2012—2016年海淀区气传花粉物候特征及其与气象要素的关系
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摘要
利用重力沉淀法对2012—2016年海淀区气传花粉种类及含量进行监测,分析海淀区的花粉种类、峰值分布特征和含量变化、以及花粉浓度的不连续变化特征,在此基础上采用集合经验模态分解法对花粉浓度进行多时间尺度分析,并分析了花粉浓度与气象要素之间的关系.结果表明:研究期间,海淀区的主要气传花粉种类已经发生改变,柏科、杨柳科等木本植物代替草本植物成为含量最多的气传花粉类别;花粉浓度的年内峰值分布并无明显改变;近5年花粉浓度整体呈下降趋势,但橘科等草本植物花粉浓度呈上升趋势;统计时段内,花粉浓度在4月上旬、5月下旬及8月上旬共发生3次不连续变化;花粉浓度存在准2 d、准51 d、准128 d的变化周期;温度对于花粉浓度的影响在各气象要素中占有主导地位,16～18℃范围内花粉浓度明显升高;气温的变化对逐日花粉浓度的影响具有一定的滞后性和持续性,通常与滞后2～7 d的花粉浓度相关性较高,日照时数和风速对当天的花粉浓度影响最显著.
We monitored the type and content of airborne pollen in Haidian District, Beijing City from 2012 to 2016 by the gravity precipitation method, and analyzed the variety of pollen, peak distribution features and changes of its content, and discontinuous variation of concentration. Multiple time scale analysis was carried out for pollen concentration by the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method(EEMD). The relationship between pollen concentration and meteorological factors was analyzed. The results indicated that during the research period, the main types of airborne pollen changed. Woody plants such as Cupressaceae and Salicaceae instead of herbaceous plants contributed the most content of pollen. There was no significant change of the yearly peak distribution of pollen concentration. The concentration in recent five years reduced, while the concentration of herbaceous plants(such as Scolopacjdae) increased. During the statistics period, pollen concentration showed discontinuous changes in early April, late May and early August. Pollen concentration had the change cycle of quasi 2 d, quasi 51 d and quasi 128 d. Among all meteorological factors, temperature played a dominant role in driving the concentration, which may significantly rise during 16 to 18 ℃. The impact of temperature changes on the daily concentration may be delayed and continuous; it is often highly related to the concentration 2-7 d later. Sunshine duration and wind speed had the most significant impact on daily pollen concentration.
We monitored the type and content of airborne pollen in Haidian District, Beijing City from 2012 to 2016 by the gravity precipitation method, and analyzed the variety of pollen, peak distribution features and changes of its content, and discontinuous variation of concentration. Multiple time scale analysis was carried out for pollen concentration by the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method(EEMD). The relationship between pollen concentration and meteorological factors was analyzed. The results indicated that during the research period, the main types of airborne pollen changed. Woody plants such as Cupressaceae and Salicaceae instead of herbaceous plants contributed the most content of pollen. There was no significant change of the yearly peak distribution of pollen concentration. The concentration in recent five years reduced, while the concentration of herbaceous plants(such as Scolopacjdae) increased. During the statistics period, pollen concentration showed discontinuous changes in early April, late May and early August. Pollen concentration had the change cycle of quasi 2 d, quasi 51 d and quasi 128 d. Among all meteorological factors, temperature played a dominant role in driving the concentration, which may significantly rise during 16 to 18 ℃. The impact of temperature changes on the daily concentration may be delayed and continuous; it is often highly related to the concentration 2-7 d later. Sunshine duration and wind speed had the most significant impact on daily pollen concentration.
