考虑微电网运行域的配电网分布式能源规划
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摘要
随着分布式能源(DER)和微电网(MG)的大规模发展,在配电网静态安全约束下MG运行范围与DER渗透率之间相互制约,而现有DER规划模型未计及MG原有的运行范围,所得配置方案将可能局限MG运行空间,使得MG控制难度和配电网运行风险大大提高。为解决该问题,开展了含MG配电网DER选址定容问题的研究,重点研究了MG运行域、需求响应(DR)和储能运行策略对于DER规划的影响。为减少DER接入对MG运行的影响,引入MG运行域模型定量刻画MG运行边界,并采用区间算术将其转化为规划模型的约束条件。建立DR模型时,提出用户可中断负荷概率矩阵表征DR的不确定性。在此基础上,建立了综合考虑配电网运营商与DER投资商利益的含MG配电网DER规划模型,并采用改进粒子群算法进行求解。算例结果表明,所得DER规划方案在保证MG运行域不受影响下实现经济性最优,验证了所提模型的合理性和有效性。
With the large-scale development of distributed energy resources(DERs)and microgrids(MGs),the output power range of MGs and the permeability of DERs are mutually restricted under the static security constraints of distribution network.However,since the existing DER planning model does not take the original output power range of MGs into account,the operation space of MGs may be limited under the obtained planning scheme,which increases the control difficulty of MGs and operation risk of distribution network.To solve this proplem,the site selection and capacity determination of DERs in the distribution network containing MGs are studied,considering the effect of dispatchable region of MGs,demand response(DR)and operation strategy of energy storage system(ESS).In order to reduce the impact of DER access to grid on MG operation,the dispatchable region of MG is introduced to quantitatively depict the output power boundary of MG,and the interval arithmetic is used to transform it into the constraints of planning model.The users' interruptible load probability matrix is proposed to characterize the uncertainty of DR.Furthermore,a DER planning model for the distribution network containing MG is established considering the interests of distribution network operator and DER investor,and an improved particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the planning model.Case results show that the obtained DER planning scheme can achieve optimal economic in ensuring that the dispatchable region of MG is not affected,proving the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model.
With the large-scale development of distributed energy resources(DERs)and microgrids(MGs),the output power range of MGs and the permeability of DERs are mutually restricted under the static security constraints of distribution network.However,since the existing DER planning model does not take the original output power range of MGs into account,the operation space of MGs may be limited under the obtained planning scheme,which increases the control difficulty of MGs and operation risk of distribution network.To solve this proplem,the site selection and capacity determination of DERs in the distribution network containing MGs are studied,considering the effect of dispatchable region of MGs,demand response(DR)and operation strategy of energy storage system(ESS).In order to reduce the impact of DER access to grid on MG operation,the dispatchable region of MG is introduced to quantitatively depict the output power boundary of MG,and the interval arithmetic is used to transform it into the constraints of planning model.The users' interruptible load probability matrix is proposed to characterize the uncertainty of DR.Furthermore,a DER planning model for the distribution network containing MG is established considering the interests of distribution network operator and DER investor,and an improved particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the planning model.Case results show that the obtained DER planning scheme can achieve optimal economic in ensuring that the dispatchable region of MG is not affected,proving the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model.
引文
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[7]付爱慧,张峰,张利,等.考虑爬坡功率有限平抑的高渗透率光伏电网储能配置策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):53-61.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171130006.FU Aihui,ZHANG Feng,ZHANG Li,et al.Capacity optimization strategy of energy storage system for power grid with high penetration of photovoltaic considering limited smoothing of photovoltaic ramping power[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):53-61.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171130006.
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[9]严艺芬,吴文宣,张逸,等.考虑区域能源供应商利益的主动配电网间歇性分布式电源优化配置[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):752-759.YAN Yifen,WU Wenxuan,ZHANG Yi,et al.Optimal allocation of intermittent distributed generation in active distribution network considering benefit of regional energy supplier[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):752-759.
[10]刘文霞,牛淑娅,石道桂,等.考虑运行策略及投资主体利益的主动配电系统储能优化配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2697-2704.LIU Wenxia,NIU Shuya,SHI Daogui,et al.Optimal allocation of ADS battery energy storage considering operation strategy and investment subject benefit[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(10):2697-2704.
