焦作市人为源挥发性有机物排放清单
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摘要
基于焦作市各类挥发性有机物(VOCs)的活动水平数据,采用排放系数法,编制了焦作市2016年人为源挥发性有机物排放清单.结果表明,2016年焦作市人为源VOCs排放总量为28804.80 t,其中,工艺过程源、溶剂使用源、化石燃料燃烧源、移动源和生物质燃烧源分别占排放总量的36.19%、25.48%、14.38%、13.72%、10.23%.2016年焦作市VOCs的重点排放二级源是非金属矿物制品业、表面涂装业、道路移动源、生物质露天燃烧、工业燃烧,其排放量之和共占排放总量的72.47%.在焦作市各区县中,博爱县、孟州市、武陟县和马村区的排放量较高,4个县区的VOCs排放量均超过3000 t,其排放量之和占排放总量的54.26%.
Based on the activity level data of various volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in Jiaozuo City, a list of anthropogenic VOCs emissions in 2016 was compiled by using emission coefficient method. The results showed that the total VOCs emissions from artificial sources in Jiaozuo City in 2016 were 28804.80 t, of which process sources, solvent sources, fossil fuel combustion sources, mobile sources and biomass combustion sources accounted for 36.19%, 25.48%, 14.38%, 13.72% and 10.23% of the total emissions, respectively. In 2016, the key secondary sources of VOCs emission in Jiaozuo City were non-metallic mineral products industry, surface painting industry, road moving source, biomass open-air combustion and industrial combustion, and the total emissions accounted for 72.47%. Among the districts and counties in Jiaozuo City, Boai County, Mengzhou City, Wuzhu County and Macun District had higher VOCs emissions. The total VOCs emissions of the four districts were more than 3000 t, accounting for 54.26% of the total emissions.
Based on the activity level data of various volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in Jiaozuo City, a list of anthropogenic VOCs emissions in 2016 was compiled by using emission coefficient method. The results showed that the total VOCs emissions from artificial sources in Jiaozuo City in 2016 were 28804.80 t, of which process sources, solvent sources, fossil fuel combustion sources, mobile sources and biomass combustion sources accounted for 36.19%, 25.48%, 14.38%, 13.72% and 10.23% of the total emissions, respectively. In 2016, the key secondary sources of VOCs emission in Jiaozuo City were non-metallic mineral products industry, surface painting industry, road moving source, biomass open-air combustion and industrial combustion, and the total emissions accounted for 72.47%. Among the districts and counties in Jiaozuo City, Boai County, Mengzhou City, Wuzhu County and Macun District had higher VOCs emissions. The total VOCs emissions of the four districts were more than 3000 t, accounting for 54.26% of the total emissions.
引文
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[28] 环境保护部.非道路移动源大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[S].2014.Ministry of Environmental Protection.Technical guidelines for the source emission inventories of non-road mobile source(trial)[S].2014(in Chinese).
[29] 魏巍,王书肖,郝吉明.中国人为源VOC排放清单不确定性研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(2):305-312.WEI W,WANG S X,HAO J M.Uncertainty analysis of emission inventory for volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources in China[J].Environmental Science,2011,32(2):305-312(in Chinese).
[2] 黄海梅,郭佳,王章玮,等.贵阳市大气挥发性有机物的初步分析[J].环境化学,2018,37(11):2387-2396.HUANG M M,GUO J,WANG Z W,et al.Preliminary analysis of ambient volatile organic compounds in Guiyang,China[J].Environmental Chemistry,2018,37(11):2387-2396 (in Chinese).
[3] 李斌,张鑫,李娜,等.北京市春夏挥发性有机物的污染特征及源解析[J].环境化学,2018,37(11):2410-2418.LI B,ZHANG X,LI N,et al.Pollution characteristics and source analysis of volatile organic compounds in spring and summer in Beijing[J].Environmental Chemistry,2018,37(11):2410-2418(in Chinese).
[4] SUN J,WU F K,HU B,et al.VOC characteristics,emissions and contributions to SOA formation during hazy episodes[J].Atmospheric Environment,2016,141(2):560-570.
[5] 李雷,李红,王学中,等.广州市中心城区环境空气中挥发性有机物的污染特征与健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2013,34(12):4558-4564.LI L,LI H,WANG X Z,et al.Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of atmospheric VOCs in the downtown area of Guangzhou,China[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(12):4558-4564(in Chinese).
[6] HUANG B B,LEI C,WEI C H,et al.Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (Cl-VOCs) in environme-sources,potential human health impacts,and current remediation technologies[J].Environment International,2014,71(4):118-138.
[7] 闫东杰,苏航,黄学敏,等.西安市人为源挥发性有机物排放清单及研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(2):446-452.YAN D J,SU H,HUANG X M,et al.VOCs emission inventory of anthropogenic sources in Xi′an[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(2):446-452(in Chinese).
[8] 梁小明,张嘉妮,陈小方,等.我国人为源挥发性有机物反应性排放清单[J].环境科学,2017,38(3):845-854.LIANG X M,ZHANG J N,CHEN X F,et al.Reactivity-based anthropogenic VOCs emission inventory in china[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(3):845-854(in Chinese).
