基于俯仰轴相交和球拟合的天线旋转中心测量方法
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摘要
针对传统天线旋转中心测量时,俯仰轴生成方式不严密对其精度和可靠性产生不利影响的问题,提出了俯仰轴相交和球拟合两种新的旋转中心测量方法。对不同方位下标志点绕俯仰轴的运动轨迹进行圆拟合,得到含有方位信息的俯仰轴,多条俯仰轴求交点作为旋转中心,称之为俯仰轴相交法,较传统方法可靠性更高。对标志点的运动轨迹进行球拟合,取所有球心的均值作为旋转中心,称之为球拟合法,避免了圆拟合及求交点的过程,方法更为严密。以3台φ3 m上行阵天线为实验对象,应用全站仪和工业摄影测量技术获取标志点在规划姿态下的坐标,采用两种新方法处理观测数据,均得到了内符合精度达亚毫米级的旋转中心。
In traditional method, the model of elevation axis fitting is not rigor, which influences the accuracy and reliability of rotation center. To overcome this drawback, two new methods are proposed to get rotation center respectively based on elevation axes intersecting and spherical fitting. The trajectory of target points in different azimuths are fitted to acquire elevation axes which contain azimuth information, and the intersection of elevation axes is taken as rotation center, which is called as the elevation axes intersection method. This method is more reliable than the traditional method. The target points are fitted as a sphere to obtain a series of spherical centers, and their average is taken as the rotation center, which is named as the spherical fitting method. This method avoids the process of circle fitting and axes intersecting, which is more reasonable than the others. An uplink antenna array consists of three φ3 m antennas is taken as experimental object. Total station and industrial photogrammetric system are combined to get the coordinates of points on antenna. By employing the two new proposed methods, the antenna rotation centers are precisely acquired in a sub-millimeter level.
In traditional method, the model of elevation axis fitting is not rigor, which influences the accuracy and reliability of rotation center. To overcome this drawback, two new methods are proposed to get rotation center respectively based on elevation axes intersecting and spherical fitting. The trajectory of target points in different azimuths are fitted to acquire elevation axes which contain azimuth information, and the intersection of elevation axes is taken as rotation center, which is called as the elevation axes intersection method. This method is more reliable than the traditional method. The target points are fitted as a sphere to obtain a series of spherical centers, and their average is taken as the rotation center, which is named as the spherical fitting method. This method avoids the process of circle fitting and axes intersecting, which is more reasonable than the others. An uplink antenna array consists of three φ3 m antennas is taken as experimental object. Total station and industrial photogrammetric system are combined to get the coordinates of points on antenna. By employing the two new proposed methods, the antenna rotation centers are precisely acquired in a sub-millimeter level.
引文
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[19] Li Jinling,Qiao Shubo,Liu Li,et al.Site Survey at Sheshan 25 m Radio Telescope in 2008 [J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2010,35(12):1 387-1 391(李金岭,乔书波,刘鹂,等.2008年佘山25 m射电天线归心测量[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2010,35(12):1 387-1 391)
[20] Deng Yong,Li Zongchun,Zhang Wancai,et al.Measurement of 65 m Antenna Azimuth Axis and Elevation Axis Orthogonality[J].Radio Engineering,2016,46(7):67-70(邓勇,李宗春,张万才,等.65 m射电望远镜方位轴和俯仰轴正交度测量[J].无线电工程,2016,46(7):67-70)
[21] Tian Zhen,Yang Zhiqiang,Shi Zhen,et al.Precise Measurement of 40 m Caliber Radio Telescope Phase Center’s Reference Point Coordinates at the Haoping Station of National Time Service Center [J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2016,36(10):897-901(田镇,杨志强,石震,等.国家授时中心昊平站40 m口径射电天线相位中心参考点坐标的精密测定[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(10):897-901)
[22] Li Jinling,Zhang Jinwei.Simulation Analysis of Monitoring of VLBI Antennas Reference Point Via GPS Observation [J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2013,38(12):1 387-1 391(李金岭,张津维.利用GPS测量监测VLBI天线参考点的仿真分析[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2013,38(12):1 387- 1 391)
[2] Yu Zhijian,Li Haitao,Li Xiaomei.Research and Experiment Verification on Extendable Deep Space Antenna Arraying Techniques [J].Journal of Telemetry,Tracking and Command,2015,36(6):1-7(于志坚,李海涛,李小梅.可扩充深空天线组阵技术研究与试验验证 [J].遥测遥控,2015,36(6):1-7)
[3] Yao Fei,Kuang Linling,Zhan Yafeng,et al.Key Techniques and Development Trend of Antenna Arraying for Deep Space Communication [J].Journal of Astronautics,2010,31(10):2 231-2 238(姚飞,匡麟玲,詹亚锋,等.深空通信天线组阵关键技术及其发展趋势[J].宇航学报,2010,31(10):2 231-2 238)
