对流层映射函数对山东地区GPS解算的影响分析
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摘要
映射函数是对流层延迟改正中的重要组成部分,是将天顶方向延迟量准确转化为信号传播路径方向的关键。选择一个合适的映射函数对于提高数据处理的精度具有十分重要的意义。分别选取了山东地区的90个左右CORS站点及周边的6个IGS站(BJFS、 CHAN、 CHAO、 WUHN、 SUWN、 DAEJ)的2012年1、 4、 7和10月份的各7天的数据,通过对比在不同高度角下3种映射函数的解算精度,分析了GMF、 NMF、 VMF1三种映射函数在山东地区对GPS定位精度及可降水量解算精度的影响。结果表明,在处理山东地区的GPS数据时,当卫星高度角小于15°时,GMF的解算精度略优于其他两者,但3种映射函数的解算精度差别不大;当高度角大于15°时,使用NMF得到的结果的精度略优于其他两者;同时还发现高度角为10°时解算精度最好并且随着高度角的增加,3种映射函数的解算精度也随之变差;因此,在高精度数据处理时,建议将卫星高度角设置为10°,并使用GMF映射函数。
The mapping function as an important part of tropospheric delay correction is one of the keys to map the zenith delay into the signal propagation path accurately. Selecting a suitable mapping function has great significance for data processing. Some CORS data and some surrounding IGS data were used to analyze the influence of the tropospheric mapping function on GPS data processing and estimating PWV(precipitable water vapor)over Shandong. When the cut-off satellite elevation angle is set to be less than 15 degrees, the solution accuracy of GMF is slightly better than that of the other two. When the elevation angle is greater than 15 degrees, the solution for using NMF is better than those using GMF and VMF1. It is also found that the solutions of three mapping functions become worse along with increasing elevation angle. In the high precision data processing, it is recommended that the cut-off elevation angle set to 10 degrees with the use of GMF.
The mapping function as an important part of tropospheric delay correction is one of the keys to map the zenith delay into the signal propagation path accurately. Selecting a suitable mapping function has great significance for data processing. Some CORS data and some surrounding IGS data were used to analyze the influence of the tropospheric mapping function on GPS data processing and estimating PWV(precipitable water vapor)over Shandong. When the cut-off satellite elevation angle is set to be less than 15 degrees, the solution accuracy of GMF is slightly better than that of the other two. When the elevation angle is greater than 15 degrees, the solution for using NMF is better than those using GMF and VMF1. It is also found that the solutions of three mapping functions become worse along with increasing elevation angle. In the high precision data processing, it is recommended that the cut-off elevation angle set to 10 degrees with the use of GMF.
引文
[1]陈猛,陈俊平,胡丛玮.对流层模型评估及其在GNSS精密单点定位中的应用[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(3):229-234.
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[3]姚宜斌,胡羽丰,余琛.一种改进的全球对流层天顶延迟模型[J].测绘学报,2015,44(3):242-249.
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[11]郭际明,章迪,史俊波,等.利用射线追踪法分析三种典型对流层映射函数在中国区域的精度[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40 (2):182-187.
[12]张海平,高士民,周长志,等.SDCORS系统测试与技术性能分析[J].全球定位系统,2013,38(3):61-64.
[13]Li W,Guo J,Yu X,et al.Analysis of ionospheric anomaly preceding the Mw7.3 Yutian earthquake [J].Geodesy and Geodynamics,2014,5(2):54-60.
[14]Niell A E.Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths [J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,101(B2):3227-3246.
[15]Boehm J,Niell A,Tregoning P,et al.Global Mapping Function (GMF):a new empirical mapping function based on numerical weather model data [J].Geophysical Research Letters,2006,33(7):L07304,DOI:10.1029/2005GL025546,2006.
[16]Gegout P,Biancale R,Soudarin L.Adaptive mapping function to the azimuthal anisotropy of the neutral atmosphere [J].Journal of Geodesy,2011,85(10):661-667.
[17]Tuka A,El-Mowafy A.Performance evaluation of different troposphere delay models and mapping function [J].Measurement,2013,46(2):928-937.
[18]Kouba J.Implementation and testing of the gridded Vienna Mapping Function1 (VMF1) [J].Journal of Geodesy,2008,82(4):193-205.
[19]姜英明,郭金运,刘智敏,等.利用SDCORS数据建立山东区域动态坐标参考框架[J].北京测绘,2015(5):31-34.
[20]Saastamoinen J.Contributions to the theory of atmospheric refraction—Part Ⅱ.Reflaction corrections in satelite geodesy [J].Bulletin Geodesique,1973,107(1):13-34.
[21]李峰.GAMIT与Bernese软件在高精度GPS数据处理中的应用分析[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.
[22]朱爽,杨国华,占伟.GPS数据解算过程中相关问题研究[J].地震,2014,34(4):61-69.