[11]高鹏,陈红坤,张光亚,等.主动配电网中消纳高渗透率风电的风电源规划[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):39-46.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180131006.GAO Peng,CHEN Hongkun,ZHANG Guangya,et al.Planning of wind turbine generators for high-penetration wind power accommodation in active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):39-46.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180131006.
[12]高红均,刘俊勇.考虑不同类型DG和负荷建模的主动配电网协同规划[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(18):4911-4922.GAO Hongjun,LIU Junyong.Coordinated planning considering different types of DG and load in active distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(18):4911-4922.
[13]王博,肖峻,周济,等.主动配电网中分布式电源和微网的运行域[J].电网技术,2017,37(2):363-372.ZENG Bo,XIAO Jun,ZHOU Ji,et al.Dispatchable region of distributed generators and microgrids in distribution systems[J].Power System Technology,2017,37(2):363-372.
[14]国家发展改革委,国家能源局.关于印发《推进并网型微电网建设试行办法》的通知.[EB/OL].[2017-07-17].http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201707/t20170724_855213.html.National Development and Reform Commission,National Energy Administration.Notice on issuing“interim measures for promoting the construction of grid-connected microgrid”[EB/OL].[2017-07-17].http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201707/t20170724_855213.html.
[15]微电网接入电力系统技术规定:GB/T 33589-2017[S].2017.Technical requirement for connecting microgrid to power system:GB/T 33589-2017[S].2017.
[16]朱兰,严正,杨秀,等.计及需求侧响应的微网综合资源规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2621-2628.ZHU Lan,YAN Zheng,YANG Xiu,et al.Integrated resources planning in micro-grid based on modeling demand response[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2621-2628.
[17]苏海锋,胡梦锦,梁志瑞.基于时序特性含储能装置的分布式电源规划[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(6):56-63.SU Haifeng,HU Mengjin,LIANG Zhirui.Distributed generation&energy storage planning based on timing characteristics[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(6):56-63.
[18]刘志鹏,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.计及可入网电动汽车的分布式电源最优选址和定容[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(18):11-16.LIU Zhipeng,WEN Fushuan,XUE Yusheng,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of distributed generators considering plug-in electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(18):11-16.
[19]张勇军,苏杰和,羿应棋.基于区间算术的含分布式电源电网无功优化方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):21-26.ZHANG Yongjun,SU Jiehe,YI Yingqi.Reactive power optimization based on interval arithmetic with distributed power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):21-26.
[20]姜建国,田旻,王向前,等.采用扰动加速因子的自适应粒子群优化算法[J].西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(4):74-80.JIANG Jianguo,TIAN Min,WANG Xiangqian,et al.Adaptive particle swarm optimization via disturbing acceleration coefficients[J].Journal of Xidian University(Natural Science),2012,39(4):74-80.
[21]王成山,王守相.基于区间算法的配电网三相潮流计算及算例分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(3):59-63.WANG Chengshan,WANG Shouxiang.Distribution threephase power flow based on interval algorithm and test results[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(3):59-63.
[22]BARAN M E,WU F F.Network reconfiguration in distribution systems for loss reduction and load balancing[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1989,4(4):1401-1407.
[23]张沈习,李珂,程浩忠,等.间歇性分布式电源在主动配电网中的优化配置[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(11):45-51.ZHANG Shenxi,LI ke,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Optimal allocation of intermittent distributed generator in active distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(11):45-51.
[2]王耀华,焦冰琦,张富强,等.计及高比例可再生能源运行特性的中长期电力发展分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):9-16.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170612001.WANG Yaohua,JIAO Bingqi,ZHANG Fuqiang,et al.Medium and long-term electric power development considering operating characteristics of high proportion of renewable energy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):9-16.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170612001.
[3]姚良忠,朱凌志,周明,等.高比例可再生能源电力系统的协同优化运行技术展望[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):36-43.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170112013.YAO Liangzhong,ZHU Lingzhi,ZHOU Ming,et al.Prospects of coordination and optimization for power systems with high proportion of renewable energy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):36-43.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170112013.
