氮氧化物检测结果可靠性影响因素研究
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摘要
针对氮氧化物检测时分析方法及结果可能出现的问题进行了讨论,并对其可靠性进行了验证。以氮氧化物分析仪(化学发光原理)检测氮氧化物(NO_x)为例,分别对是否校准、定值标准的选择及不同工作模式3种情况下氮氧化物浓度测量结果的可靠性及影响因素进行评价,并用另外一种不同工作原理的傅里叶红外变换光谱法进行结果确认。结果表明:氮氧化物分析仪以自动模式进行工作时,不进行校准很可能得到完全错误的分析结果;浓度合适的标准物质的选择有利于提高分析结果的准确度。
The potential problems of analysis method and result during the measurement of nitrogen oxides(NO_x) were discussed with the verification of their reliability. A NO_x analyzer was selected to analyze the mole fraction of nitrogen oxides, three situations(1) calibration,(2) standard substance selection and(3) different analyzing modes were considered, the reliability of measurement results were evaluated with discussing the affecting factors. Furthermore, the final concentration values of the nitrogen oxides were confirmed again by FTIR spectroscopy, which is working with a different principle. It was concluded that calibration is necessary for auto working mode of NO_x analyzer, the incorrect results might be obtained without calibration. In addition, standard substance with appropriate concentration is beneficial for improving the accuracy of measurement results.
The potential problems of analysis method and result during the measurement of nitrogen oxides(NO_x) were discussed with the verification of their reliability. A NO_x analyzer was selected to analyze the mole fraction of nitrogen oxides, three situations(1) calibration,(2) standard substance selection and(3) different analyzing modes were considered, the reliability of measurement results were evaluated with discussing the affecting factors. Furthermore, the final concentration values of the nitrogen oxides were confirmed again by FTIR spectroscopy, which is working with a different principle. It was concluded that calibration is necessary for auto working mode of NO_x analyzer, the incorrect results might be obtained without calibration. In addition, standard substance with appropriate concentration is beneficial for improving the accuracy of measurement results.
引文
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[14] ISO.Gas Analysis-Preparation of Calibration Gas Mixtures Part 1: Gravimetric Method for Class I Mixtures: ISO 6142-1[S/OL].[2015-08-01].https://www.iso.org/standard/59631.html.
[15] ISO.General Requirements for the Competence of Reference Material Producers: ISO 17034[S/OL].[2016-11-01].https://www.iso.org/standard/29357.html.
[2] HEBBAR G S.NOx from Diesel Engine Emission and Control Strategies-A Review[J].International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research,2014,3(4):471-482.
[3] KUMAR M,TSUJIMURA T,SUZUKI Y.NOx Model Development and Validation with Diesel and Hydrogen/Diesel Dual-Fuel System on Diesel Engine[J].Energy,2018,145:496-506.
[4] 蒋春来,宋晓晖,钟悦之,等.2010—2015年我国水泥工业NOx排放清单及排放特征[J].环境科学,2018,39(11):4 841-4 848.JIANG Chunlai,SONG Xiaohui,ZHONG Yuezhi,et al.Emission Inventory and Characteristics of NOx from Cement Industry[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(11):4 841-4 848.
[5] 王圣,朱法华,王慧敏,等.燃煤电厂氮氧化物产生浓度影响因素的敏感性和相关性研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(9):2 303-2 309.WANG Sheng,ZHU Fahua,WANG Huimin,et al.Sensitivity and Correlation Analysis on Influence Factors of NOx Generated Concentration from Coal-Fired Power Plant[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(9): 2 303-2 309.
[6] 郦建国,朱法华,孙雪丽.中国火电大气污染防治现状及挑战[J].中国电力,2018,51(6):2-10.LI Jianguo,ZHU Fahua,SUN Xueli.Current Status and Challenges of Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control of Thermal Power Plants in China[J].Electric Power,2018,51(6):2-10.
[7] 张波,毛伟.羟胺肟化装置氨氧化吸收效率对NOx气体排放影响[J].石油石化绿色低碳,2018,3(3):36-39,60.ZHANG Bo,MAO Wei.Effect of Ammonia Oxidation Absorption Efficiency on NOx Gas Emission in HPO Unit[J].Green Petroleum & Petrochemicals,2018,3(3):36-39,60.
[8] YU Z Y,FAN X H,GAN M,et al.Effect of Ca-Fe Oxides Additives on NOx Reduction in Iron Ore Sintering[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International),2017,24(12):1 184-1 189.
[9] FUCHS H,BALL S M,BOHN B,et al.Intercomparison of Measurements of NO2 Concentrations in the Atmosphere Simulation Chamber Saphir During the NO3 Comp Campaign[J].Atmospheric Measurement Techniques,2010,3:21-37.
[10] 刁贝娣,曾克峰,苏攀达,等.中国工业氮氧化物排放的时空分布特征及驱动因素分析[J].资源科学,2016,38(9):1 768-1 779.DIAO Beidi,ZENG Kefeng,SU Panda,et al.Temporal-Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Provincial Industrial NOx Emissions and Driving Factors in China from 2006 to 2013[J].Resources Science,2016,38(9):1 768-1 779.
[11] 李新艳,李恒鹏.中国大气NH3和NOx排放的时空分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(1):37-42.LI Xinyan,LI Hengpeng.Emission and Distribution of NH3 and NOx in China[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(1):37-42.
[12] SHI Y,XIA Y F,LU B H,et al.Emission Inventory and Trends of NOx for China,2000-2020[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering),2014,15(6):454-464.
[13] 曹玮,曾立民,吴宇声,等.大气NOx测量准确性问题分析[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(2):346-355.CAO Wei,ZENG Limin,WU Yusheng,et al.An Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy of Atmospheric NOx Measurements[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(2):346-355.
[14] ISO.Gas Analysis-Preparation of Calibration Gas Mixtures Part 1: Gravimetric Method for Class I Mixtures: ISO 6142-1[S/OL].[2015-08-01].https://www.iso.org/standard/59631.html.
[15] ISO.General Requirements for the Competence of Reference Material Producers: ISO 17034[S/OL].[2016-11-01].https://www.iso.org/standard/29357.html.