夏季东海陆架不同水团对悬浮体物质组成及粒度分布的影响
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摘要
基于2012年7月东海陆架水文及悬浮体粒度等实测数据,分析不同水团内悬浮体物质组成和粒度分布特征,并探究其影响因素,为查明东海陆架海区陆源沉积物输运扩散机制、揭示海底沉积物来源和成因机制等提供理论依据。结果显示:夏季东海陆架悬浮体由两部分构成,即≤128μm的无机颗粒和?128μm以浮游生物为主的颗粒,其平均体积浓度分别为3.5μL/L和8.4μL/L。悬浮体空间分布受到该海域水团类型的制约。长江冲淡水、台湾暖流表层水、台湾暖流深层水、台湾海峡暖水以及东海冷涡的悬浮体粒径均呈双峰分布,峰值位于27.7—74.7μm和391μm;苏北沿岸流影响海域悬浮体粒径呈单峰分布,小颗粒端含量极低。悬浮体粒度组成及其空间分布差异与水团挟带的无机颗粒、营养盐输送以及水体界面阻隔密切相关。其中,长江冲淡水挟带大量无机颗粒和营养盐进入东海,致使其无机颗粒和浮游生物含量均为研究区最高;苏北沿岸流经长距离扩散后挟带的无机颗粒大多已经沉降,因此无机颗粒含量在研究区最低,而其挟带的丰富营养盐,致使浮游生物含量为次高值;台湾暖流表层水、台湾暖流深层水、东海冷涡以及台湾海峡暖水中悬浮体均以无机颗粒为主,其中前三个水团的水体界面处浮游生物含量较高;不同水团垂向交界处常形成温、盐跃层,跃层能够抑制底层营养盐向表层的扩散,导致跃层位置成为浮游生物高含量区。
Based on hydrological data and suspended particle size data obtained in the East China Sea(ECS) shelf in July 2012, the composition and particle size distribution of suspended particulate matter(SPM) were analyzed, and the influence factors were explored. Results show that the fine components(≤128μm) of SPM were inorganic particles, while the coarse ones(?128μm) of SPM were almost plankton, and the average volume concentrations were 3.5μL/L and 8.4μL/L,respectively. The spatial distribution of SPM was confined by different water masses. The particle size spectra of the Changjiang(Yangtze River) Diluted Water(CDW), Taiwan Warm Current Surface Water(TWCSW), Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water(TWCDW), Taiwan Strait warm water(TWSWC), and East China Sea Cold Eddy(ECSCE) all showed bimodal feature and two peaks were located at 27.7—74.7μm and 391μm, respectively. In the coastal current off north Jiangsu(NSCC), the particle size spectra presented unimodal feature, and the fine component of SPM was extremely low.The composition and distribution of SPM were closely related to the transport of inorganic particles, nutrients and the barrier of water interface. In summer, enormous terrigenous material and nutrients carried by the CDW contributed to the highest content of inorganic particle and plankton in the CDW. The settlement of fine inorganic particles after long-distance transport led to the lowest content of inorganic particles in the NSCC. In addition, the nutrients carried by the NSCC resulted in the secondary high value of plankton. In the TWCSW, TWCDW, ECSCE and TWSWC, SPM were mainly composed of inorganic particle, and plankton was seen only in water boundary of the first three former water masses. The thermocline could inhibit the nutrient diffusion from bottom layer to surface layer, which is beneficial to the growth of plankton, thus resulting in the high content of plankton in the thermocline.