[23]刘严萍,张飞涟,孙晓.地基GPS可降水量用于2011年北京暴雨监测[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2013,33(2):63-66.
[24]周茂盛,郭金运,姜英明,等.基于区域CORS的可降水汽含量反演及其精度分析[J].全球定位系统,2016,41(4):6-11.
[25]刘智敏,窦世标,李斐,等.青岛CORS站与探空站获取的大气可降水量对比分析[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(1):21-28.
[26]刘智敏,窦世标,黄超,等.基于单站CORS的台风麦德姆造成的降水量分析[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(5):56-60.
[2]Lagler K,Schindelegger M,B?hm J et al.GPT2:empirical slant delay model for radio space geodetic techniques [J].Geophysical Research Letters,2013,40(6):1069-1073.
[3]姚宜斌,胡羽丰,余琛.一种改进的全球对流层天顶延迟模型[J].测绘学报,2015,44(3):242-249.
[4]Xu A G,Xu Z Q,Ge M R,et al.Estimating zenith tropospheric delays from BeiDou navigation satellite system observations [J].Sensors,2013,13(4):4514-4526.
[5]B?hm J,Werl B,Schuh H.Troposphere mapping functions for GPS and VLBI from ECMWF operational analysis data [J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2006,111:B02406.DOI:10.1029/2005JB003629.
[6]Younes S A,Elmezayen A G.A comprehensive comparsion of atmospheric mapping functions for GPS measurements in Egypt [J].Journal of Geodetic Science,2012,21(3):216-223.DOI:10.2478/v10156-011-0042-7.
[7]蒋光伟,田晓静,王斌,等.高精度GNSS服务中对流层映射函数的影响性分析[J].测绘工程,2013,22(5):13-15.
[8]王君刚,陈俊平,王解先.GNSS对流层延迟映射模型分析[J].天文学进展,2014,32(3):383-394.
[9]李斐,张卿川,张胜凯,等.对流层映射函数对南极地区GPS基线解算的影响[J].测绘通报,2015(12):5-9.
[10]Shi J B,Xu C Q,Guo J M,et al.Local troposphere augmentation for real-time precise point positioning [J].Earth,Planets and Space,2014,66:30.http://www.earth-planets-space.com/66/1/30.
[11]郭际明,章迪,史俊波,等.利用射线追踪法分析三种典型对流层映射函数在中国区域的精度[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40 (2):182-187.
[12]张海平,高士民,周长志,等.SDCORS系统测试与技术性能分析[J].全球定位系统,2013,38(3):61-64.
[13]Li W,Guo J,Yu X,et al.Analysis of ionospheric anomaly preceding the Mw7.3 Yutian earthquake [J].Geodesy and Geodynamics,2014,5(2):54-60.
[14]Niell A E.Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths [J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,101(B2):3227-3246.
[15]Boehm J,Niell A,Tregoning P,et al.Global Mapping Function (GMF):a new empirical mapping function based on numerical weather model data [J].Geophysical Research Letters,2006,33(7):L07304,DOI:10.1029/2005GL025546,2006.
[16]Gegout P,Biancale R,Soudarin L.Adaptive mapping function to the azimuthal anisotropy of the neutral atmosphere [J].Journal of Geodesy,2011,85(10):661-667.
[17]Tuka A,El-Mowafy A.Performance evaluation of different troposphere delay models and mapping function [J].Measurement,2013,46(2):928-937.
[18]Kouba J.Implementation and testing of the gridded Vienna Mapping Function1 (VMF1) [J].Journal of Geodesy,2008,82(4):193-205.
[19]姜英明,郭金运,刘智敏,等.利用SDCORS数据建立山东区域动态坐标参考框架[J].北京测绘,2015(5):31-34.
[20]Saastamoinen J.Contributions to the theory of atmospheric refraction—Part Ⅱ.Reflaction corrections in satelite geodesy [J].Bulletin Geodesique,1973,107(1):13-34.
[21]李峰.GAMIT与Bernese软件在高精度GPS数据处理中的应用分析[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.
[22]朱爽,杨国华,占伟.GPS数据解算过程中相关问题研究[J].地震,2014,34(4):61-69.
[23]刘严萍,张飞涟,孙晓.地基GPS可降水量用于2011年北京暴雨监测[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2013,33(2):63-66.
[24]周茂盛,郭金运,姜英明,等.基于区域CORS的可降水汽含量反演及其精度分析[J].全球定位系统,2016,41(4):6-11.
[25]刘智敏,窦世标,李斐,等.青岛CORS站与探空站获取的大气可降水量对比分析[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(1):21-28.
[26]刘智敏,窦世标,黄超,等.基于单站CORS的台风麦德姆造成的降水量分析[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(5):56-60.
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