番茄漆斑病病原鉴定及防治药剂室内活性筛选
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摘要
【目的】本文研究了在天津市植保所武清创新基地温室番茄上一种叶部病害,明确了引起该病病原菌种类,并筛选出防治该病的有效药剂。【方法】运用形态学与对病菌核糖体DNA的ITS区分析相结合的方法对引起该病的病原进行鉴定,采用平皿法测定了9种杀菌剂对该病原菌的室内抑菌效果。【结果】病菌的形态学特征与已报道的引起番茄漆斑病的病原露湿漆斑菌Myrothecium roridum的形态学特征相一致,病菌ITS区序列与M.roridum的ITS区序列相似性最高,达到99%,进一步确定引起番茄叶斑病的病菌为露湿漆斑菌M.roridum。室内药剂筛选结果表明:41.7%氟吡菌酰胺SC、250 g/L嘧菌酯SC、250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯EC和80%多菌灵WP对该菌菌丝抑制效果最好,其EC_(50)值分别为0.094、0.781、1.041和1.396μg/mL。【结论】以上4种药剂均可作为防治番茄漆斑病的有效药剂。
【Objective】This paper aimed to identify the pathogen causing the tomato leaf spot disease in Tianjin and obtain effective fungicides against the disease.【Method】The pathogen by a combination of morphology and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region(ITS) was identified, and nine kinds of fungicides against the disease by plate method in the laboratary were screened. 【Result】The ITS area of pathogen was similar to the reported ITS area of Myrothecium roridum, and their similarity was 99 %. The pathogen causing tomato leaf spot, which was further determined, was M. roridum. The results of fungicides screening in laboratory indicated that 41.7 % fluopyram SC, 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC, 250 g/L pyraclostrobin EC and 80 % carbendazim WP had the best inhibitory effect on the growth of mycelium, which EC_(50) values were 0.094, 0.781, 1.041 and 1.396 μg/mL, respectively. 【Conclusion】The above four fungicides can be used as chemicals to control the disease.
【Objective】This paper aimed to identify the pathogen causing the tomato leaf spot disease in Tianjin and obtain effective fungicides against the disease.【Method】The pathogen by a combination of morphology and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region(ITS) was identified, and nine kinds of fungicides against the disease by plate method in the laboratary were screened. 【Result】The ITS area of pathogen was similar to the reported ITS area of Myrothecium roridum, and their similarity was 99 %. The pathogen causing tomato leaf spot, which was further determined, was M. roridum. The results of fungicides screening in laboratory indicated that 41.7 % fluopyram SC, 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC, 250 g/L pyraclostrobin EC and 80 % carbendazim WP had the best inhibitory effect on the growth of mycelium, which EC_(50) values were 0.094, 0.781, 1.041 and 1.396 μg/mL, respectively. 【Conclusion】The above four fungicides can be used as chemicals to control the disease.
引文
[1]潘龙其,张丽,杨成德,等.紫花苜蓿根腐病原菌——拟枝孢镰刀菌的鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].草业学报,2015,24(10):88-98.
[2]赵金梅,高贵田,谷留杰,等.中华猕猴桃褐斑病病原鉴定及抑菌药剂筛选[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(23):4916-4925.
[3]吴良庆,朱立武,衡伟,等.砀山梨炭疽病病原鉴定及其抑菌药剂筛选[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(18):3750-3758.
[4]邓维萍,杨敏,杜飞,等.云南葡萄产区葡萄炭疽病病原鉴定及致病力分析[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(1):61-67.
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[6]崔萍,安慧,张楠,等.番茄枯萎病病原菌鉴定与拮抗菌筛选[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(3):1038-1043.
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[8]赵彦杰,李宝聚,石延霞,等.番茄叶片漆腐病病原菌鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2009,39(5):528-531.
[9]朱桂宁,蔡健和,胡春锦,等.广西山药炭疽病病原菌的鉴定与ITS 序列分析[J].植物病理学报,2007,37(6):572-577.