引文
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[3] Chen H-W (陈宏伟),Xu J (许晶),Liu N (刘娜),et al.Spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystem service value of green land in Shenyang,Northeast China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(10):3391-3397 (in Chinese)
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[5] Chen L-D (陈利顶),Lyu Y-H (吕一河),Tian H-Y (田惠颖),et al.Principles and methodology for ecological rehabilitation and security pattern design in key project construction.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2007,18(3):674-680 (in Chinese)
[6] Xu Q-H (许清海),Li Y-C (李月从),Li Y (李育),et al.A discuss about modern pollen and study of Quaternary environment.Progress in Natural Science (自然科学进展),2006,16(6):647-656 (in Chinese)
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[9] He H-J (何海娟),Zhang D-S (张德山),Qiao B-S (乔秉善),et al.Preliminary approach of the relationship between airborne pollen amount and meteorological factors in Beijing urban area.Chinese Journal of Micro-biology Immunology (中华微生物学和免疫学杂志),2001(suppl.2):36-38 (in Chinese)
[10] Li Y (李英),Li Y-C (李月从),Lyu S-Q (吕素青),et al.The dispersion of airborne pollen and its relationship with major climatic parameters in Shijia-zhuang.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2014,34(6):1575-1586 (in Chinese)
[11] Meng L (孟龄),Wang X-K (王效科),Ouyang Z-Y (欧阳志云),et al.Seasonal dynamics of airborne pollens and its relationship with meteorological factors in Beijing urban area.Environmental Science (环境科学),2016,37(2):452-458 (in Chinese)
[12] Zhang J (张军),Xu X (徐新),Zhang Z-X (张增信),et al.Allergic pollen charicteristics in air and its relationship with meteorological factors in Nanjing.Journal of Meteorology and Environment (气象与环境学报),2009,25(5):67-71 (in Chinese)
[13] Galán C,Alcázar P,Cariňanos P,et al.Meteorological factors affecting daily Urticaceae pollen counts in southwest Spain.International Journal of Biometeorology,2000,43:191-195
[14] Kizilpinar I,Civelek E,Tuncer A,et al.Pollen counts and their relationship to meteorological factors in Ankara,Turkey during 2005-2008.International Journal of Biometeorology,2011,55:623-631
[15] Haskouri FE,Bouziane H,Maria DMT,et al.Airborne ascospores in Tetouan (NW Morocco) and meteorological parameters.Aerobiologia,2016,32:669-681
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[17] Zhang S-L (张姝丽),Zhang D-S (张德山),He H-J (何海娟),et al.Analysis of weather conditions of pollen amount in Beijing urban area.Meteorological Science and Technology (气象科技),2003(6):406-408 (in Chinese)
[18] Zhang D-S (张德山),Hai Y-L (海玉龙),Feng T (冯涛),et al.Applied research on the 1-4 day pollen concentration forecast in Beijing area.Meteorological Monthly (气象),2010,36(5):128-132 (in Chinese)
[19] Aznarte JLM,Sánchez JMB,Lugilde DN,et al.Forecasting airborne pollen concentration time series with neural and neuro-fuzzy models.Expert Systems with Applications,2007,32:1218-1225
[20] Kasprzyk I,Walanus A.Description of the main Poaceae pollen season using bi-Gaussian curves,and forecasting methods for the start and peak dates for this type of season in Rzeszów and Ostrowiec Sw.(SE Poland) Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2010,12:906-916
[21] Menut L,Vautard R,Colette A,et al.A new model of ragweed pollen release based on the analysis of meteorological conditions.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2014,14:10891-10927
[22] Li Z (李挚),He H-J (何海娟),Sun G-Q (孙国强),et al.Allergy-related airborne pollen in urban area of Beijing.Basic & Clinical Medicine (基础医学与临床),2015,35(6):734-738 (in Chinese)
[23] Jia B-Q (贾宝全).Driving factor analysis on the vegetation changes derived from the Landsat TM images in Beijing.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2013,33(5):1654-1666 (in Chinese)
[24] Wei F-Y (魏凤英).Modern Climatic Statistical Diagnosis and Prediction Technology.Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2007 (in Chinese)
[25] Feng G-L (封国林),Gong Z-Q (龚志强),Dong W-J (董文杰),et al.Abrupt climate change detection based on heuristic segmentation algorithm.Acta Physica Sinica (物理学报),2005(11):5494-5499 (in Chinese)
[26] Bi S-B (毕硕本),Sun L (孙力),Li X-Y (李兴宇),et al.Characteristics of drought and flood disasters in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from 1470 to 1911 based on EEMD method.Journal of Natural Disasters (自然灾害学报),2018,27(1):137-147 (in Chinese)
[27] Li W,Zuo XZ,Li JZ,et al.Adaptive de-noising of defect signal of aerospace launcher steel structure based on EEMD.IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments,Harbin,China,2013:1-4
[2] Ouyang Z-Y (欧阳志云),Xin J-N (辛嘉楠),Zheng H (郑华),et al.Species composition distribution and phenological characters of pollen-allergenic plants in Beijing urban area.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2007,18(9):1953-1958 (in Chinese)
