云南药山黄背栎种群不同海拔空间格局分析
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摘要
黄背栎(Quercus pannosa)是硬叶常绿阔叶林的代表树种之一,具有较强的克隆萌生能力,影响其种群更新和格局特征。通过对云南药山三个不同海拔(2900 m、3100 m、3300 m)的黄背栎种群分布格局展开调查,采用点格局分析法对其不同海拔下克隆株与实生株的格局特征及其相互关系进行了研究。结果表明,克隆株和实生株的种群密度随海拔递减,实生苗在低海拔地段占优势。黄背栎实生株与克隆株在高海拔地段呈集群分布,实生株在小尺度下(0—1 m)集群分布,随尺度的增大逐渐过渡到随机分布;低海拔处克隆株与实生株的空间关系呈显著正相关,高海拔小尺度下二者为正相关,大尺度下呈负相关。
Quercus pannosa is one of the representative species of sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest, which has strong clonal initiation ability and affects its population regeneration and pattern characteristics. According to investigate Quercus pannosa's the distribution pattern which is in three different elevation(2900 m, 3100 m, 3300 m) in Yunnan Yaoshan, and the pattern characteristics and relationship of clonal and solid strains at different altitudes were studied by point pattern analysis. The results showed that the density of clones and solid strains decreased with altitude, and the seedlings were dominant at low altitude. The Quercus pannosa's solid and clonal strains showed clustered at high altitude areas, and the solid strains were clustered in small scale(0-1 m), but gradually transited to random distribution with the increase of scale. The spatial relationship between the clonal strains and the solid strains was positively correlated at low altitude, and the two were positively correlated in the high altitude small scale, there was a negative correlation in the large scale.
Quercus pannosa is one of the representative species of sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaved forest, which has strong clonal initiation ability and affects its population regeneration and pattern characteristics. According to investigate Quercus pannosa's the distribution pattern which is in three different elevation(2900 m, 3100 m, 3300 m) in Yunnan Yaoshan, and the pattern characteristics and relationship of clonal and solid strains at different altitudes were studied by point pattern analysis. The results showed that the density of clones and solid strains decreased with altitude, and the seedlings were dominant at low altitude. The Quercus pannosa's solid and clonal strains showed clustered at high altitude areas, and the solid strains were clustered in small scale(0-1 m), but gradually transited to random distribution with the increase of scale. The spatial relationship between the clonal strains and the solid strains was positively correlated at low altitude, and the two were positively correlated in the high altitude small scale, there was a negative correlation in the large scale.
引文
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[2]董鸣,于飞海.克隆植物生态学术语和概念[J].植物生态学报,2007,31(4):689-694.
[3]于飞海,董鸣.生态学研究热点克隆植物生态学[J].植物杂志,2001,3:32-33.
[4]闫海冰,韩有志,杨秀清,等.华北山地典型天然次生林群落的树种空间分布格局及其关联性[J].生态学报,2010,30:2311-2321.
[5]WIEGAND T,MOLONEY K A.Rings,circles,and null-models for point pattern analysis in ecology[J].Oikos,2004,104(2):209-229.
[6]王磊,孙启武,郝朝运,等.皖南山区南方红豆杉种群不同龄级立木的点格局分析[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(2):272-278.
[7]NATHAN R.Long-distance dispersal of plants[J].Science,2006,313:786-788.
[8]郭垚鑫,康冰,李刚,等.小陇山红桦次生林物种组成与立木的点格局分析[J].应用生态学报,2011,22:2574-2580.
[9]楚光明,王梅,张硕新.准噶尔盆地南缘洪积扇无叶假木贼种群空间点格局[J].林业科学,2014,50:8-14.
[10]许彦明,张彦东,孙海龙,等.水曲柳天然林种群的点格局分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42:40-45.
[11]金振洲,区普定.我国的硬叶常绿阔叶林[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),1981(2):13-20.
[12]彭明春,王崇云,党承林.云南药山自然保护区生物多样性及保护研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[13]杨钦周.中国-喜马拉雅地区硬叶栎林的持点与分类[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1990,14(3):197-211.
[14]吴俊侠,张希明,李利,等.塔里木河干流中游胡杨种群特征与动态分析[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(2):242-248.
[15]康华靖,陈子林,刘鹏,等.大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局[J].生态学报,2007,27(1):389-396.
[16]陈晓德.植物种群与群落结构动态量化分析方法研究[J].生态学报,1998,18(2):214-217.
[17]安树青,王峥峰.海南五指山热带山地雨林主要种群结构特征分析[J].应用生态学报,1999(6):641-644.
[18]LI Wei,ZHANG Guangfu.Population structure and spatial pattern of the endemic and endangered subtropical tree Parrotia subaequalis(Hamamelidaceae)[J].FloraMorphology Distribution Functional Ecology of Plants,2015,212:10-18.
[19]MIAO Ning,LIU Shirong,YU Hong,et al.Spatial analysis of remnant tree effects in a secondary Abies-Betula,forest on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Forest Ecology&Management,2014,313(313):104-111.
[20]孙儒泳,李博,诸葛阳,等.普通生态学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[21]KUDO G,MOLAU U.Variations in reproductive traits at inflorescence and flower levels of an arctic legume,Astragalus alpinus,L.:Comparisons between a subalpine and an alpine population[J].Plant Species Biology,1999,14(14):181-191.
[22]王一峰,刘启茜.青藏高原3种风毛菊属植物的繁殖分配与海拔高度的相关性[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(1):39-46.
[23]樊宝丽,孟金柳,赵志刚,等.海拔对青藏高原东部毛茛科植物繁殖特征和资源分配的影响[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(4):4805-4811.
[24]NUMA P P.Distribution of plant life forms along altitudinal gradient in the semi-arid valley of Zapotitlán,México[J].Journal of Vegetation Science,2000,11(1):39-42.
[25]陈钊,管永卓,梁新平,等.海拔高度对披碱草属植物形态特征的可塑性[J].草地学报,2015,23(5):897-904.
[26]潘红丽,李迈和,蔡小虎.海拔梯度上的植物生长与生理生态特性[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(2):722-730.
[27]MéNDEZ M,TRAVESET A.Sexual allocation in singleflowered hermaphroditic individuals in relation to plant and flower size[J].Oecologia,2003,137(1):69.
[28]HEGAZY A K,ELDEMERDASH M A,HOSNI H A.Vegetation,species diversity and floristic relations along an altitudinal gradient in south-west Saudi Arabia.[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1998,38(1):3-13.
[29]王仁忠.不同生境条件下羊草种群无性系和有性生殖特征的比较研究[J].应用生态学报,200l,12(3):379-383.
[30]MEYER S E,MONSEN S B.Habitat-correlated variation in mountain big sagebrush(Artemisia tridentate ssp.vaseyana)seed germination patterns[J].Ecology,1991.72:739-742.
[31]王梅英,刘文,刘坤,等.青藏高原东缘10种禾本科植物种子萌发的基温和积温[J].草业科学,2011,28(6):983-987.
[32]SHEA N G,MARC M.Modeling investment in seeds,clonal offspring,and translocation in a clonal plant[J].Ecology,1999,80:1202-1220.
[33]GRIME J P.Plant strategies and vegetation processes[M].Chichester:John Wiley&Sons,1979.
[34]陈仁飞,姬明飞,关佳威,等.植物对称性竞争与非对称性竞争研究进展及展望[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(05):530-540.
[35]何池全,赵魁义,余国营.湿地克隆植物的繁殖对策与生态适应性[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(6):38-46.