[10]易润华,朱西儒,周而勋.简化 CTAB 法快速微量提取丝状真菌DNA[J].湛江海洋大学学报,2003,23(6):72-73.
[11]中华人民共和国农业行业标准.NY/T 1156.2-2006,农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第2部分:抑制病原真菌菌丝生长试验(平皿法)[S].
[12]STEVENSON J A,MECOLLOCHL P.Myrotheciumas a tomato fruit rot organism[J].Plant Disease Reporter,1947,31:147-149.
[13]TANDON R N,SRIVASTAVA M P.Myrothecium rot of tomato[J].Current Science,1963,32(9):426-427.
[14]GAUR S C,PATHAK V N.Physiological studies on Myrothecium roridum inciting fruit rot of tomato[J].Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology,1977(9):109-110.
[15]堵鹤鸣,浦冠勤,毛建萍,等.桑树漆斑病菌的鉴定和某些性状的研究[J].植物保护学报,1988,15(4):229-234.
[16]贲海燕,李宝聚,刘学敏,等.瑞典常春藤漆斑病病原鉴定[J].园艺学报,2009,36(4):553-558.
[17]李宝聚,赵彦杰.茄子漆斑病病原鉴定[J].中国蔬菜,2009,15:20-21.
[18]王飞,刘红彦,文艺,等.山药漆腐叶斑病病原菌的鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].园艺学报,2017,44(5):972-978.
[19]谢昀烨,王连平,方丽,等.6种杀菌剂对铁皮石斛漆斑病的田间防效[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(3):444-445.
[20]PATEL J S,GUDMESTAD N C,MEINHARDT S,et al.Pyraclostrobin sensitivity of baseline and fungicide exposed isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis[J].Crop Protection,2012,34:37-41.
[21]YPEMA H L,GOLD R E.Kresoxim-methyl modification of a natural occurring compound to produce a new fungicide[J].Plant Disease,1999,83:4-19.
[22]LOTHAR E,BYRON Q,YONG F L,et al.Crystallographic studies of quinol oxidation site inhibitors:a modified classification of inhibitors for the cytochrome bc1 complex[J].Journal of Molecular Biology,2004,341:281-302.
[23]符伟辉,葛喜珍,田平芳.小檗碱和多菌灵复配对桃褐腐病菌的抑制效果[J].北京化工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(1):89-92.
[24]叶正和,苏贤岩,任学祥,等.氯啶菌酯与多菌灵混配对草莓白粉病的增效作用及田间效果测定[J].农药,2013,52(6):447-448.
[25]龚双军,杨立军,向礼波,等.2013年湖北省小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵和戊唑醇的敏感性[J].农药学学报,2014,16(5):610-613.
[26]胡进,吴进龙,陈铁春.氟吡菌酰胺500 g/L 悬浮剂的气相色谱分析方法研究[J].农药科学与管理,2008,29(11):19-21.
[27]FOUGHT L,MUSSON G H,BLOOMBERG J R,et al.Fluopyram-a new active ingredient from bayer crop science[J].Phytopathology,2009,99:S36.
[28]KLAGES U.New fungicidal active ingredient fluopyram strengthens product portfolio [EB/OL].[2010-3-10].
[29]陈彦,赵彤华,徐蕾,等.氟吡菌酰胺防治瓜类及草莓白粉病田间试验[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(13):281-284.
[2]赵金梅,高贵田,谷留杰,等.中华猕猴桃褐斑病病原鉴定及抑菌药剂筛选[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(23):4916-4925.
[3]吴良庆,朱立武,衡伟,等.砀山梨炭疽病病原鉴定及其抑菌药剂筛选[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(18):3750-3758.
[4]邓维萍,杨敏,杜飞,等.云南葡萄产区葡萄炭疽病病原鉴定及致病力分析[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(1):61-67.
[5]耿立华,李常保,迟胜起,等.番茄颈腐根腐病病原鉴定及不同条件对其生长的影响[J].植物病理学报,2012,42(5):449-455.
