韩江高陂枢纽至东山枢纽段河床演变及治理效果研究
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摘要
以韩江中游高陂枢纽至东山枢纽河段为研究对象,收集了2002—2017年实测地形数据,在河道演变分析基础上运用数学模型计算手段,核查了航道水深情况,为航道尺度提升提供支撑。研究表明:①高陂枢纽至东山枢纽段河床由淤积逐渐转为冲刷,深泓平均下切深度为1.15 m,2015—2017年与2008—2015年比较,冲刷强度略有减小;②利用平面二维数学模型,考虑枢纽运行、桥梁净空、河道冲刷等要素,确定了高陂枢纽下游近坝段的最低、最高通航水位分别为25.84、39.23 m,东山枢纽上游最底、最高通船水位分别为25.65、26.61 m;③高陂枢纽至东山枢纽段最低通航水位下水深不足2.5 m区段集中在高陂坝下至高陂大桥,水深集中在1.5～2.0 m,高陂大桥至东山枢纽段水深条件较好,最低通航水位下水深基本在3.0 m以上;④高陂枢纽至东山枢纽段航道整治工程类型为疏浚、拆修及新建丁坝,数学模型计算表明,工程实施后航道水深满足2.5 m要求。
Taking the Gaobei-Dongshan junction in the middle reaches of Hanjiang River as the research object, and based on the measured topographic data from 2002 to 2017 and the analysis of riverbed evolution, this paper verifies the waterway depth by calculating with mathematical model to provide support for the waterway scale lifting. According to the research results: ①As the riverbed of Gaobei-Dongshan junction gradually changed from siltation to scouring, the average down-cutting depth of the thalweg is 1.15 m. Compared 2015—2017 with 2008—2015, the scouring intensity is lower. ②By the plane two-dimensional mathematical model, and taking into account factors such as junction operation, bridge clearance and river bed erosion, the lowest and highest navigable water levels of the near-dam section downstream of Gaobei junction is determined to be 25.84 m and 39.23 m respectively, while those of Dongshan junction is 25.65 m and 26.61 m respectively. ③The water depth of the section of Gaobei-Dongshan junction under the lowest navigable water level is less than 2.5 m, the water depth of the section from Gaobei dam to Gaobei bridge is 1.5～2.0 m, and the water depth of the section from Gaobei bridge to Dongshan junction under the lowest navigable water level is basically more than 3.0 m, which is good. ④The waterway regulation project of Gaobei-Dongshan junction is dredging, overhauling and building of spur dike. Calculation with mathematical model shows that the waterway depth can reach 2.5 m after the project is carried out.
Taking the Gaobei-Dongshan junction in the middle reaches of Hanjiang River as the research object, and based on the measured topographic data from 2002 to 2017 and the analysis of riverbed evolution, this paper verifies the waterway depth by calculating with mathematical model to provide support for the waterway scale lifting. According to the research results: ①As the riverbed of Gaobei-Dongshan junction gradually changed from siltation to scouring, the average down-cutting depth of the thalweg is 1.15 m. Compared 2015—2017 with 2008—2015, the scouring intensity is lower. ②By the plane two-dimensional mathematical model, and taking into account factors such as junction operation, bridge clearance and river bed erosion, the lowest and highest navigable water levels of the near-dam section downstream of Gaobei junction is determined to be 25.84 m and 39.23 m respectively, while those of Dongshan junction is 25.65 m and 26.61 m respectively. ③The water depth of the section of Gaobei-Dongshan junction under the lowest navigable water level is less than 2.5 m, the water depth of the section from Gaobei dam to Gaobei bridge is 1.5～2.0 m, and the water depth of the section from Gaobei bridge to Dongshan junction under the lowest navigable water level is basically more than 3.0 m, which is good. ④The waterway regulation project of Gaobei-Dongshan junction is dredging, overhauling and building of spur dike. Calculation with mathematical model shows that the waterway depth can reach 2.5 m after the project is carried out.
引文
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[2] 关帅,林颖妍,查悉妮,等.基于Copula函数的韩江流域干支流洪水遭遇分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2015,54(5):130-137.
[3] 李俊伟.灰色趋势～逐步回归周期组合模型在韩江潮安站长期水文预报中的应用[J].广东水利水电,2014(6):25-28,38.
[4] 缪连华.韩江流域径流变化规律研究[J].广东水利水电,2013 (5):41-42,59.
[5] 涂新军,陈晓宏,张强.区域河川径流量时空变异特征及成因分析——以广东省为例[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(1):104-111.
[6] 杨传训,张正栋,张倩,等.1955—2012年韩江入海径流量和输沙量多尺度变化特征[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,49(3):68-75.
[7] 马奇国.韩江流域河床近期变化分析[J].人民珠江,2015,36(4):36-39.
[8] 黄汉禹,刘海洋.韩江下游及三角洲河段河床变化分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2001,40(S2):10-14.
[9] 胡巍巍.韩江中下游河道采砂对河流水文与生态环境的影响[J].湿地科学,2016,14(2):157-162.
[10] 胡巍巍.人类活动对韩江水沙径流变化的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(2):157-160,165.
[11] 徐锡荣,白金霞,陈界仁,等.韩江干流航道设计最低通航水位探讨[J].水利水电科技进展,2011,31(6):66-69.
[12] 徐强强,谢平,李培月,等.广东省主要河流最低通航水位变异分析[J].水力发电学报,2016,35(7):44-54.
[13] 周作付,何健华,邓年生,等.受人工采砂影响明显的河段基本站设计最低通航水位计算的探讨[J].水运工程,2003,335(8):33-36.
[14] 王建军,杨云平.韩江三河坝至潮州港航道扩能升级工程三河坝至东里桥闸二维水沙数学模型研究报告[R].2018.
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