甘肃野生马蔺(Iris lacteal var.chinensis)对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性
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摘要
以甘肃10个野生马蔺(Iris lacteal var.chinensis)为材料,采用盆栽控水试验,研究了干旱胁迫对马蔺苗期生理特性的影响,运用聚类分析法对10个野生马蔺种质进行聚类,分析了抗旱性与原生境年降雨量的关系,以期为马蔺新品种选育及推广提供理论依据。结果表明:随干旱胁迫程度的加剧,10个野生马蔺种质叶片相对含水量呈下降趋势,叶片质膜相对透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、可溶性糖(SS)含量、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)含量、超氧自由基(O■)产生速率、羟自由基(OH~·)含量均呈上升趋势。聚类分析显示,肃州、甘州、榆中、环县、凉州马蔺抗旱性较强,民乐、临夏、天祝马蔺抗旱性中等,渭源、灵台马蔺抗旱性较弱。抗旱性与原生境年均降雨量显著负相关(P<0.05)。
To investigate the effect of drought stress on the physiological characteristics of wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis, ten varieties of wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis from Gansu Province were selected under pot culture experiments. The drought tolerance of these varieties were evaluated after using clustering analysis. Regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between drought tolerance of these varieties and local precipitation of their original habitats. These finds can provide insight into wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis breeding and cultivation. The relative water content of ten varieties leaves decreased as drought stress increased. The permeability of cell membranes, malondialdehyde content, proline content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidase activity, catalase activity, hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) content, superoxide radical(O■) generation rate, hydroxyl radical(OH~·) content of ten varieties leaves increased as drought stress increased. The wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis from Suzhou district,Ganzhou district,Yuzhong county, Huanxian county and Liangzhou district belong to high drought tolerance varieties, and the wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis from Minle county, Tianzhu county and Lingxia county belong to medium drought tolerance varieties and from Weiyuan county and Lingtai county belong to low drought tolerance cultivar. A negative significant correlation(P<0.05) was found between drought tolerance of these varieties and local precipitation of their original habitats.
To investigate the effect of drought stress on the physiological characteristics of wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis, ten varieties of wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis from Gansu Province were selected under pot culture experiments. The drought tolerance of these varieties were evaluated after using clustering analysis. Regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between drought tolerance of these varieties and local precipitation of their original habitats. These finds can provide insight into wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis breeding and cultivation. The relative water content of ten varieties leaves decreased as drought stress increased. The permeability of cell membranes, malondialdehyde content, proline content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidase activity, catalase activity, hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) content, superoxide radical(O■) generation rate, hydroxyl radical(OH~·) content of ten varieties leaves increased as drought stress increased. The wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis from Suzhou district,Ganzhou district,Yuzhong county, Huanxian county and Liangzhou district belong to high drought tolerance varieties, and the wild Iris lacteal var. chinensis from Minle county, Tianzhu county and Lingxia county belong to medium drought tolerance varieties and from Weiyuan county and Lingtai county belong to low drought tolerance cultivar. A negative significant correlation(P<0.05) was found between drought tolerance of these varieties and local precipitation of their original habitats.
引文
[1] 李秀玲,刘君,杨志民.干旱胁迫对4种观赏草枯叶率及生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2010,27(11):26-32.
[2] 冉津江,季明霞,黄建平,等.中国北方干旱区和半干旱区近60年气候变化特征及成因分析[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2014,50(1):46-53.
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[4] 丁龙,赵慧敏,曾文静,等.五种西北旱区植物对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1455-1463.
[5] 王维睿,苏世平,李毅,等.6个地理种群红砂(Reaumuria soongocica)叶片生态解剖特征及抗旱性评价[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(4):895-900.
[6] Xiao D Q,Ma R G,Li T Q.Typical safety impact of highway virescence and its evaluation[J].Highway,2011(2):169-175.
[7] 崔佳佳.外源Si对盐胁迫下甘草幼苗形态及生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2015,24(10):214-220.