[9] 黄成,陈长虹,李莉,等.长江三角洲地区人为源大气污染物排放特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(9):1858-1871.HUANG C,CHEN C H,LI L,et al.Anthropogenic air pollutant emission characteristics in the Yangtze River Delta region,China[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(9):1858-1871(in Chinese).
[10] 尤翔宇,罗达通,刘湛,等.长株潭城市群人为源VOCs排放清单及其对环境的影响[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):461-468.YOU X Y,LUO D T,LIU Z,et al.Inventory and environmental impact of VOCs emission from anthropogenic source in Chang-Zhu-Tan region[J].EnvironmentalScience,2017,38(2):461-468(in Chinese).
[11] 韩丽,王幸锐,何敏,等.四川省典型人为污染源VOCs排放清单及其对大气环境的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(12):4535-4542.HAN L,WANG X R,HE M,et al.Inventory and environmental impact of VOCs emission from the typical anthropogenic sources in Sichuan province[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(12):4535-4542(in Chinese).
[12] 夏思佳,刘倩,赵秋月.江苏省人为源VOCs排放清单及其对臭氧生成贡献[J].环境科学,2018,39(2):592-599.XIA S J,LIU Q,ZHAO Q Y.Emission inventory of anthropogenically sourced VOCs and its contribution to ozone formation in Jiangsu Province[J].Environmental Science,2018,39(2):592-599(in Chinese).
[13] ZHANG Y L,YANG W Q,SIMPSON I,et al.Decadal changes in emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from on-road vehicles with intensified automobile pollution control:Case study in a busy urban tunnel in south China[J].Environmental Pollution,2018,233:806-819.
[14] 展先辉.天津市石化行业VOCs源排放成分谱及排放特征研究[D].天津:天津理工大学,2015.ZHAN X H.Study on emission spectrum and emission characteristics of VOCs source in Tianjin petrochemical industry[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University of Technology,2015(in Chinese).
[15] WATSON J G,CHOW J C,FUJITA E M.Review of volatile organic compound source apportionment by chemical mass balance[J].Atmospheric Environment,2001,35(9):1567-1584.
[16] WEI W,CHENG S Y,LI G H,et al.Characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from a petroleum refinery in Beijing,China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,89(2):358-366.
[17] 郝苗青,史恺,张时佳,等.天津市工业源挥发性有机物排放清单及区域分布研究[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(1):35-39.HAO M Q,SHI K,ZHANG S J,et al.Inventory and regional distribution of the VOCsemissions from the typical industrial sources in Tianjin[J].Environmental pollution and control,2017,39(1):35-39(in Chinese).
[18] 孙辰,詹领茜,尹珩,等.武汉市人为源挥发性有机物排放清单的建立[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(4):166-171.SUN C,ZHAN L X,YIN H,et al.Establishment of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emission inventory in Wuhan[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2018,41(4):166-171(in Chinese).
[19] SHARMA S,GOEL A,GUPTA D,et al.Emission inventory of non-methane volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources in India[J].Atmospheric Environment,2015,102:209-219.
[20] 贺克斌,王书肖,张强.城市大气污染物排放清单编制技术手册[M].北京:清华大学,2017.HE K B,WANG S X,ZHANG Q.Technical manual for compiling urban air pollutant emission inventory[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2017(in Chinese).
[21] 河南省统计局,国家统计局河南调查总队.河南省统计年鉴:2017[M].北京:中国统计出版社.2017.Henan Statistics Bureau,Henan survey team of National Bureau of Statistics.Henanstatistical yearbook:2017[M].Beijing:China Statistics Press.2017(in Chinese).
[22] 毕于运.秸秆资源评价与利用研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2010.BI Y Y.Study on evaluation and utilization of straw resources [D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2010(in Chinese).
[23] 付乐,王姗姗,武志立,等.河南省秸秆露天焚烧大气污染物排放量的估算与分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(4):808-816.FU L,WANG S S,WU Z L,et al.Estimation and analysis of atmospheric pollutant emissions from straw open burning in Henan Province [J].Journal of Agricultural Environmental Sciences,2017,36(4):808-816(in Chinese).
[24] 环境保护部.生物质燃烧源大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[S].2015.Ministry of Environmental Protection.Technical guidelines for the atmospheric emission inventories of biomass burning (trial)[S].2015(in Chinese).
[25] 环境保护部.大气挥发性有机物源排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[S].2014.Ministry of Environmental Protection.Technical guidelines for the source emission inventories of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (trial)[S].2014(in Chinese).
[26] European Environment Agency.EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook-2016 [S].2016.
[27] 环境保护部.道路机动车大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[S].2015.Ministry of Environmental Protection.Technical guidelines for the atmospheric emission inventories of on-road motor vehicles(trial)[S].2015(in Chinese).
[28] 环境保护部.非道路移动源大气污染物排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[S].2014.Ministry of Environmental Protection.Technical guidelines for the source emission inventories of non-road mobile source(trial)[S].2014(in Chinese).
[29] 魏巍,王书肖,郝吉明.中国人为源VOC排放清单不确定性研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(2):305-312.WEI W,WANG S X,HAO J M.Uncertainty analysis of emission inventory for volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources in China[J].Environmental Science,2011,32(2):305-312(in Chinese).