838.
Skempton A W.1985.Residual strength of clays in landslides,folded strata and the laboratory[J].Géotechnique,35(1):3-18.
Stark T D,Hussain M.2012.Empirical Correlations:Drained shear strength for slope stability analysis[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,139(6):853-862.
Tan W H,Ren F H,Miao S J.2007.Influence of parameters of peak strength and residual strength on the reinforcement of slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,28(S1):616-618.
Tang H M,Lu S.2018.Research on the spatial distribution of slip zone of Huangtupo langdslide in Three Gorges Reservoir area[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,26(1):129-136.
Wang L N.2017.Residual strength behavior of slip soils under different moisture contents and shearing rates[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Wuhan.
Wen B P,Aydin A,Li Y R,et al.2007.Residual strength of slip zones of large landslides in the Three Gorges area,China[J].Engineering Geology,93(3):82-98.
Wen B P,Aydin A.2005.Mechanism of a rainfall-induced slide-debris flow:constraints from microstructure of its slip zone[J].Engineering Geology,78(1):69-88.
Xu Q.2012.Theoretical studies on prediction of landslides using slope deformation process data[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,20(2):145-151.
Zhang X L,Zhou J,Huang Z Q,et al.2016.Experimental study on effect of clay content on shear strength of expansive soil at ci county[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,24(1):109-115.
Zhao N H,Yi Q L,Hu D R.2014.Physical and mechanical properties of sliding-zone soil and mechanism of its action on landslide deformation[J].Yangtze River,45(13):32-36.
Zhou P G.1998.Estimation method of strength parameters of sliding zone soils[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,25(6):30-32,58.
程东幸,刘大安,丁恩保,等.2005.滑带土长期强度参数的衰减特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,24(S2):5827-5834.
董金玉,郑珠光,赵志强,等.2016.滑带土强度参数的水致弱化规律试验研究[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),37(2):83-86.
贺可强,陈为公,张朋.2016.蠕滑型边坡动态稳定性系数实时监测及其位移预警判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,35(7):1377-1385.
黄志全,张长存,姜彤,等.2002.滑坡预报的协同-分岔模型及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,21(4):498-501.
蒋树,王义锋,唐川,等.2017.金沙江下游金坪子Ⅱ区低速滑坡活动机理初探[J].工程地质学报,25(6):1547-1556.
蒋秀姿,文宝萍.2015.缓慢复活型滑坡滑带土的蠕变性质与特征强度试验研究[J].岩土力学,36(2):495-501.
蒋秀姿.2015.巨型低速滑坡滑带土蠕变行为与非线性本构模型研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京).
李晓,梁收运,郑国东.2010.滑带土的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,25(5):484-491.
刘动,陈晓平.2014.滑带土残余强度的室内试验与参数反分析[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),42(2):81-87.
刘动.2014.基于滑带土剪切强度特性的边坡渐进性破坏研究[D].广州:暨南大学.
刘茂,赵其华.2010.滑带土抗剪强度影响因素及其变化规律综述[J].水利与建筑工程学报,8(6):123-126,142.
刘小丽,邓建辉,李广涛.2004.滑带土强度特性研究现状[J].岩土力学,25(11):1849-1854.
强菲,李萍,李同录.2014.黄土完全软化强度与残余强度的对比试验研究[J].工程地质学报,22(5):832-838.
谭文辉,任奋华,苗胜军.2007.峰值强度与残余强度对边坡加固的影响研究[J].岩土力学,28(S1):616-618.
唐辉明,鲁莎.2018.三峡库区黄土坡滑坡滑带空间分布特征研究[J].工程地质学报,26(1):129-136.
王鲁男.2017.不同含水率与剪切速率下滑带土残余强度特性研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉).
许强.2012.滑坡的变形破坏行为与内在机理[J].工程地质学报,20(2):145-151.
张晓丽,周进,黄志全,等.2016.黏粒含量对磁县段膨胀土抗剪强度影响的试验研究[J].工程地质学报,24(1):109-115.
赵能浩,易庆林,胡大儒.2014.滑带土力学性质及其对滑坡的控制机理研究[J].人民长江,45(13):32-36.
周平根.1998.滑带土强度参数的估算方法[J].水文地质工程地质,25(6):30-32,58.
Dong J Y,Zheng Z G,Zhao Z Q,et al.2016.Experimental study on the decrease regularity of the strength parameters of slip soil because of the influence of moisture[J].Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(Natural Science Edition),37(2):83-86.
Frydman S,Talesnick M,Geffen S,et al.2007.Landslides and residual strength in marl profiles in Israel[J].Engineering Geology,89(1):36-46.
Ham G V D,Rohn J,Meier T,et al.2006.A method for modeling of a creeping slope with a visco-hypoplastic material law[J].Mathematical Geology,38(6):711-719.
He K Q,Chen W G,Zhang P.2016.Real-time monitoring of dynamic stability coefficient and displacement criterion of the creep slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,35(7):1377-1385.
Huang Z Q,Zhang C C,Jiang T,et al.2002.Synergeti一bifurcated model of landslide prediction and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,21(4):498-501.
Jiang S,Wang Y F,Tang C,et al.2017.Preliminary study of the creep mechanism of Jingpingzi zoneⅡslow moving landslide in lower reaches of Jinsha River[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,25(6):1547-1556.
