工业园中小企业火灾风险评估与调查研究
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摘要
提出一种针对工业园中小企业的火灾风险调查体系量化评估方法。在深圳市随机抽取5家工业园中的123家中小企业,进行现场调查并对调查结果进行了统计分析。结果表明:工业园中小企业综合火灾风险值分布最低值与最高值差异较大,但83.74%的企业火灾风险水平为"中";企业火灾风险水平与其所属行业存在一定的正相关;19个二级指标中,园区内中小企业在"硬件"配置上得分差异不大,但在6个"软件"管理参数上得分相差极大,揭示了当前工业园中小企业消防安全管理的薄弱环节。
This paper put forward a fire risk investigation system and a quantitative evaluation method for small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in industrial parks. One hundred and twenty three SMEs from 5 industrial parks in Shenzhen were randomly sampled to perform field investigation and statistical analysis. The results showed that fire risk level of 83.74% of the investigated SMEs is"medium", but the difference between the minimum value and the highest is great. There is a positive correlation between enterprise's fire risk level and its industry. Among the 19 class of indexes,"hardware"index have little difference in scores of each SMEs. But the scores of 6"software"management indexes are greatly different. The results reveal the weak links of fire safety management of SMEs in industrial parks.
This paper put forward a fire risk investigation system and a quantitative evaluation method for small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in industrial parks. One hundred and twenty three SMEs from 5 industrial parks in Shenzhen were randomly sampled to perform field investigation and statistical analysis. The results showed that fire risk level of 83.74% of the investigated SMEs is"medium", but the difference between the minimum value and the highest is great. There is a positive correlation between enterprise's fire risk level and its industry. Among the 19 class of indexes,"hardware"index have little difference in scores of each SMEs. But the scores of 6"software"management indexes are greatly different. The results reveal the weak links of fire safety management of SMEs in industrial parks.
引文
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[16]聂磊.基于火灾控制能力的高危单位火灾风险评估[J].消防科学与技术,2014,33(3):346-349.
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[2]HAN L,SONG,Y H,DUAN L,et al.Risk assessment methodology for Shenyang chemical industrial park based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(9):5185-5192.
[3]王雪栋,张明广,钱城江,等.化工园区事故社会群众风险感知动态模拟研[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(1):169-174.
[4]FELICIO M,AMARAL D,ESPOSTO K,et al.Industrial symbiosis indicators to manage eco-industrial parks as dynamic systems[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,118(1):54-64.
[5]DADDI T,IRALDO F,FREY M,et al.Regional policies and eco-industrial development:The voluntary environmental certification scheme of the eco-industrial parks in Tuscany(Italy)[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,114(4):62-70.
[6]CAGNO E,MICHELI G J L,JACINTO C,et al.An interpretive model of occupational safety performance for small-and medium-sized enterprises[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2014,44(1):60-74.
[7]OMIDVARI M,MANSOURI N,NOURI J.A pattern of fire risk assessment and emergency management in educational center laboratories[J].Safety Science,2015,73(11):34-42.
[8]KIM B S.A study on the general direction of fire-fighting safety management in high-rise buildings[J].Journal of Korea Safety Management&Science,2011,13(2):67-75.
[9]HAN Z Y,WENG W G,ZHAO Q L,et al.Investigation on an integrated evacuation route planning method based on real-time data acquisition for high-rise building fire[J].IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation system,2013,14(2):782-795.
[10]方正,陈娟娟,谢涛,等.基于聚类分析和AHP的商场类建筑火灾风险评估[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2015,36(3):442-447.
[11]LIU F,ZHAO S,WENG M,et al.Fire risk assessment for large-scale commercial buildings based on structure entropy weight method[J].Safety Science,2017,94:26-40.
[12]唐毅.上海商业古镇火灾风险评估[J].消防科学与技术,2017,36(5):727-730.
[13]李梅玲,路世昌.体育场馆火灾风险评估研究[J].消防技术与产品信息,2011,(6):6-9.
[14]杨捷,郑淏,金静.基于层次分析法的KTV场所消防安全评估[J].消防技术与产品信息,2016,(7):20-23.
[15]张朝晖.基于层次分析法的医院消防安全评估[J].消防科学与技术,2014,33(8):954-957.
[16]聂磊.基于火灾控制能力的高危单位火灾风险评估[J].消防科学与技术,2014,33(3):346-349.
[17]刘庆恩.火灾高危单位消防安全评估方法及预警监管机制建设[J].武警学院学报,2014,(4):58-61.
[18]LAU C K,LAI K K,LEE Y P,et al.Fire risk assessment with scoring system,using the support vector machine approach[J].Fire Safety Journal,2015,78(10):188-195.
[19]WADUD Z,HUDA F Y,AHMED N U.Assessment of fire risk in the readymade garment industry in Dhaka,Bangladesh[J].Fire Technology,2013,50(5):1127-1145.