摘要
This paper describes the origin of the groundwater chemistry in the regional aquifer located in the Wielkopolska region of western Poland. Factor analysis was used for the identification of geochemical processes that influence the groundwater chemistry. Two groups of processes were identified: anthropogenic (i.e., caused by groundwater contamination) and geogenic (i.e., caused by natural geochemical processes). Based on a background of the natural variations in the groundwater chemistry, the effect of upward groundwater flow from the deep part of the flow system on the groundwater chemistry was identified. The boron concentrations and isotope data allowed for the identification of zones of relatively old groundwater. The spatial distribution of fluoride concentrations allowed for the identification of recharge zones. This study demonstrates the general usefulness of groundwater chemistry differentiation for supporting identification of groundwater flow patterns. It also demonstrates the importance of using chemical data to evaluate the connectivity between different aquifers. These interpretations can be used for better management of water resources on a regional scale.