[3] Chen H-W (陈宏伟),Xu J (许晶),Liu N (刘娜),et al.Spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystem service value of green land in Shenyang,Northeast China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(10):3391-3397 (in Chinese)
[4] He X-Y (何兴元),Jin Y-S (金莹杉),Zhu W-Q (朱文泉),et al.Basic theory and research method of urban forest ecology.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2002,13(12):1679-1683 (in Chinese)
[5] Chen L-D (陈利顶),Lyu Y-H (吕一河),Tian H-Y (田惠颖),et al.Principles and methodology for ecological rehabilitation and security pattern design in key project construction.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2007,18(3):674-680 (in Chinese)
[6] Xu Q-H (许清海),Li Y-C (李月从),Li Y (李育),et al.A discuss about modern pollen and study of Quaternary environment.Progress in Natural Science (自然科学进展),2006,16(6):647-656 (in Chinese)
[7] Goldberg C,Buch H,Moseholm L,et al.Airborne Pollen Records in Denmark,1977-1986.Grana Palynolo-gica,1988,27:209-217
[8] Katelaris CH,Burke TV,Byth K,et al.Spatial variability in the pollen count in Sydney,Australia:can one sampling site accurately reflect the pollen count for a region?Annals of Allergy,Asthma and Immunology,2004,93:131-136
[9] He H-J (何海娟),Zhang D-S (张德山),Qiao B-S (乔秉善),et al.Preliminary approach of the relationship between airborne pollen amount and meteorological factors in Beijing urban area.Chinese Journal of Micro-biology Immunology (中华微生物学和免疫学杂志),2001(suppl.2):36-38 (in Chinese)
[10] Li Y (李英),Li Y-C (李月从),Lyu S-Q (吕素青),et al.The dispersion of airborne pollen and its relationship with major climatic parameters in Shijia-zhuang.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2014,34(6):1575-1586 (in Chinese)
[11] Meng L (孟龄),Wang X-K (王效科),Ouyang Z-Y (欧阳志云),et al.Seasonal dynamics of airborne pollens and its relationship with meteorological factors in Beijing urban area.Environmental Science (环境科学),2016,37(2):452-458 (in Chinese)
[12] Zhang J (张军),Xu X (徐新),Zhang Z-X (张增信),et al.Allergic pollen charicteristics in air and its relationship with meteorological factors in Nanjing.Journal of Meteorology and Environment (气象与环境学报),2009,25(5):67-71 (in Chinese)
[13] Galán C,Alcázar P,Cariňanos P,et al.Meteorological factors affecting daily Urticaceae pollen counts in southwest Spain.International Journal of Biometeorology,2000,43:191-195
[14] Kizilpinar I,Civelek E,Tuncer A,et al.Pollen counts and their relationship to meteorological factors in Ankara,Turkey during 2005-2008.International Journal of Biometeorology,2011,55:623-631
[15] Haskouri FE,Bouziane H,Maria DMT,et al.Airborne ascospores in Tetouan (NW Morocco) and meteorological parameters.Aerobiologia,2016,32:669-681
[16] Severova E,Volkova O.Variations and trends of Betula pollen seasons in Moscow (Russia) in relation to meteo-rological parameters.Aerobiologia,2017,33:253-264
[17] Zhang S-L (张姝丽),Zhang D-S (张德山),He H-J (何海娟),et al.Analysis of weather conditions of pollen amount in Beijing urban area.Meteorological Science and Technology (气象科技),2003(6):406-408 (in Chinese)
[18] Zhang D-S (张德山),Hai Y-L (海玉龙),Feng T (冯涛),et al.Applied research on the 1-4 day pollen concentration forecast in Beijing area.Meteorological Monthly (气象),2010,36(5):128-132 (in Chinese)
[19] Aznarte JLM,Sánchez JMB,Lugilde DN,et al.Forecasting airborne pollen concentration time series with neural and neuro-fuzzy models.Expert Systems with Applications,2007,32:1218-1225
[20] Kasprzyk I,Walanus A.Description of the main Poaceae pollen season using bi-Gaussian curves,and forecasting methods for the start and peak dates for this type of season in Rzeszów and Ostrowiec Sw.(SE Poland) Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2010,12:906-916
[21] Menut L,Vautard R,Colette A,et al.A new model of ragweed pollen release based on the analysis of meteorological conditions.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2014,14:10891-10927
[22] Li Z (李挚),He H-J (何海娟),Sun G-Q (孙国强),et al.Allergy-related airborne pollen in urban area of Beijing.Basic & Clinical Medicine (基础医学与临床),2015,35(6):734-738 (in Chinese)
[23] Jia B-Q (贾宝全).Driving factor analysis on the vegetation changes derived from the Landsat TM images in Beijing.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2013,33(5):1654-1666 (in Chinese)
[24] Wei F-Y (魏凤英).Modern Climatic Statistical Diagnosis and Prediction Technology.Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2007 (in Chinese)
[25] Feng G-L (封国林),Gong Z-Q (龚志强),Dong W-J (董文杰),et al.Abrupt climate change detection based on heuristic segmentation algorithm.Acta Physica Sinica (物理学报),2005(11):5494-5499 (in Chinese)
[26] Bi S-B (毕硕本),Sun L (孙力),Li X-Y (李兴宇),et al.Characteristics of drought and flood disasters in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from 1470 to 1911 based on EEMD method.Journal of Natural Disasters (自然灾害学报),2018,27(1):137-147 (in Chinese)
[27] Li W,Zuo XZ,Li JZ,et al.Adaptive de-noising of defect signal of aerospace launcher steel structure based on EEMD.IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments,Harbin,China,2013:1-4