不同水分处理对两种结实率菊芋表型性状与繁殖策略的影响
|
摘要
选择高品系(LZJ040,结实率高)和低品系(LZJ004,结实率低)菊芋作为试验材料,设置6种水分梯度处理,测量块茎干重、块茎芽数、种子干重和种子数量等指标,探讨水分变化对2种菊芋品系表型性状、有性繁殖、无性繁殖的影响以及2种繁殖方式之间的权衡.结果表明,水分增加可以显著促进高、低品系菊芋的株高、基径和叶面积;水分增加对高、低品系的无性繁殖有促进作用, 2种品系对水分变化的敏感程度不一样,高品系的无性繁殖对水分的变化更敏感;水分可以显著促进高、低品系菊芋的有性繁殖;相比无性繁殖,水分增加更能促进高、低品系有性繁殖,且品系间不存在显著性.水分的变化显著影响2种不同结实率菊芋的表型和繁殖策略,随着水分增加、环境条件改善, 2种菊芋都倾向于有性繁殖.
High-line(LZJ040, high seed setting rate) and low-line(LZJ004, low seed setting rate) Helianthus tuberosus were selected as test materials, and six water gradients were set up to measure the dry weight of tuber, number of buds, dry weight of seeds, seed number and other indexes, in order to study the effects of water changes on phenotypic traits, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction and the tradeoff of the two modes of reproduction. The results showed that increase of water could significantly promote plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of high-and low-line H. tuberosus; the increase of water had a promoting effect on the asexual reproduction of the two strains; their sensitivity was not the same to water change, with the asexual propagation of the high-line being more sensitive. Water could significantly promote the sexual reproduction of high-and low-line H. tuberosus. In contrast to asexual reproduction, increased water promoted the sexual reproduction of the two strains, and there was no significant difference between them. The changes in water significantly affected the phenotype and reproductive strategies of the two kinds of H. tuberosus and, with increasing water content and improved environmental conditions, both strains of H. tuberosus tended to reproduce sexually.
High-line(LZJ040, high seed setting rate) and low-line(LZJ004, low seed setting rate) Helianthus tuberosus were selected as test materials, and six water gradients were set up to measure the dry weight of tuber, number of buds, dry weight of seeds, seed number and other indexes, in order to study the effects of water changes on phenotypic traits, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction and the tradeoff of the two modes of reproduction. The results showed that increase of water could significantly promote plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of high-and low-line H. tuberosus; the increase of water had a promoting effect on the asexual reproduction of the two strains; their sensitivity was not the same to water change, with the asexual propagation of the high-line being more sensitive. Water could significantly promote the sexual reproduction of high-and low-line H. tuberosus. In contrast to asexual reproduction, increased water promoted the sexual reproduction of the two strains, and there was no significant difference between them. The changes in water significantly affected the phenotype and reproductive strategies of the two kinds of H. tuberosus and, with increasing water content and improved environmental conditions, both strains of H. tuberosus tended to reproduce sexually.
引文
[1]胡启鹏,郭志华,李春燕,等.植物表型可塑性对非生物环境因子的响应研究进展[J].林业科学, 2008, 44(5):135-142.
[2] Hooper D U, Chapin F S, Ewel J J, et al. Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning:a consensus of current knowledge[J]. Ecological Monographs, 2005, 75(1):3-35.
[3]李良,陈年来.干扰对克隆植物分株理想自由分布的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2017, 53(2):259-263.
[4]卢月娅.不同海拔梯度下椭圆叶花锚的适应机制研究[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2017.
[5]孙小妹,陈菁菁,李金霞,等.施肥后青藏高原亚高寒草甸典型物种生态化学计量特征及光合特性的变化[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 54(6):804-810.
[6]李琼,高晓霞,杨颖丽,等.盐胁迫下内源ROS与NO的产生及其对小麦幼苗生理特性的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 54(2):192-199.
[7]王洪义,王正文,李凌浩,等.不同生境中克隆植物的繁殖倾向[J].生态学杂志, 2005, 24(6):670-676.
[8] Pfeiffer T, Günzel C, Frey W. Clonal reproduction, vegetative multiplication and habitat colonisation in Tussilago farfara(Asteraceae):a combined morpho-ecological and molecular study[J]. Flora-Morphology, Distribution,Functional Ecology of Plants, 2008, 203(4):281-291.
[9] Botany A. Ecological and evolutionary consequences of sexual and clonal reproduction in aquatic plants[J].Aquatic Botany, 2016, 135:46-61.
[10] RaabováJ, van Rossum F, Jacquemart A L, et al. Population size affects genetic diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic structure in the clonal distylous herb Menyanthes trifoliata[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2015, 17(3):193-200.
[11] Li Wei-guo, Wang Jian-bo. Influence of light and nitrate assimilation on the growth strategy in clonal weed Eichhornia crassipes[J]. Aquatic Ecology, 2011, 45(1):1-9.
