北京37种园林植物对4种重金属的富集力及其分级评价研究
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摘要
以北京道路绿地37种常用园林植物为研究对象,实地取样并测定了植物地上部及其根系周围土壤Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu 4种重金属含量,利用富集系数指标和聚类分析法,分析比较37种植物对4种重金属的富集力及其等级水平,对其生态修复价值进行初步评价,以期为北京地区绿化植物的选择提供理论依据和参考,提高绿地系统生态防护效能。结果表明,37种植物对Cd、Zn、Pb、Cu的富集系数范围分别为0.07～0.68、0.25～1.13、0.01～0.30、0.10～0.32;对4种重金属的平均富集力表现为Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb;对Cd富集力强的植物为金叶女贞;对Zn富集力强的植物为紫丁香;对Pb富集力强的植物有栾树、洋白蜡、构树、月季;对Cu富集力强的植物有榆树、桑树、英桐、珍珠梅;对4种重金属综合富集能力最强的植物是紫丁香、金叶女贞、小叶黄杨。
Taking 37 common garden plants in Beijing road greenland as research objects,the contents of heavy metals such as Cd,Zn,Pb and Cu in the aboveground parts of plants and soils around the roots were measured by field sampling method.The enrichment coefficient index and cluster analysis method were used to analyze the enrichment ability and levels for 37 plant species.Their values of ecological restoration were preliminarily evaluated to provide theoretical basis and references for the selection of greening plant species in Beijing and to improve the ecological protection efficiency of green space system.The results showed that the enrichment coefficients of 37 plants for Cd,Zn,Pb and Cu were 0.07～0.68,0.25～1.13,0.01～0.30,and 0.10～0.32.The average enrichment ability of plants for four heavy metals was in the order of Zn > Cd > Cu > Pb.The plant species with strong Cd and Zn enrichment ability were Ligustrum×vicaryi and Syringa oblata.The plant species with strong Pb enrichment ability were Broussonetia papyrifera,Fraxinus pennsylvanica,Koelreuteria paniculata,and Rosa chinensis.The plant species with strong Cu enrichment ability were Morus alba,Ulmus pumila,Platanus×acerifolia,and Sorbaria sorbifolia.The plant species with strong comprehensive enrichment ability were S.oblata,L.×vicaryi,and Buxus sinica.
Taking 37 common garden plants in Beijing road greenland as research objects,the contents of heavy metals such as Cd,Zn,Pb and Cu in the aboveground parts of plants and soils around the roots were measured by field sampling method.The enrichment coefficient index and cluster analysis method were used to analyze the enrichment ability and levels for 37 plant species.Their values of ecological restoration were preliminarily evaluated to provide theoretical basis and references for the selection of greening plant species in Beijing and to improve the ecological protection efficiency of green space system.The results showed that the enrichment coefficients of 37 plants for Cd,Zn,Pb and Cu were 0.07～0.68,0.25～1.13,0.01～0.30,and 0.10～0.32.The average enrichment ability of plants for four heavy metals was in the order of Zn > Cd > Cu > Pb.The plant species with strong Cd and Zn enrichment ability were Ligustrum×vicaryi and Syringa oblata.The plant species with strong Pb enrichment ability were Broussonetia papyrifera,Fraxinus pennsylvanica,Koelreuteria paniculata,and Rosa chinensis.The plant species with strong Cu enrichment ability were Morus alba,Ulmus pumila,Platanus×acerifolia,and Sorbaria sorbifolia.The plant species with strong comprehensive enrichment ability were S.oblata,L.×vicaryi,and Buxus sinica.
引文
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[17] 环境保护部.土壤和沉积物金属元素总量的消解微波消解法(HJ 832-2017) [R].北京:环境保护部,2017.
[18] 黄小纯,刘昌宏,张军,等.ICP-MS测定蔬菜样品中重金属元素的两种微波消解前处理方法[J].岩矿测试,2013,32(3):415-419.
[19] 成杭新,李阔,李敏,等.中国城市土壤化学元素的背景值与基准值[J].地学前缘,2014,21(3):266-305.
[20] 林晓燕,唐彪,熊云武,等.铅锌矿区土壤重金属含量及木本植物吸收特征[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(18):4657- 4659.
[21] BROOKS R R ,LEE J,REEVES R D.Detection of nickliferous rocks by analysis of herbarium species of indicator plants[J].Journal Geochemical Exploration,1997,7:49-57.
[22] 王爱霞,张敏,黄利斌,等.南京市 14种绿化树种对空气中重金属的累积能力[J].植物研究,2009,29(3):368-374.
[23] 万坚.北京市主要路旁绿化灌木中重金属元素分布特征[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,36(3):23-30.
[24] 李庚飞,程书强.金矿周围树木对土壤重金属的吸收[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(1):55-58.LI G F,CHENG S Q.Study on absorption of heavy metals by several trees around the gold area[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2013,41(1):55-58.(in Chinese)
[25] 陈静文.公路路域绿化带植物重金属分布规律及富集性研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[26] 聂发辉.关于超富集植物的新理解[J].生态环境,2005,14(1):136-138.
[27] 王广林,张金池,庄家尧,等.31种园林植物对重金属的富集研究[J].皖西学院学报,2011,27 (5):83-87.