Based on hydrological data and suspended particle size data obtained in the East China Sea(ECS) shelf in July 2012, the composition and particle size distribution of suspended particulate matter(SPM) were analyzed, and the influence factors were explored. Results show that the fine components(≤128μm) of SPM were inorganic particles, while the coarse ones(?128μm) of SPM were almost plankton, and the average volume concentrations were 3.5μL/L and 8.4μL/L,respectively. The spatial distribution of SPM was confined by different water masses. The particle size spectra of the Changjiang(Yangtze River) Diluted Water(CDW), Taiwan Warm Current Surface Water(TWCSW), Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water(TWCDW), Taiwan Strait warm water(TWSWC), and East China Sea Cold Eddy(ECSCE) all showed bimodal feature and two peaks were located at 27.7—74.7μm and 391μm, respectively. In the coastal current off north Jiangsu(NSCC), the particle size spectra presented unimodal feature, and the fine component of SPM was extremely low.The composition and distribution of SPM were closely related to the transport of inorganic particles, nutrients and the barrier of water interface. In summer, enormous terrigenous material and nutrients carried by the CDW contributed to the highest content of inorganic particle and plankton in the CDW. The settlement of fine inorganic particles after long-distance transport led to the lowest content of inorganic particles in the NSCC. In addition, the nutrients carried by the NSCC resulted in the secondary high value of plankton. In the TWCSW, TWCDW, ECSCE and TWSWC, SPM were mainly composed of inorganic particle, and plankton was seen only in water boundary of the first three former water masses. The thermocline could inhibit the nutrient diffusion from bottom layer to surface layer, which is beneficial to the growth of plankton, thus resulting in the high content of plankton in the thermocline.
引文
鲍献文,李真,王勇智等,2010.冬、夏季北黄海悬浮物分布特征.泥沙研究,(2):48-56
蔡爱智,1982.长江入海泥沙的扩散.海洋学报,4(1):78-88
郭术津,2012.东海浮游植物群集研究.青岛:中国海洋大学硕士学位论文,25-37
郭志刚,杨作升,张东奇等,2002.冬、夏季东海北部悬浮体分布及海流对悬浮体输运的阻隔作用.海洋学报,24(5):71-80
胡敦欣,丁宗信,熊庆成,1984.东海北部一个夏季气旋型涡旋的初步分析.海洋科学集刊,(21):87-99
罗民波,陆健健,王云龙等,2007.东海浮游植物数量分布与优势种.生态学报,27(12):5076-5085
蓝淑芳,1996.东海北部冷涡海域夏季水文结构及涡动混合的研究.海洋科学集刊,(37):11-18
毛漢禮,甘子鈞,藍淑芳,1963.长江冲淡水及其混合问题的初步探讨.海洋与湖沼,5(3):183-206
乔方利,2012.中国区域海洋学-物理海洋学.北京:海洋出版社
乔璐璐,李广雪,邓声贵等,2010.夏季渤海湾中北部悬浮体分布.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(3):23-30
乔璐璐,王震,刘世东等,2017.从陆架海到西太平洋:黄、东海悬浮体跨陆架输运通道与机制.地学前缘,24(4):134-140
王从敏,翁学传,1987.台湾海峡水运移路径的分析.海洋科学,(3):1-5
王凯敏,熊学军,郭炳火等,2012.2006-2007年长江冲淡水的扩展形态及季节变化.海岸工程,31(1):46-54
翁学传,王从敏,1984.台湾暖流水(团)夏季T-S特征和来源的初步分析.海洋科学集刊,(21):113-133
王珍岩,张洪格,高微,2017.冬季西太平洋雅浦海山(Y3)区次表层叶绿素最大值层分布及其对悬浮体粒度的影响.海洋与湖沼,48(6):1404-1414
虞兰兰,江文胜,2011.黄、东海悬浮细颗粒物浓度和粒径分布变化研究.海洋与湖沼,42(4):474-481
杨作升,郭志刚,王兆祥等,1991.黄、东海毗邻海域悬浮体与水团的对应关系及影响因素.青岛海洋大学学报,21(3):55-69
杨作升,郭志刚,王兆祥等,1992.黄东海陆架悬浮体向其东部深海区输送的宏观格局.海洋学报,14(2):81-90
赵保仁,1991.长江冲淡水的转向机制问题.海洋学报,13(5):600-610
张慧,堵盘军,郑晓琴,2011.浙闽海域余流特征分析.海洋通报,30(2):151-157
Dadson S J,Hovius N,Chen H et al,2004.Earthquake-triggered increase in sediment delivery from an active mountain belt.Geology,32(8):733-736
Gao S,Jia J J,2002.Modeling suspended sediment distribution in continental shelf upwelling/downwelling settings.Geo-Marine Letters,22(4):218-226