[12]张玉芬,张大勇.克隆植物的无性与有性繁殖对策[J].植物生态学报, 2006, 30(1):174-183.
[13]张玉凤,陈荣健,马辉,等.不同环境因素对两种结实率菊芋繁殖策略的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 54(5):705-710.
[14]陈利顶,傅伯杰.干扰的类型、特征及其生态学意义[J].生态学报, 2000, 20(4):581-586.
[15]张杰,蒋显锋,陈玲玲,等.巨伞钟报春繁殖策略随海拔梯度的变异[J].西北植物学报, 2017, 37(7):1404-1413.
[16] Li Bo, Shibuya T, Yogo Y, et al. Interclonal differences,plasticity and trade-offs of life history traits of Cyperus esculentus in relation to water availability[J]. Plant Species Biology, 2001, 16(3):193-207.
[17]袁龙义,李守淳,李伟,等.水深对刺苦草生长和繁殖策略的影响研究[J].江西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007, 31(2):156-160.
[18] Dewitt T J, Sih A, WilsonI D S. Costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity[J]. Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1998, 13(2):77-81.
[19] Mcelrone A J, Pockman W T, Martínez-Vilalta J, et al.Variation in xylem structure and function in stems and roots of trees to 20 m depth[J]. New Phytologist, 2004,163(3):507-517.
[20] Haukos D A, Smith L M. Effects of soil water on seed production and photosynthesis of pink smartweed(Polygonum pensylvanicum, L.)in playa wetlands[J]. Wetlands, 2006, 26(1):265-270.
[21] Hodah H, Muraoka H, Washitani I. Morphological and physiological acclimation responses to contrasting light and water regimes in Primula sieboldii[J]. Ecological Research, 2004, 19:331-340.
[22] Leavit S W. Biogeochemistry, an analysis of global change[J]. Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union, 1998, 79(2):20-21.
[23] Jusaitis M, Polomka L, Sorensen B. Habitat specificity,seed germination and experimental translocation of the endangered herb Brachycome muelleri(Asteraceae)[J].Biological Conservation, 2004, 116(2):251-266.
[24] Matesanz S, Escudero A, Valladares F. Impact of three global change drivers on a mediterranean shrub[J]. Ecology, 2009, 90(9):2609-2621.
[25]王银柱,王冬,刘玉,等.不同水分梯度下能源植物芒草和柳枝稷生物量分配规律[J].草业科学, 2015,32(2):236-240.
[26] Thompson J D. How do visitation patterns vary among pollinators in relation to floral display and floral design in a generalist pollination system?[J]. Oecologia, 2001,126(3):386-394.
[27]樊宝丽,孟金柳,赵志刚,等.海拔对青藏高原东部毛茛科植物繁殖特征和资源分配的影响[J].西北植物学报, 2008, 28(4):805-811.
[28] Pluess A R, Schütz W, St?cklin J. Seed weight increases with altitude in the Swiss Alps between related species but not among populations of individual species[J].Oecologia, 2005, 144(1):55-61.
[29] Zhang Xiao-lin, Gituru R W, Yang Chun-feng, et al.Variations of floral traits among different life forms illustrate the evolution of pollination systems in Potamogeton species from China[J]. Aquatic Botany, 2009,90(2):124-128.
[30]刘家福,单利博,韩程,等.近50年吉林省西部降雨量时空格局分析[J].吉林师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017, 38(1):131-134.
[31]王玉柱,鲁韧强,孙浩元,等.捷克的果树科研与生产考察[J].北京农业科学, 2002, 20(1):35-38.
[32] Méndez M. Effects of sexual reproduction on growth and vegetative propagation in the perennial geophyte Arum italicum(Araceae)[J]. Plant Biology, 1999, 1(1):115-120.
[33] Rebora C, Lelio H, Ibarguren L, et al. Effect of plant population density on tuber yield of Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)urban waste water irrigated[J]. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias,2011, 43(2):83-90.
[34] Janket A, Jogloy S, Vorasoot N, et al. Genetic diversity of water use efficiency in Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)germplasm[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013, 7(11):1670-1681.
[2] Hooper D U, Chapin F S, Ewel J J, et al. Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning:a consensus of current knowledge[J]. Ecological Monographs, 2005, 75(1):3-35.
[3]李良,陈年来.干扰对克隆植物分株理想自由分布的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2017, 53(2):259-263.
[4]卢月娅.不同海拔梯度下椭圆叶花锚的适应机制研究[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2017.
[5]孙小妹,陈菁菁,李金霞,等.施肥后青藏高原亚高寒草甸典型物种生态化学计量特征及光合特性的变化[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 54(6):804-810.
[6]李琼,高晓霞,杨颖丽,等.盐胁迫下内源ROS与NO的产生及其对小麦幼苗生理特性的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 54(2):192-199.
[7]王洪义,王正文,李凌浩,等.不同生境中克隆植物的繁殖倾向[J].生态学杂志, 2005, 24(6):670-676.