[8] 董沁,鲁存海,白小明,等.野生早熟禾(Poa L.)对模拟干旱的生理响应[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(6):1743-1749.
[9] 宋吉轩,吕俊,宗学凤,等.干旱胁迫下BR与N、P、K配合对羊草生长及抗旱性的影响[J].草业学报,2018,27(11):171-178.
[10] 裴宗平,余莉琳,汪云甲,等.4种干旱区生态修复植物的苗期抗旱性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(3):204-208.
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[16] 史晓霞,毛培春,张国芳,等.15份马蔺材料苗期抗旱性比较[J].草地学报,2007,15(4):352-358.
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[22] 张志良,瞿伟菁,李小方.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[23] Halliwell B.Grootveld M.Cutteridge J M C.Methods for the measurement of hydroxylradicals in biochemical systems:deoxyribose degradation and aromatic hydroxylation[J ].Methods Biochemical Analysis,1988,33:59-90.
[24] 朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[25] 付凤玲,李晚忱,潘光堂.模糊隶属法对玉米苗期耐旱性的拟合分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2003,21(1):83-85,125.
[26] Farooq M,Wahid A,Kobayashi N,et al.Plant drought stress:effects,mechanisms and management[J].Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2009,29(1):185-212.
[27] 陈少裕.膜脂过氧化与植物逆境胁迫[J].植物学通报,1989,6(4):211-217.
[28] 高暝,李毅,种培芳,等.渗透胁迫下不同地理种源白刺的生理响应[J].草业学报,2011,20(3):99-107.
[29] Yao S F,Hu T T,Li Y,et al.Effects of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristic and growth of Jatropha curcas L.seedlings[J].Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University,2009,27(4):444-449.
[30] 王春春,谢利娟,韩蕾,等.干旱处理对不同品种簕杜鹃光合特性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报:自然科学,2018,38(4):70-75.
[31] 李秀玲,刘开强,刘君,等.干旱胁迫对六种观赏草枯叶率及生理指标的影响[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(4):93-100.
[32] 吴永波,叶波.高温干旱复合胁迫对构树幼苗抗氧化酶活性和活性氧代谢的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(2):403-410.
[33] 宋海鹏,刘君,李秀玲,等.干旱胁迫对5种景天属植物生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2010,27(1):11-15.
[34] 单长卷,韩蕊莲,梁宗锁.干旱胁迫下黄土高原4种乡土禾草抗氧化特性[J].生态学报,2012,32(4):170-180.
[35] Griffiths H,Parry M A J.Plant responses to water stress[J].Annals of Botany,2002,89(7):801-802.
[36] 孙映波,尤毅,朱根发,等.干旱胁迫对文心兰抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(11):1675-1680.
[37] Puppo A,Pauly N,Boscari A,et al.Hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide:key regulators of the Legume—Rhizobium,and Mycorrhizal Symbioses[J].Antioxidants & Redox Signaling,2013,18(16):2202-2219.
[38] Karatas I,Ozturk L,Demir Y,et al.Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content in pea leaves under long-term drought stress[J].Toxicology and Industrial Health,2014,30(8):693-700.
[39] Asada K.Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions[J].Plant Physiology,2006,141(2):391-396.
[40] 张仁和,郑友军,马国胜,等.干旱胁迫对玉米苗期叶片光合作用和保护酶的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(5):1303-1311.
[41] 王贺正,马均,李旭毅,等,水分胁迫对水稻结实期活性氧产生和保护系统的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(7):1379-1387.
[42] Vurukonda S S K P,Vardharajula S,Shrivastava M,et al.Enhancement of drought stress tolerance in crops by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria[J].Microbiological Research,2016,184:13-24.
[43] Ben Rejeb K,Abdelly C,Savouré Arnould.How reactive oxygen species and proline face stress together[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2014,80:278-284.
[44] Handa S,Handa A K,Hasegawa P M,et al.Proline accumulation and the adaptation of cultured plant cells to water stress[J].Plant Physiology,1986,80(4):938-945.
