不同间伐强度对华北落叶松人工林竞争关系的影响
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摘要
通过在3种不同间伐强度的华北落叶松人工林作业区设置样地,利用Hegyi简单竞争指数模型对不同树种对象木以及经营核心目标树的竞争压力量化表达比较,并对抚育间伐对林分竞争特征的改变及驱动作用进行研究。结果表明:间伐能驱动林木竞争特征发生改变,不同间伐强度样地内竞争压力格局呈现不同程度的趋异化;各间伐强度对象木胸径及其所受的竞争压力指数均能被幂函数较好的拟合,其中拟合度排序为中度间伐(李山沟) R2=0.592)>弱度间伐(丁羊沟) R2=0.571)>重度间伐(五叶沟)(R2=0.500);随着间伐强度级别的升高,对象木和目标树受到的竞争压力均减小,间伐对于所受竞争压力偏大的目标树缓释压力的作用更好;不同间伐强度级别目标树所受到的竞争压力差异极显著。不同间伐强度目标树所受竞争压力随径阶升高均呈现下降趋势,小径阶目标树所受的竞争压力较其他径阶相对较大。
A sample plot was established in the Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation with three different levels thinning intensities.We used a Hegyi simple competition index to quantify competition between different tree species. Also,the changes in the competitive features of trees that were caused by intermediate cutting and driving role were studied. The findings indicated that intermediate cutting could accelerate changes in trees' competitive features. In the sample plot with the different thinning intensities,In our experimental plot,competitive responses varied between trees in the different the thinning intensity treatments. Diameter at breast height(DBH) and competitive pressure index of each thinning intensity could be greatly fitting by power function the degree fitting was ranked as: moderate thinning(Lishangou)(R2= 0.592) >weak thinning(Dingyanggou)(R2= 0.571) >severe thinning(Wuyegou)(R2= 0. 500). The competitive pressure of object trees and target trees were reduced with an increase in thinning intensity. Further,intermediate cutting relieved pressure from target trees that were experiencing high competitive pressures. The difference in competitive pressure between target trees under different thinning intensities was extremely statistically significant. The competitve pressures than target trees experienced under the various thinning intensities decreased with an increase in diameter class.The competitive pressure suffered by target trees in the small diameter class was higher than in the other diameter classes.
A sample plot was established in the Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation with three different levels thinning intensities.We used a Hegyi simple competition index to quantify competition between different tree species. Also,the changes in the competitive features of trees that were caused by intermediate cutting and driving role were studied. The findings indicated that intermediate cutting could accelerate changes in trees' competitive features. In the sample plot with the different thinning intensities,In our experimental plot,competitive responses varied between trees in the different the thinning intensity treatments. Diameter at breast height(DBH) and competitive pressure index of each thinning intensity could be greatly fitting by power function the degree fitting was ranked as: moderate thinning(Lishangou)(R2= 0.592) >weak thinning(Dingyanggou)(R2= 0.571) >severe thinning(Wuyegou)(R2= 0. 500). The competitive pressure of object trees and target trees were reduced with an increase in thinning intensity. Further,intermediate cutting relieved pressure from target trees that were experiencing high competitive pressures. The difference in competitive pressure between target trees under different thinning intensities was extremely statistically significant. The competitve pressures than target trees experienced under the various thinning intensities decreased with an increase in diameter class.The competitive pressure suffered by target trees in the small diameter class was higher than in the other diameter classes.
引文
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[13] YOKOZAWA M,KUBOTA Y,HARA T. Effects of competition model on spatial pattern dynamics in plant communities[J].Ecological Modelling,1998,106(1):1-16.
[14]孜来比·买木提名,杨华,赵广亮,等.单木竞争指标的研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):152-158.
[15]仇建习,汤孟平,娄明华,等.基于Hegyi改进模型的毛竹林空间结构和竞争分析[J].生态学报,2016,36(4):1 058-1 065.
[16]吴承祯,洪伟,廖金兰.马尾松中幼龄林种内竞争的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(4):289-292.
[17]邹春静,王庆礼,韩士杰.长白山暗针叶林建群种竞争关系的研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001,7(2):101-105.
[18]张春雨,高露双,赵亚洲,等.东北红豆杉雌雄植株径向生长对邻体竞争和气候因子的响应[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1 177-1 183.
[19] TELLEZ E S,RUIZ G,CHAVEZ E. Singleton indexes for nearest neighbor search[J]. Information Systems,2016,60:50-68.
[20]方坚,王孝安,郭华,等.黄土高原马栏林区辽东栎林种内、种间竞争研究[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(2):334-339.