[4] Bai Yanfu.A Study of Key Techniques for Antenna Arraying for Deep Space Communication [D].Xi’an:Xidian University,2014(白岩夫.高速率深空通信中天线组阵关键技术的研究[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2014)
[5] Zhou Sanwen,Lu Manhong,Huang Jianguo.Analysis on Combining Efficiency of Full -Spectrum Combining [J].Journal of Telemetry,Tracking and Command,2009,30(2):46-52(周三文,卢满宏,黄建国.天线组阵全频谱合成效率分析[J].遥测遥控,2009,30(2):46-52)
[6] He Guolong,Li Guomin.A Parallel Carrier Phase Calibration Method for Uplink Antenna Arrays [J].Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology,2012,31(1):19-22(何国龙,李国民.上行天线组阵载波相位并行标校方法研究[J].飞行器测控学报,2012,31(1):19-22)
[7] Chen Junyong.On the Definition and Adopted Parameters of International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2000 [J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(9):753-756(陈俊勇.国际地球参考框架2000(ITRF2000)的定义及其参数[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2005,30(9):753-756)
[8] Schuh H,Bbehrend D.VLBI:A Fascinating Technique for Geodesy and Astrometry [J].Journal of Geodynamics,2012,61:68-80
[9] Dong Wenliang,Sun Fuping,Zhu Xinhui,et al.A Method of Unifying the Global Crustal Vertical Motion Reference Datum [J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(3):358-361(董文亮,孙付平,朱新慧,等.统一全球地壳垂直运动参考基准的方法研究[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2014,39(3):358-361)
[10] Bergstrand S,Schmid R.Activities of the IERS Working Group on Site Survey and Co-location [C].International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry 2016 General Meeting,South Africa,2016
[11] Sun Zhongmiao,Fan Haopeng.Research Progress of VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS) [J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2017,46(10):1 346-1 353(孙中苗,范昊鹏.VLBI全球观测系统(VGOS)研究进展[J].测绘学报,2017,46(10):1 346- 1 353)
[12] Altamimi Z,Rebischung P,Métivier L,et al.ITRF2014:A New Release of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame Modeling Nonlinear Station Motions [J].Geophys Res Solid Earth,2016,121(8):6 109-6 131
[13] Ma Xiaping,Shen Yunzhong,Wang Jiexian,et al.Direct Solution of SLR and VLBI Antenna Rotation Center [J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2014,43(3):257-262(马下平,沈云中,王解先,等.卫星激光测距与甚长基线干涉测量的天线旋转中心的直接解法[J].测绘学报,2014,43(3):257-262)
[14] Dawson J,Sarti P,Johnston G M,et al.Indirect Approach to Invariant Point Determination for SLR and VLBI Systems:An Assessment [J].Journal of Geodesy,2007,81(6):433-441
[15] L?Sler M.New Mathematical Model for Reference Point Determination of an Azimuth Elevation Type Radio Telescope [J].Journal of Surveying Engineering,2009,135(4):131-135
[16] Li Jinling,Zhang Jinwei,Guo Li.Discussion on Monitoring Method of Reference Point and Axis Offset of VLBI Antenna [J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2014,39(11):10-14(李金岭,张津维,郭丽.甚长基线干涉测量天线参考点和轴线偏差监测方法探讨[J].测绘科学,2014,39(11):10-14)
[17] Gil K H,Sang H J,Yun H S,et al.A Comparative Analysis of 3D Circle Fitting Algorithms for Determination of VLBI Antenna Reference Point [J].Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying Geodesy Photogrammetry & Cartography,2015,33(4):231-244
[18] Shen Yunzhong,Chen Tingwu.Determination of Space Coordinate Differences of Co-location Sites in Shanghai Observatory [J].Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science) 2006,34(2):217-220(沈云中,陈廷武.上海天文台并址站的空间归心测量[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(2):217-220)
[19] Li Jinling,Qiao Shubo,Liu Li,et al.Site Survey at Sheshan 25 m Radio Telescope in 2008 [J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2010,35(12):1 387-1 391(李金岭,乔书波,刘鹂,等.2008年佘山25 m射电天线归心测量[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2010,35(12):1 387-1 391)
[20] Deng Yong,Li Zongchun,Zhang Wancai,et al.Measurement of 65 m Antenna Azimuth Axis and Elevation Axis Orthogonality[J].Radio Engineering,2016,46(7):67-70(邓勇,李宗春,张万才,等.65 m射电望远镜方位轴和俯仰轴正交度测量[J].无线电工程,2016,46(7):67-70)
[21] Tian Zhen,Yang Zhiqiang,Shi Zhen,et al.Precise Measurement of 40 m Caliber Radio Telescope Phase Center’s Reference Point Coordinates at the Haoping Station of National Time Service Center [J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamic,2016,36(10):897-901(田镇,杨志强,石震,等.国家授时中心昊平站40 m口径射电天线相位中心参考点坐标的精密测定[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2016,36(10):897-901)
[22] Li Jinling,Zhang Jinwei.Simulation Analysis of Monitoring of VLBI Antennas Reference Point Via GPS Observation [J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2013,38(12):1 387-1 391(李金岭,张津维.利用GPS测量监测VLBI天线参考点的仿真分析[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2013,38(12):1 387- 1 391)