黄河下游河道边界条件影响输沙效率研究述评
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摘要
如何高效输沙始终是黄河下游河道治理的一个根本问题,其中河道边界条件对泥沙输送具有重要的影响,这源于两者之间存在的耦合作用。对现有河道边界条件影响输沙效率相关研究进展及存在的问题进行了系统的总结与分析。河道边界条件不仅影响河道空间沿程输沙效率,而且河道边界条件的演化还决定了输沙效率的时间调整过程。这种影响在不同输沙计算方法(水文学方法、水动力学方法)中的表现形式有所不同,但反映物理本质相同,彼此之间存在一定的联系。能否反映水沙运动与河床变形之间的相互作用及耦合特性,这是判断输沙模拟有效性的关键所在。河道输沙与河床变形作为泥沙赋存状态同一问题的两个方面,提出了从河床演变学角度研究输沙效率的问题,为相关研究的开展提供思路与参考。
For the Lower Yellow River,which has a major role of transferring sediment to the sea,the boundary condition has an important influence on the sediment transport efficiency. From the literature survey,this paper reviewed studies of the effects of boundary condition on sediment transport. An increasing number of studies have shown that the boundary condition and its evolutionary processes affect the spatial-temporal variation of the sediment transport efficiency. For different calculation methods of sediment transport,such as the hydrology method and hydrodynamics method,the influencing ways of boundary condition have both the difference and the relation. The mathematical comparison results show that the derivatives of sediment concentration of the two above mentioned methods are first order approximate. The key criterion used to check the effectiveness of simulation for sediment model is to determine whether the coupling effect between the sediment movement and bed deformation can be reflected. Seeing as how the sediment transport and bed deformation processes are very closely interlinked,it is proposed that the regulation of sediment transport efficiency can be studied from the aspect of the riverbed evolution process,potentially providing new insights and support for further studies.
For the Lower Yellow River,which has a major role of transferring sediment to the sea,the boundary condition has an important influence on the sediment transport efficiency. From the literature survey,this paper reviewed studies of the effects of boundary condition on sediment transport. An increasing number of studies have shown that the boundary condition and its evolutionary processes affect the spatial-temporal variation of the sediment transport efficiency. For different calculation methods of sediment transport,such as the hydrology method and hydrodynamics method,the influencing ways of boundary condition have both the difference and the relation. The mathematical comparison results show that the derivatives of sediment concentration of the two above mentioned methods are first order approximate. The key criterion used to check the effectiveness of simulation for sediment model is to determine whether the coupling effect between the sediment movement and bed deformation can be reflected. Seeing as how the sediment transport and bed deformation processes are very closely interlinked,it is proposed that the regulation of sediment transport efficiency can be studied from the aspect of the riverbed evolution process,potentially providing new insights and support for further studies.
引文
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