Jassby A,Powell T,1975.Vertical patterns of eddy diffusion during stratification in Castle Lake,California.Limnology and Oceanography,20(4):530-543
Li G X,Qiao L L,Dong P et al,2016.Hydrodynamic condition and suspended sediment diffusion in the Yellow sea and East China Sea.Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,121(8):6204-6222
Lian E G,Yang S Y,Wu H et al,2016.Kuroshio subsurface water feeds the wintertime Taiwan warm current on the inner East China Sea shelf.Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,121(7):4790-4803
Liu J P,Li A C,Xu K H et al,2006.Sedimentary features of the Yangtze River-derived along-shelf clinoform deposit in the East China Sea.Continental Shelf Research,26(17-18):2141-2156
Meade R H,1996.River-sediment inputs to major deltas.In:Milliman J D,Haq B U eds.Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Subsidence:Causes,Consequences,and Strategies.Dordrecht:Springer,63-85
Milliman J D,Shen H T,Yang Z S et al,1985.Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf.Continental Shelf Research,4(1-2):37-45
Qi J F,Yin B S,Zhang Q L et al,2017.Seasonal variation of the Taiwan warm current water and its underlying mechanism.Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,35(5):1045-1060
Qin Y S,1994.Sedimentation in northern China seas.In:Zhou D,Liang Y B,Zeng C K eds.Oceanology of China Seas.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publisher,396-406
Saito Y,Yang Z S,1995.Historical change of the Huanghe(Yellow River)and its impact on the sediment budget of the East China Sea.In:Tsunogai S,Iseki K,Koike I et al eds.Global Flux of Carbon and its Related Substances in the Coastal Sea-Ocean-Atmosphere System.Yokohama:M&JInternational,7-12
Washburn L,Swenson M S,Largier J L et al,1993.Cross-shelf sediment transport by an anticyclonic eddy off northern California.Science,261(5128):1560-1564
Weng X C,Wang C M,1988.On the Taiwan warm current water.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,6(4):320-329
Xu K H,Milliman J D,Li A C et al,2009.Yangtze-and Taiwan-derived sediments on the inner shelf of East China Sea.Continental Shelf Research,29(18):2240-2256
Zhang K N,Wang Z Y,Li W J et al,2018.Properties of coarse particles in suspended particulate matter of the North Yellow Sea during summer.Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,1-14
Zhang Q L,Liu H W,Qin S S et al,2014.The study on seasonal characteristics of water masses in the western East China Sea shelf area.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,33(11):64-74
蔡爱智,1982.长江入海泥沙的扩散.海洋学报,4(1):78-88
郭术津,2012.东海浮游植物群集研究.青岛:中国海洋大学硕士学位论文,25-37
郭志刚,杨作升,张东奇等,2002.冬、夏季东海北部悬浮体分布及海流对悬浮体输运的阻隔作用.海洋学报,24(5):71-80
胡敦欣,丁宗信,熊庆成,1984.东海北部一个夏季气旋型涡旋的初步分析.海洋科学集刊,(21):87-99
罗民波,陆健健,王云龙等,2007.东海浮游植物数量分布与优势种.生态学报,27(12):5076-5085
蓝淑芳,1996.东海北部冷涡海域夏季水文结构及涡动混合的研究.海洋科学集刊,(37):11-18
毛漢禮,甘子鈞,藍淑芳,1963.长江冲淡水及其混合问题的初步探讨.海洋与湖沼,5(3):183-206
乔方利,2012.中国区域海洋学-物理海洋学.北京:海洋出版社
乔璐璐,李广雪,邓声贵等,2010.夏季渤海湾中北部悬浮体分布.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(3):23-30
乔璐璐,王震,刘世东等,2017.从陆架海到西太平洋:黄、东海悬浮体跨陆架输运通道与机制.地学前缘,24(4):134-140
王从敏,翁学传,1987.台湾海峡水运移路径的分析.海洋科学,(3):1-5
王凯敏,熊学军,郭炳火等,2012.2006-2007年长江冲淡水的扩展形态及季节变化.海岸工程,31(1):46-54