[8] Pfeiffer T, Günzel C, Frey W. Clonal reproduction, vegetative multiplication and habitat colonisation in Tussilago farfara(Asteraceae):a combined morpho-ecological and molecular study[J]. Flora-Morphology, Distribution,Functional Ecology of Plants, 2008, 203(4):281-291.
[9] Botany A. Ecological and evolutionary consequences of sexual and clonal reproduction in aquatic plants[J].Aquatic Botany, 2016, 135:46-61.
[10] RaabováJ, van Rossum F, Jacquemart A L, et al. Population size affects genetic diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic structure in the clonal distylous herb Menyanthes trifoliata[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2015, 17(3):193-200.
[11] Li Wei-guo, Wang Jian-bo. Influence of light and nitrate assimilation on the growth strategy in clonal weed Eichhornia crassipes[J]. Aquatic Ecology, 2011, 45(1):1-9.
[12]张玉芬,张大勇.克隆植物的无性与有性繁殖对策[J].植物生态学报, 2006, 30(1):174-183.
[13]张玉凤,陈荣健,马辉,等.不同环境因素对两种结实率菊芋繁殖策略的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 54(5):705-710.
[14]陈利顶,傅伯杰.干扰的类型、特征及其生态学意义[J].生态学报, 2000, 20(4):581-586.
[15]张杰,蒋显锋,陈玲玲,等.巨伞钟报春繁殖策略随海拔梯度的变异[J].西北植物学报, 2017, 37(7):1404-1413.
[16] Li Bo, Shibuya T, Yogo Y, et al. Interclonal differences,plasticity and trade-offs of life history traits of Cyperus esculentus in relation to water availability[J]. Plant Species Biology, 2001, 16(3):193-207.
[17]袁龙义,李守淳,李伟,等.水深对刺苦草生长和繁殖策略的影响研究[J].江西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007, 31(2):156-160.
[18] Dewitt T J, Sih A, WilsonI D S. Costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity[J]. Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1998, 13(2):77-81.
[19] Mcelrone A J, Pockman W T, Martínez-Vilalta J, et al.Variation in xylem structure and function in stems and roots of trees to 20 m depth[J]. New Phytologist, 2004,163(3):507-517.
[20] Haukos D A, Smith L M. Effects of soil water on seed production and photosynthesis of pink smartweed(Polygonum pensylvanicum, L.)in playa wetlands[J]. Wetlands, 2006, 26(1):265-270.
[21] Hodah H, Muraoka H, Washitani I. Morphological and physiological acclimation responses to contrasting light and water regimes in Primula sieboldii[J]. Ecological Research, 2004, 19:331-340.
[22] Leavit S W. Biogeochemistry, an analysis of global change[J]. Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union, 1998, 79(2):20-21.
[23] Jusaitis M, Polomka L, Sorensen B. Habitat specificity,seed germination and experimental translocation of the endangered herb Brachycome muelleri(Asteraceae)[J].Biological Conservation, 2004, 116(2):251-266.
[24] Matesanz S, Escudero A, Valladares F. Impact of three global change drivers on a mediterranean shrub[J]. Ecology, 2009, 90(9):2609-2621.
[25]王银柱,王冬,刘玉,等.不同水分梯度下能源植物芒草和柳枝稷生物量分配规律[J].草业科学, 2015,32(2):236-240.
[26] Thompson J D. How do visitation patterns vary among pollinators in relation to floral display and floral design in a generalist pollination system?[J]. Oecologia, 2001,126(3):386-394.
[27]樊宝丽,孟金柳,赵志刚,等.海拔对青藏高原东部毛茛科植物繁殖特征和资源分配的影响[J].西北植物学报, 2008, 28(4):805-811.
[28] Pluess A R, Schütz W, St?cklin J. Seed weight increases with altitude in the Swiss Alps between related species but not among populations of individual species[J].Oecologia, 2005, 144(1):55-61.
[29] Zhang Xiao-lin, Gituru R W, Yang Chun-feng, et al.Variations of floral traits among different life forms illustrate the evolution of pollination systems in Potamogeton species from China[J]. Aquatic Botany, 2009,90(2):124-128.
[30]刘家福,单利博,韩程,等.近50年吉林省西部降雨量时空格局分析[J].吉林师范大学学报:自然科学版,2017, 38(1):131-134.
[31]王玉柱,鲁韧强,孙浩元,等.捷克的果树科研与生产考察[J].北京农业科学, 2002, 20(1):35-38.
[32] Méndez M. Effects of sexual reproduction on growth and vegetative propagation in the perennial geophyte Arum italicum(Araceae)[J]. Plant Biology, 1999, 1(1):115-120.
[33] Rebora C, Lelio H, Ibarguren L, et al. Effect of plant population density on tuber yield of Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)urban waste water irrigated[J]. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias,2011, 43(2):83-90.
[34] Janket A, Jogloy S, Vorasoot N, et al. Genetic diversity of water use efficiency in Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.)germplasm[J]. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013, 7(11):1670-1681.