[45] 裴宗平,余莉琳,汪云甲,等.4种干旱区生态修复植物的苗期抗旱性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(3):204-208.
[46] Pukacka S,Wójkiewicz E.Carbohydrate metabolism in Norway maple and sycamore seeds in relation to desiccation tolerance[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2002,159(3):273-279.
[47] 许桂芳.PEG胁迫对2种过路黄抗性生理生化指标的影响[J].草业学报,2008,17(1):66-70.
[48] 赵瑞雪,朱慧森,程钰宏,等.植物脯氨酸及其合成酶系研究进展[J].草业科学,2008,25(2):90-97.
[49] 刘友良.植物水分逆境生理[M].北京:农业出版社,1992.
[50] 祁娟,徐柱,王海清,等.披碱草与老芒麦苗期抗旱性综合评价[J].草地学报,2009,17(1):36-42.
[2] 冉津江,季明霞,黄建平,等.中国北方干旱区和半干旱区近60年气候变化特征及成因分析[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2014,50(1):46-53.
[3] 孔兰静,李红双,张志国.三种观赏草对土壤干旱胁迫的生理响应[J].中国草地学报,2008,30(4):40-45.
[4] 丁龙,赵慧敏,曾文静,等.五种西北旱区植物对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1455-1463.
[5] 王维睿,苏世平,李毅,等.6个地理种群红砂(Reaumuria soongocica)叶片生态解剖特征及抗旱性评价[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(4):895-900.
[6] Xiao D Q,Ma R G,Li T Q.Typical safety impact of highway virescence and its evaluation[J].Highway,2011(2):169-175.
[7] 崔佳佳.外源Si对盐胁迫下甘草幼苗形态及生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2015,24(10):214-220.
[8] 董沁,鲁存海,白小明,等.野生早熟禾(Poa L.)对模拟干旱的生理响应[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(6):1743-1749.
[9] 宋吉轩,吕俊,宗学凤,等.干旱胁迫下BR与N、P、K配合对羊草生长及抗旱性的影响[J].草业学报,2018,27(11):171-178.
[10] 裴宗平,余莉琳,汪云甲,等.4种干旱区生态修复植物的苗期抗旱性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(3):204-208.
[11] 杜旻昱.南昌主城区屋顶绿化植物景观评价与适应性研究[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[12] 雷舒涵.甘肃地区10个乡土观赏草种质耐旱性及观赏性研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[13] 王子凤.鸢尾属6种植物对干旱胁迫的响应[D].南京:南京林业大学,2009.
[14] 中国科学院中国植物志委员会.中国植物志(第十六卷,第一分册)[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[15] 张彪,李品芳,白海峰,等.不同水盐条件下马蔺叶片的渗透调节效应[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(12):2616-2624.
[16] 史晓霞,毛培春,张国芳,等.15份马蔺材料苗期抗旱性比较[J].草地学报,2007,15(4):352-358.
[17] 邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[18] Giannopolitis C N,Ries S K.Superoxide dismutases:I.Occurrence in higher plants[J].Plant Physiology,1977,59(2):309-314.
[19] Urbanek H,Kuzniak-Gebarowaka E,Herka.Elicatation of defense responses in bean leaves by Botrytis cinerea polygalac-turonase[J].Acta Physiologic Plantarum,1991,13:43-50.
[20] Beers Jr R F,Sizer I W.A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown ofhydrogen peroxide by catalase[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1952,195:133-140.
[21] Velikova V,Yordanov I,Edreva A.Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants [J].Plant Science,2000,151(1):59-66.
[22] 张志良,瞿伟菁,李小方.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[23] Halliwell B.Grootveld M.Cutteridge J M C.Methods for the measurement of hydroxylradicals in biochemical systems:deoxyribose degradation and aromatic hydroxylation[J ].Methods Biochemical Analysis,1988,33:59-90.