[6]崔萍,安慧,张楠,等.番茄枯萎病病原菌鉴定与拮抗菌筛选[J].西南农业学报,2013,26(3):1038-1043.
[7]王文静,裴冬丽,马原松,等.商丘地区番茄白粉菌的鉴定[J].河南大学学报,2009,39(5):505-508.
[8]赵彦杰,李宝聚,石延霞,等.番茄叶片漆腐病病原菌鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2009,39(5):528-531.
[9]朱桂宁,蔡健和,胡春锦,等.广西山药炭疽病病原菌的鉴定与ITS 序列分析[J].植物病理学报,2007,37(6):572-577.
[10]易润华,朱西儒,周而勋.简化 CTAB 法快速微量提取丝状真菌DNA[J].湛江海洋大学学报,2003,23(6):72-73.
[11]中华人民共和国农业行业标准.NY/T 1156.2-2006,农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第2部分:抑制病原真菌菌丝生长试验(平皿法)[S].
[12]STEVENSON J A,MECOLLOCHL P.Myrotheciumas a tomato fruit rot organism[J].Plant Disease Reporter,1947,31:147-149.
[13]TANDON R N,SRIVASTAVA M P.Myrothecium rot of tomato[J].Current Science,1963,32(9):426-427.
[14]GAUR S C,PATHAK V N.Physiological studies on Myrothecium roridum inciting fruit rot of tomato[J].Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology,1977(9):109-110.
[15]堵鹤鸣,浦冠勤,毛建萍,等.桑树漆斑病菌的鉴定和某些性状的研究[J].植物保护学报,1988,15(4):229-234.
[16]贲海燕,李宝聚,刘学敏,等.瑞典常春藤漆斑病病原鉴定[J].园艺学报,2009,36(4):553-558.
[17]李宝聚,赵彦杰.茄子漆斑病病原鉴定[J].中国蔬菜,2009,15:20-21.
[18]王飞,刘红彦,文艺,等.山药漆腐叶斑病病原菌的鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].园艺学报,2017,44(5):972-978.
[19]谢昀烨,王连平,方丽,等.6种杀菌剂对铁皮石斛漆斑病的田间防效[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(3):444-445.
[20]PATEL J S,GUDMESTAD N C,MEINHARDT S,et al.Pyraclostrobin sensitivity of baseline and fungicide exposed isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis[J].Crop Protection,2012,34:37-41.
[21]YPEMA H L,GOLD R E.Kresoxim-methyl modification of a natural occurring compound to produce a new fungicide[J].Plant Disease,1999,83:4-19.
[22]LOTHAR E,BYRON Q,YONG F L,et al.Crystallographic studies of quinol oxidation site inhibitors:a modified classification of inhibitors for the cytochrome bc1 complex[J].Journal of Molecular Biology,2004,341:281-302.
[23]符伟辉,葛喜珍,田平芳.小檗碱和多菌灵复配对桃褐腐病菌的抑制效果[J].北京化工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(1):89-92.
[24]叶正和,苏贤岩,任学祥,等.氯啶菌酯与多菌灵混配对草莓白粉病的增效作用及田间效果测定[J].农药,2013,52(6):447-448.
[25]龚双军,杨立军,向礼波,等.2013年湖北省小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵和戊唑醇的敏感性[J].农药学学报,2014,16(5):610-613.
[26]胡进,吴进龙,陈铁春.氟吡菌酰胺500 g/L 悬浮剂的气相色谱分析方法研究[J].农药科学与管理,2008,29(11):19-21.
[27]FOUGHT L,MUSSON G H,BLOOMBERG J R,et al.Fluopyram-a new active ingredient from bayer crop science[J].Phytopathology,2009,99:S36.
[28]KLAGES U.New fungicidal active ingredient fluopyram strengthens product portfolio [EB/OL].[2010-3-10].
[29]陈彦,赵彤华,徐蕾,等.氟吡菌酰胺防治瓜类及草莓白粉病田间试验[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(13):281-284.