中国海与现代科学技术
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摘要
中国既是一个大陆国家又是一个海洋国家．约300万平方公里的海域与6500多个岛屿如同陆地资源一样为中国人民提供了舟辑之便与渔盐之利，还蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源．经过10年的讨论于1982年4月通过《联合国海洋公约》这为利用国际法维护我国的海洋主权与权益提供了法律依据，同时，也要求中国利用现代科学技术确定中国海的环境、资源，以及有关的条法与国际关系史，为海域划界提出可靠的资料与方案．海洋空间包括水层一大气层在气水界面的相互作用，海洋洋底的水与岩石之间的相互作用等．海洋还是现代地球科学的发祥地与实验场，板块构造学说就诞生在海洋．海洋还包括几乎所有现代已发现的资源，并有其自己的独特之处海洋环境与航海交通以及任何开展作业有关，要求全天侯进行监测航海的导航定位经历了指南针、磁罗经与电罗经、子午仪卫星系统及全球定位系统．海洋环境监测包括海洋大气要素。物理海洋要素、海洋污染要素各种传感器的制作是海洋监测系统的关键．海底地形地貌通过地球物理高新技术实现，大洋底具独特的地貌特征与多金属结核．海底地质结构与大陆明显不同；大陆架上赋存丰富的石油天然气，应用现代地球物理的重力、磁法、地震、测井资料是海洋油气勘探开发的基础．开发中国海势必发展或为一个?
China is not only a continenta1 but also an oceanic country, with about 3,000,000Square kilometers sea area and 6,500 islands,which, just as the land resources, supplies the Chinese peop1e water transportation, dieting salt and rich mineral potenhals. The Law of the Sea of the United Nations established after about 10 years discussion. It gave us lawyal tools to protect our sovereignty of sea region. Temporary, it asked China to detect the environment, resources by modern sciencestechnology,and to understand refated lawyal items and history of international re1ationship for supplying the reliable data to determine the sea region draft. The sea marine space includes the interactions or hydrosphere and atomosphere at water and air surface,of water and rock at the sea bottom, etc. Yet,ocean is the the gcnerahon place and experiment sites of modern sciences. The Plate tectonics is generated from ocean. It also containsalmost all kind of resources had been found and has it's own characters.Sea environment related the transportation and any kinds of marine acivities. It demands all days environment monitoring. The navigating and positioning had passed the compass,magneticcompass, gyrocompass and GPS periods.Sea environment monitoring factors includes ocean atmospheric factors, physicalocean factors and ocean pollution factors.The key technique is to develope a series of envlroment sensors.Sea floor geomorphology can be made by geophysical methods. It has very specialized topography and polymatallic nodules with many kinds of metals.The mantle geological structure is different with continent. There are rich oilgas in the continent shelf of the ocean.The basic tools to develope oil&gas are geophysical methods, such as gravity, magnetic methods, seismic and well logging.It will create a large scale and key roll playing industry to develope China sea. It's our responsibility and duty to defense the China Sea.
China is not only a continenta1 but also an oceanic country, with about 3,000,000Square kilometers sea area and 6,500 islands,which, just as the land resources, supplies the Chinese peop1e water transportation, dieting salt and rich mineral potenhals. The Law of the Sea of the United Nations established after about 10 years discussion. It gave us lawyal tools to protect our sovereignty of sea region. Temporary, it asked China to detect the environment, resources by modern sciencestechnology,and to understand refated lawyal items and history of international re1ationship for supplying the reliable data to determine the sea region draft. The sea marine space includes the interactions or hydrosphere and atomosphere at water and air surface,of water and rock at the sea bottom, etc. Yet,ocean is the the gcnerahon place and experiment sites of modern sciences. The Plate tectonics is generated from ocean. It also containsalmost all kind of resources had been found and has it's own characters.Sea environment related the transportation and any kinds of marine acivities. It demands all days environment monitoring. The navigating and positioning had passed the compass,magneticcompass, gyrocompass and GPS periods.Sea environment monitoring factors includes ocean atmospheric factors, physicalocean factors and ocean pollution factors.The key technique is to develope a series of envlroment sensors.Sea floor geomorphology can be made by geophysical methods. It has very specialized topography and polymatallic nodules with many kinds of metals.The mantle geological structure is different with continent. There are rich oilgas in the continent shelf of the ocean.The basic tools to develope oil&gas are geophysical methods, such as gravity, magnetic methods, seismic and well logging.It will create a large scale and key roll playing industry to develope China sea. It's our responsibility and duty to defense the China Sea.
引文
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