[28] 阿衣古丽·艾力亚斯,马尔哈巴·买力克,阿不都拉·阿不力孜,等.乌鲁木齐市17种园林植物的Pb、Cd积累特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(12):143-147.
[2] 孙春媛,赵文吉,郑晓霞,等.北京城区土壤重金属空间分布及与降尘的关联性分析[J].中国科技论文,2016,11(9):1035-1040.
[3] 李晓燕,陈同斌,雷梅,等.不同土地利用方式下北京城区土壤的重金属累积特征[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(11):2285-2293.LI X Y,CHEN T B,LEI M,et al.Accumulation of heavy metals in urban soils under different land uses in Beijing[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2010,30(11):2285-2293.(in Chinese)
[4] 张轩,赵俊程,吴子剑,等.六种木本植物对铅锌尾矿库重金属富集力的研究[J].湖南林业科技,2016,43(6):65-68.
[5] 康薇,鲍建国,郑进,等.湖北铜绿山古铜矿遗址区木本植物对重金属富集能力的分析[J].植物资源与环境学报,2014,23(1):78 -84.KANG W,BAO J G,ZHENG J,et al.Analysis on heavy metals enrichment ability of woody plants at ancient copper mine site in Tonglushan of Hubei Province[J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2014,23(1):78-84.(in Chinese)
[6] ALAHABADIA A,EHRAMPOUSHB M H,MIRI M,et al.A comparative study on capability of different tree species in accumulating heavy metals from soil and ambient air[J].Chemosphere,2017,172:459-467.
[7] 王岑涅,刘柿良,李勋,等.3种土壤类型下镉胁迫对红椿生物量分配及其镉富集特性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(9):1591-1598.
[8] WISZNIEWSKA A,HANUS-FAJERSKA E,MUSZYNSKA E,et al.Comparative assessment of response to cadmium in heavy metal-tolerant shrubs cultured in Vitro[J].Water air & soil pollution,2017,228(8):304.
[9] ROMEO S,FRANCINI A,SEBASTIANI L,et al.High Zn concentration does not impair biomass,cutting radial growth,and photosynthetic activity traits in Populus alba L[J].Journal of soils and sediments,2017,17(5):1394-1402.
[10] 杨斌,张文辉.竹柳对Pb2+胁迫的响应及其Pb富集能力[J].西北林学院学报,2016,44(8):84-87,95.YANG B,ZHANG W H.Response of salix matsudana koidz cv.zhuliu to Pb2+ stress and its accumulation ability[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(1):36- 41.(in Chinese)
[11] 何安.日本楤木和香椿对铅、镉胁迫的响应研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2017.
[12] 毕诗畦,穆立蔷.‘鲁赫’刺蔷薇对铅镉及其混合胁迫的生理响应[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(6):47:55.BI S Q,MU L Q.Physiological response of Rosa acicularis ‘Luhe’ to lead,cadmium and mixed stresses[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2018,33(6):47:55.(in Chinese)
[13] 常青山.重金属超富集植物的筛选与螯合吸附研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2005.
[14] 庞静.北京耐土壤重金属污染城市绿化植物的筛选与评价[D].北京:北京林业大学,2008.
[15] 韩娟,赵金莉,贺学礼.白洋淀植物重金属积累特性研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2016,39(4):32-36,51.
[16] 尹骏,柳云龙.上海市城郊土壤重金属空间分布及其污染评价[J].现代农业科技,2010(10):251-253.
[17] 环境保护部.土壤和沉积物金属元素总量的消解微波消解法(HJ 832-2017) [R].北京:环境保护部,2017.
[18] 黄小纯,刘昌宏,张军,等.ICP-MS测定蔬菜样品中重金属元素的两种微波消解前处理方法[J].岩矿测试,2013,32(3):415-419.
[19] 成杭新,李阔,李敏,等.中国城市土壤化学元素的背景值与基准值[J].地学前缘,2014,21(3):266-305.
[20] 林晓燕,唐彪,熊云武,等.铅锌矿区土壤重金属含量及木本植物吸收特征[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(18):4657- 4659.
[21] BROOKS R R ,LEE J,REEVES R D.Detection of nickliferous rocks by analysis of herbarium species of indicator plants[J].Journal Geochemical Exploration,1997,7:49-57.
[22] 王爱霞,张敏,黄利斌,等.南京市 14种绿化树种对空气中重金属的累积能力[J].植物研究,2009,29(3):368-374.
[23] 万坚.北京市主要路旁绿化灌木中重金属元素分布特征[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,36(3):23-30.
[24] 李庚飞,程书强.金矿周围树木对土壤重金属的吸收[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(1):55-58.LI G F,CHENG S Q.Study on absorption of heavy metals by several trees around the gold area[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2013,41(1):55-58.(in Chinese)
[25] 陈静文.公路路域绿化带植物重金属分布规律及富集性研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[26] 聂发辉.关于超富集植物的新理解[J].生态环境,2005,14(1):136-138.
[27] 王广林,张金池,庄家尧,等.31种园林植物对重金属的富集研究[J].皖西学院学报,2011,27 (5):83-87.
[28] 阿衣古丽·艾力亚斯,马尔哈巴·买力克,阿不都拉·阿不力孜,等.乌鲁木齐市17种园林植物的Pb、Cd积累特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(12):143-147.
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