[21]刘兆刚,李凤日,于金成.落叶松人工林单木模型的研究[J].植物研究,2003,23(2):237-244.
[22]殷鸣放,薛娟,宁良智,等.基于近自然林业经营的不同密度林木竞争关系比较分析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(5):149-153,199.
[23]项小燕,吴甘霖,段仁燕,等.大别山五针松种内和种间竞争强度[J].生态学报,2015,35(2):389-395.
[24]郭晋平.森林可持续经营背景下的森林经营管理原则[J].世界林业研究,2001,14(4):37-42.
[25]惠刚盈,胡艳波,赵中华.再论“结构化森林经营”[J].世界林业研究,2009,22(1):14-19.
[26]张璐,敬小丽,苏志尧,等.亚热带常绿阔叶林枯立木与冠层结构的关系[J].森林与环境学报,2018,38(1):64-70.
[2]房晓娜,李际平,孙华,等.基于W_V_Hegyi竞争指数的杉木竞争生长模型研究:以湖南省福寿国有林场杉木生态公益林为例[J].林业资源管理,2015(2):59-64.
[3]陈永刚,汤孟平,杨春菊,等.天然毛竹林竞争空间关系分析[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(7):726-735.
[4]张春雨,高露双,赵亚洲,等.东北红豆杉雌雄植株径向生长对邻体竞争和气候因子的响应[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1 177-1 183.
[5]刘志刚,马钦彦.华北落叶松人工林生物量估测方法的探讨[J].北京林业大学学报,1992,14(S1):105-113.
[6]赵蓉,张峰.山西华北落叶松群落数量分类与排序[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(5):646-652.
[7]刘红炎,陈东莉,柳杰,等.华北落叶松人工林不同间伐水平下林下植物多样性研究:以山西关帝山龙兴林场为例[J].林业资源管理,2017(1):50-56.
[8]杜纪山,唐守正.抚育间伐对林分生长的效应及其模型研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1996,18(1):79-83.
[9]陈天成,柳杰,张芸香,等.关帝山林区华北落叶松人工林不同强度间伐的生长效应研究[J].山西林业科技,2015,44(2):13-19.
[10]贾忠奎,公宁宁,姚凯,等.间伐强度对塞罕坝华北落叶松人工林生长进程和生物量的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(3):5-7,31.
[11] HEGYI F. A simulation model for managing jack-pinestands[M]∥FRIES J. Growth models for tree and stand simulation.Stockholm:Department of Forest Yield,Royal College of Forestry,1974:74-90.
[12] HUI G Y,WANG Y,ZHANG G Q,et al. A novel approach for assessing the neighborhood competition in two differentaged forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2018,422:49-58.
[13] YOKOZAWA M,KUBOTA Y,HARA T. Effects of competition model on spatial pattern dynamics in plant communities[J].Ecological Modelling,1998,106(1):1-16.
[14]孜来比·买木提名,杨华,赵广亮,等.单木竞争指标的研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(6):152-158.
[15]仇建习,汤孟平,娄明华,等.基于Hegyi改进模型的毛竹林空间结构和竞争分析[J].生态学报,2016,36(4):1 058-1 065.
[16]吴承祯,洪伟,廖金兰.马尾松中幼龄林种内竞争的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1997,17(4):289-292.
[17]邹春静,王庆礼,韩士杰.长白山暗针叶林建群种竞争关系的研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001,7(2):101-105.
[18]张春雨,高露双,赵亚洲,等.东北红豆杉雌雄植株径向生长对邻体竞争和气候因子的响应[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1 177-1 183.
[19] TELLEZ E S,RUIZ G,CHAVEZ E. Singleton indexes for nearest neighbor search[J]. Information Systems,2016,60:50-68.
[20]方坚,王孝安,郭华,等.黄土高原马栏林区辽东栎林种内、种间竞争研究[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(2):334-339.
[21]刘兆刚,李凤日,于金成.落叶松人工林单木模型的研究[J].植物研究,2003,23(2):237-244.
[22]殷鸣放,薛娟,宁良智,等.基于近自然林业经营的不同密度林木竞争关系比较分析[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(5):149-153,199.
[23]项小燕,吴甘霖,段仁燕,等.大别山五针松种内和种间竞争强度[J].生态学报,2015,35(2):389-395.
[24]郭晋平.森林可持续经营背景下的森林经营管理原则[J].世界林业研究,2001,14(4):37-42.
[25]惠刚盈,胡艳波,赵中华.再论“结构化森林经营”[J].世界林业研究,2009,22(1):14-19.
[26]张璐,敬小丽,苏志尧,等.亚热带常绿阔叶林枯立木与冠层结构的关系[J].森林与环境学报,2018,38(1):64-70.
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