高氯酸对土壤消解测定铅元素的影响
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摘要
实验选取了具有代表性的4种土壤标物,考察了微波-电热板消解法处理土壤时高氯酸的存在对铅元素测定结果的影响。ICP-MS的测试结果表明,无论是否使用高氯酸对土壤进行前处理,不同土壤称样量下的铅元素测定均能取得满意的结果。扫描电子显微镜及XPS分析证明,土壤消解后产生的残渣不含铅元素,也不具备颗粒活性炭的多孔结构,其不会对铅元素测定的准确度产生影响。实验证明,使用微波-电热板法消解土壤测定铅元素的过程中,高氯酸的使用是可以避免的。
Four kinds of typical soil standard samples were selected to investigate the effects of perchloric acid on determining Pb element when the soil was pretreated by use of microwave-heating plate digestion.The testing of ICP-MS indicated there were a satisfied results about determining Pb in dfifferent weighing samples no matter whether the perchloric acid was added during the soil digestion.The SEM(scanning electric microscope) and XPS(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) analysis showed the residual particles in solution after the soil digestion did not contain Pb element and the porous construction which was of the characteristics of active carbon,thus the residual particles did not lead to the decrease of the accuracy of the Pb measuring.In general,the use of perchloric acid could be avoided during the process of soil digestion using microwave-heating plate in the determination of Pb element.
Four kinds of typical soil standard samples were selected to investigate the effects of perchloric acid on determining Pb element when the soil was pretreated by use of microwave-heating plate digestion.The testing of ICP-MS indicated there were a satisfied results about determining Pb in dfifferent weighing samples no matter whether the perchloric acid was added during the soil digestion.The SEM(scanning electric microscope) and XPS(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) analysis showed the residual particles in solution after the soil digestion did not contain Pb element and the porous construction which was of the characteristics of active carbon,thus the residual particles did not lead to the decrease of the accuracy of the Pb measuring.In general,the use of perchloric acid could be avoided during the process of soil digestion using microwave-heating plate in the determination of Pb element.
引文
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[21]环境保护部.土壤和沉积物金属元素总量的消解微波消解法:HJ 832-2017[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2017.
[22]刘延慧.活性炭吸附处理含铅废水的研究[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2011,13(2):84-99.
[23]王代芝,夏世涛.活性炭处理含铅废水的试验研究[J].湖北师范学院学报(自然科学版),2011,31(4):92-94.
[24]杨洁扬,黄张根,韩小金,等.孔结构对活性炭吸附水溶液中铅离子的影响[J].物理化学学报,2015,31(10):1956-1962.
[2]HARVEY P J,ROUILLON M,DONG C,et al.Geochemical sources,forms and phases of soil contamination in an industrial city[J].Science of The Total Environment,2017,584-585:505-514.
[3]赵志南,冯文坤,张力,等.ICP-OES测定全国土壤污染状况详查——项目中9种金属元素[J].环境化学,2017,36(3):685-687.
[4]张云峰,李艳,严斌,等.葡萄园土壤中4种金属元素的测定及其对葡萄和葡萄酒的影响[J].食品科学,2010,31(24):374-379.
[5]吴婧,巢静波,彭杨,等.同位素稀释-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定沉积物中铬和汞[J].质谱学报,2017,38(6):647-654.
[6]彭杨,吴婧,巢静波,等.土壤-沉积物中14种金属元素的ICP-MS准确测定方法[J].环境化学,2017,36(1):175-182.
[7]张奇,郑昱.微波消解ICP-MS法测定土壤中的8种金属元素[J].广东化工,2016,43(9):241-242.
[8]环境保护部.土壤和沉积物 12种金属元素的测定王水提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法:HJ803-2017[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2016.
[9]ALSALEH K.A.M,MEUSER H,USMAN A.R.A,et al.A comparison of two digestion methods for assessing heavy metals level in urban soils influenced by mining and industrial activities[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,206:731-739.
[10]袁静.微波消解-ICP-MS 测定土壤和底泥中的12 种金属元素[J].中国环境监测,2012,28(5):96-99.
[11]李寅寅.微波消解ICP-AES法测定土壤中的金属元素研究[J].环境科学与管理,2014,39(7):133-135.
[12]杨丽华.微波消解ICP-MS法测定土壤中的十种金属元素[J].福建分析测试,2017,26(1):59-62.
[13]姚亮,薛瑞.ICP-MS 法测定土壤中金属元素[J].当代化工,2014,43(2):313-316.
[14]SANDRONI V.Microwave digestion of sediment,soils and urban particulate matter for trace metal analysis[J].Talanta,2003,60(4):715-723.
[15]李曼,李东雷,刘玺祥,等.ICP-MS测定水系沉积物和土壤中的W-Mo等金属元素[J].质谱学报,2006,27(2):99-109.
[16]IVANOVA J,DJINGOVA R,KORHANNER S,et al.On the microwave digestion of soils and sediments for determination of lanthanides and some toxic and eessential elements by inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry[J].Talanta,2001,54:567-574.
[17]吴红文,黄坚萍.微波消解/ICP-AES法测定土壤中的金属元素[J].上海水务,2007,23(4):14-16.
[18]田瑜,李杰,宋献光,等.土壤中重金属测定前处理方法的对比研究[J].环境科学与管理,2017,42(4):123-126.
[19]TORRES J.M,LLAURADO M,RAURET G.Microwave-assisted digestion of soils for the determination of 90Sr[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,1997,355:283-291.
[20]佘佳荣,喻宁华,段俊敏.不同酸消解体系对微波消解测定土壤中重金属的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2017,44(2):51-55.
[21]环境保护部.土壤和沉积物金属元素总量的消解微波消解法:HJ 832-2017[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2017.
[22]刘延慧.活性炭吸附处理含铅废水的研究[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2011,13(2):84-99.
[23]王代芝,夏世涛.活性炭处理含铅废水的试验研究[J].湖北师范学院学报(自然科学版),2011,31(4):92-94.
[24]杨洁扬,黄张根,韩小金,等.孔结构对活性炭吸附水溶液中铅离子的影响[J].物理化学学报,2015,31(10):1956-1962.