Jiang X Z,Wen B P.2015.Creep behavior of slip zone of reactivated slow-moving landslide and its characteristic strength[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,36(2):495-501.
Jiang X Z.2015.Research on creep behavior and nonlinear rheology constitutive model of giant slow-moving landslides'slip zone[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences Beijing.
Li X,Liang S Y,Zheng G D.2010.Progresses in sling zone soil of Landslides[J].Advances in Earth Science,25(5):484-491.
Liu D.2014.Analysis of the progressive failure of slope based on shear strength character of slip zone soils[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University.
Liu D,Chen X P.2014.Laboratory test and parameter back analysis of residual strength of slip zone soils[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),42(2):81-87.
Liu M,Zhao Q H.2010.Influencing factors on shear strength of slide soils and their variation rules[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,8(6):123-126,142.
Liu X L,Deng J H,Li G T.2004.Shear strength properties of slip soils of landslide:An overview[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,25(11):1849-1854.
Qiang F,Li P,Li T L.2014.Comparative test study between fully softened and residual strength of loess[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,22(5):832-838.
Skempton A W.1985.Residual strength of clays in landslides,folded strata and the laboratory[J].Géotechnique,35(1):3-18.
Stark T D,Hussain M.2012.Empirical Correlations:Drained shear strength for slope stability analysis[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,139(6):853-862.
Tan W H,Ren F H,Miao S J.2007.Influence of parameters of peak strength and residual strength on the reinforcement of slopes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,28(S1):616-618.
Tang H M,Lu S.2018.Research on the spatial distribution of slip zone of Huangtupo langdslide in Three Gorges Reservoir area[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,26(1):129-136.
Wang L N.2017.Residual strength behavior of slip soils under different moisture contents and shearing rates[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Wuhan.
Wen B P,Aydin A,Li Y R,et al.2007.Residual strength of slip zones of large landslides in the Three Gorges area,China[J].Engineering Geology,93(3):82-98.
Wen B P,Aydin A.2005.Mechanism of a rainfall-induced slide-debris flow:constraints from microstructure of its slip zone[J].Engineering Geology,78(1):69-88.
Xu Q.2012.Theoretical studies on prediction of landslides using slope deformation process data[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,20(2):145-151.
Zhang X L,Zhou J,Huang Z Q,et al.2016.Experimental study on effect of clay content on shear strength of expansive soil at ci county[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,24(1):109-115.
Zhao N H,Yi Q L,Hu D R.2014.Physical and mechanical properties of sliding-zone soil and mechanism of its action on landslide deformation[J].Yangtze River,45(13):32-36.
Zhou P G.1998.Estimation method of strength parameters of sliding zone soils[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,25(6):30-32,58.
程东幸,刘大安,丁恩保,等.2005.滑带土长期强度参数的衰减特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,24(S2):5827-5834.
董金玉,郑珠光,赵志强,等.2016.滑带土强度参数的水致弱化规律试验研究[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),37(2):83-86.
贺可强,陈为公,张朋.2016.蠕滑型边坡动态稳定性系数实时监测及其位移预警判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,35(7):1377-1385.
黄志全,张长存,姜彤,等.2002.滑坡预报的协同-分岔模型及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,21(4):498-501.
蒋树,王义锋,唐川,等.2017.金沙江下游金坪子Ⅱ区低速滑坡活动机理初探[J].工程地质学报,25(6):1547-1556.
蒋秀姿,文宝萍.2015.缓慢复活型滑坡滑带土的蠕变性质与特征强度试验研究[J].岩土力学,36(2):495-501.
蒋秀姿.2015.巨型低速滑坡滑带土蠕变行为与非线性本构模型研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京).
李晓,梁收运,郑国东.2010.滑带土的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,25(5):484-491.
刘动,陈晓平.2014.滑带土残余强度的室内试验与参数反分析[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),42(2):81-87.
刘动.2014.基于滑带土剪切强度特性的边坡渐进性破坏研究[D].广州:暨南大学.
刘茂,赵其华.2010.滑带土抗剪强度影响因素及其变化规律综述[J].水利与建筑工程学报,8(6):123-126,142.
刘小丽,邓建辉,李广涛.2004.滑带土强度特性研究现状[J].岩土力学,25(11):1849-1854.
强菲,李萍,李同录.2014.黄土完全软化强度与残余强度的对比试验研究[J].工程地质学报,22(5):832-838.
谭文辉,任奋华,苗胜军.2007.峰值强度与残余强度对边坡加固的影响研究[J].岩土力学,28(S1):616-618.
唐辉明,鲁莎.2018.三峡库区黄土坡滑坡滑带空间分布特征研究[J].工程地质学报,26(1):129-136.
王鲁男.2017.不同含水率与剪切速率下滑带土残余强度特性研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉).
许强.2012.滑坡的变形破坏行为与内在机理[J].工程地质学报,20(2):145-151.
张晓丽,周进,黄志全,等.2016.黏粒含量对磁县段膨胀土抗剪强度影响的试验研究[J].工程地质学报,24(1):109-115.
赵能浩,易庆林,胡大儒.2014.滑带土力学性质及其对滑坡的控制机理研究[J].人民长江,45(13):32-36.
周平根.1998.滑带土强度参数的估算方法[J].水文地质工程地质,25(6):30-32,58.
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