翁学传,王从敏,1984.台湾暖流水(团)夏季T-S特征和来源的初步分析.海洋科学集刊,(21):113-133
王珍岩,张洪格,高微,2017.冬季西太平洋雅浦海山(Y3)区次表层叶绿素最大值层分布及其对悬浮体粒度的影响.海洋与湖沼,48(6):1404-1414
虞兰兰,江文胜,2011.黄、东海悬浮细颗粒物浓度和粒径分布变化研究.海洋与湖沼,42(4):474-481
杨作升,郭志刚,王兆祥等,1991.黄、东海毗邻海域悬浮体与水团的对应关系及影响因素.青岛海洋大学学报,21(3):55-69
杨作升,郭志刚,王兆祥等,1992.黄东海陆架悬浮体向其东部深海区输送的宏观格局.海洋学报,14(2):81-90
赵保仁,1991.长江冲淡水的转向机制问题.海洋学报,13(5):600-610
张慧,堵盘军,郑晓琴,2011.浙闽海域余流特征分析.海洋通报,30(2):151-157
Dadson S J,Hovius N,Chen H et al,2004.Earthquake-triggered increase in sediment delivery from an active mountain belt.Geology,32(8):733-736
Gao S,Jia J J,2002.Modeling suspended sediment distribution in continental shelf upwelling/downwelling settings.Geo-Marine Letters,22(4):218-226
Jassby A,Powell T,1975.Vertical patterns of eddy diffusion during stratification in Castle Lake,California.Limnology and Oceanography,20(4):530-543
Li G X,Qiao L L,Dong P et al,2016.Hydrodynamic condition and suspended sediment diffusion in the Yellow sea and East China Sea.Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,121(8):6204-6222
Lian E G,Yang S Y,Wu H et al,2016.Kuroshio subsurface water feeds the wintertime Taiwan warm current on the inner East China Sea shelf.Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,121(7):4790-4803
Liu J P,Li A C,Xu K H et al,2006.Sedimentary features of the Yangtze River-derived along-shelf clinoform deposit in the East China Sea.Continental Shelf Research,26(17-18):2141-2156
Meade R H,1996.River-sediment inputs to major deltas.In:Milliman J D,Haq B U eds.Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Subsidence:Causes,Consequences,and Strategies.Dordrecht:Springer,63-85
Milliman J D,Shen H T,Yang Z S et al,1985.Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf.Continental Shelf Research,4(1-2):37-45
Qi J F,Yin B S,Zhang Q L et al,2017.Seasonal variation of the Taiwan warm current water and its underlying mechanism.Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,35(5):1045-1060
Qin Y S,1994.Sedimentation in northern China seas.In:Zhou D,Liang Y B,Zeng C K eds.Oceanology of China Seas.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publisher,396-406
Saito Y,Yang Z S,1995.Historical change of the Huanghe(Yellow River)and its impact on the sediment budget of the East China Sea.In:Tsunogai S,Iseki K,Koike I et al eds.Global Flux of Carbon and its Related Substances in the Coastal Sea-Ocean-Atmosphere System.Yokohama:M&JInternational,7-12
Washburn L,Swenson M S,Largier J L et al,1993.Cross-shelf sediment transport by an anticyclonic eddy off northern California.Science,261(5128):1560-1564
Weng X C,Wang C M,1988.On the Taiwan warm current water.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,6(4):320-329
Xu K H,Milliman J D,Li A C et al,2009.Yangtze-and Taiwan-derived sediments on the inner shelf of East China Sea.Continental Shelf Research,29(18):2240-2256
Zhang K N,Wang Z Y,Li W J et al,2018.Properties of coarse particles in suspended particulate matter of the North Yellow Sea during summer.Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,1-14
Zhang Q L,Liu H W,Qin S S et al,2014.The study on seasonal characteristics of water masses in the western East China Sea shelf area.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,33(11):64-74