[24] 朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[25] 付凤玲,李晚忱,潘光堂.模糊隶属法对玉米苗期耐旱性的拟合分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2003,21(1):83-85,125.
[26] Farooq M,Wahid A,Kobayashi N,et al.Plant drought stress:effects,mechanisms and management[J].Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2009,29(1):185-212.
[27] 陈少裕.膜脂过氧化与植物逆境胁迫[J].植物学通报,1989,6(4):211-217.
[28] 高暝,李毅,种培芳,等.渗透胁迫下不同地理种源白刺的生理响应[J].草业学报,2011,20(3):99-107.
[29] Yao S F,Hu T T,Li Y,et al.Effects of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristic and growth of Jatropha curcas L.seedlings[J].Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University,2009,27(4):444-449.
[30] 王春春,谢利娟,韩蕾,等.干旱处理对不同品种簕杜鹃光合特性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报:自然科学,2018,38(4):70-75.
[31] 李秀玲,刘开强,刘君,等.干旱胁迫对六种观赏草枯叶率及生理指标的影响[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(4):93-100.
[32] 吴永波,叶波.高温干旱复合胁迫对构树幼苗抗氧化酶活性和活性氧代谢的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(2):403-410.
[33] 宋海鹏,刘君,李秀玲,等.干旱胁迫对5种景天属植物生理指标的影响[J].草业科学,2010,27(1):11-15.
[34] 单长卷,韩蕊莲,梁宗锁.干旱胁迫下黄土高原4种乡土禾草抗氧化特性[J].生态学报,2012,32(4):170-180.
[35] Griffiths H,Parry M A J.Plant responses to water stress[J].Annals of Botany,2002,89(7):801-802.
[36] 孙映波,尤毅,朱根发,等.干旱胁迫对文心兰抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(11):1675-1680.
[37] Puppo A,Pauly N,Boscari A,et al.Hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide:key regulators of the Legume—Rhizobium,and Mycorrhizal Symbioses[J].Antioxidants & Redox Signaling,2013,18(16):2202-2219.
[38] Karatas I,Ozturk L,Demir Y,et al.Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content in pea leaves under long-term drought stress[J].Toxicology and Industrial Health,2014,30(8):693-700.
[39] Asada K.Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions[J].Plant Physiology,2006,141(2):391-396.
[40] 张仁和,郑友军,马国胜,等.干旱胁迫对玉米苗期叶片光合作用和保护酶的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(5):1303-1311.
[41] 王贺正,马均,李旭毅,等,水分胁迫对水稻结实期活性氧产生和保护系统的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(7):1379-1387.
[42] Vurukonda S S K P,Vardharajula S,Shrivastava M,et al.Enhancement of drought stress tolerance in crops by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria[J].Microbiological Research,2016,184:13-24.
[43] Ben Rejeb K,Abdelly C,Savouré Arnould.How reactive oxygen species and proline face stress together[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2014,80:278-284.
[44] Handa S,Handa A K,Hasegawa P M,et al.Proline accumulation and the adaptation of cultured plant cells to water stress[J].Plant Physiology,1986,80(4):938-945.
[45] 裴宗平,余莉琳,汪云甲,等.4种干旱区生态修复植物的苗期抗旱性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(3):204-208.
[46] Pukacka S,Wójkiewicz E.Carbohydrate metabolism in Norway maple and sycamore seeds in relation to desiccation tolerance[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2002,159(3):273-279.
[47] 许桂芳.PEG胁迫对2种过路黄抗性生理生化指标的影响[J].草业学报,2008,17(1):66-70.
[48] 赵瑞雪,朱慧森,程钰宏,等.植物脯氨酸及其合成酶系研究进展[J].草业科学,2008,25(2):90-97.
[49] 刘友良.植物水分逆境生理[M].北京:农业出版社,1992.
[50] 祁娟,徐柱,王海清,等.披碱草与老芒麦苗期抗旱性综合评价[J].草地学报,2009,17(1):36-42.