[4]肖峻,张宝强,李敬如,等.基于安全边界的高渗透率可再生能源配电系统规划研究思路[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):28-35.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170110007.XIAO Jun,ZHANG Baoqiang,LI Jingru,et al.Security boundary based research idea on planning of distribution networks with high renewable penetration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):28-35.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170110007.
[5]彭春华,于蓉,孙惠娟.基于K-均值聚类多场景时序特性分析的分布式电源多目标规划[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(10):58-65.PENG Chunhua,YU Rong,SUN Huijuan.Multi-objective DGplanning based on K-means clustering and multi-scenario timing characteristics analysis[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(10):58-65.
[6]李亮,唐巍,白牧可,等.考虑时序特性的多目标分布式电源选址定容规划[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(3):58-63.LI Liang,TANG Wei,BAI Muke,et al.Multi-objective locating and sizing of distributed generators based on timesequence characteristics[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(3):58-63.
[7]付爱慧,张峰,张利,等.考虑爬坡功率有限平抑的高渗透率光伏电网储能配置策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):53-61.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171130006.FU Aihui,ZHANG Feng,ZHANG Li,et al.Capacity optimization strategy of energy storage system for power grid with high penetration of photovoltaic considering limited smoothing of photovoltaic ramping power[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):53-61.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171130006.
[8]杨书强,郭力,刘娇扬,等.应用场景压缩和计及电压调节策略的光伏接入规划[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):31-38.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170910015.YANG Shuqiang,GUO Li,LIU Jiaoyang,et al.Photovoltaic access planning based on scenario compression and voltage regulation strategy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):31-38.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170910015.
[9]严艺芬,吴文宣,张逸,等.考虑区域能源供应商利益的主动配电网间歇性分布式电源优化配置[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):752-759.YAN Yifen,WU Wenxuan,ZHANG Yi,et al.Optimal allocation of intermittent distributed generation in active distribution network considering benefit of regional energy supplier[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):752-759.
[10]刘文霞,牛淑娅,石道桂,等.考虑运行策略及投资主体利益的主动配电系统储能优化配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(10):2697-2704.LIU Wenxia,NIU Shuya,SHI Daogui,et al.Optimal allocation of ADS battery energy storage considering operation strategy and investment subject benefit[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(10):2697-2704.
[11]高鹏,陈红坤,张光亚,等.主动配电网中消纳高渗透率风电的风电源规划[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):39-46.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180131006.GAO Peng,CHEN Hongkun,ZHANG Guangya,et al.Planning of wind turbine generators for high-penetration wind power accommodation in active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):39-46.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180131006.
[12]高红均,刘俊勇.考虑不同类型DG和负荷建模的主动配电网协同规划[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(18):4911-4922.GAO Hongjun,LIU Junyong.Coordinated planning considering different types of DG and load in active distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(18):4911-4922.
[13]王博,肖峻,周济,等.主动配电网中分布式电源和微网的运行域[J].电网技术,2017,37(2):363-372.ZENG Bo,XIAO Jun,ZHOU Ji,et al.Dispatchable region of distributed generators and microgrids in distribution systems[J].Power System Technology,2017,37(2):363-372.
[14]国家发展改革委,国家能源局.关于印发《推进并网型微电网建设试行办法》的通知.[EB/OL].[2017-07-17].http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201707/t20170724_855213.html.National Development and Reform Commission,National Energy Administration.Notice on issuing“interim measures for promoting the construction of grid-connected microgrid”[EB/OL].[2017-07-17].http://www.ndrc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/201707/t20170724_855213.html.
[15]微电网接入电力系统技术规定:GB/T 33589-2017[S].2017.Technical requirement for connecting microgrid to power system:GB/T 33589-2017[S].2017.
[16]朱兰,严正,杨秀,等.计及需求侧响应的微网综合资源规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2621-2628.ZHU Lan,YAN Zheng,YANG Xiu,et al.Integrated resources planning in micro-grid based on modeling demand response[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2621-2628.
[17]苏海锋,胡梦锦,梁志瑞.基于时序特性含储能装置的分布式电源规划[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(6):56-63.SU Haifeng,HU Mengjin,LIANG Zhirui.Distributed generation&energy storage planning based on timing characteristics[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(6):56-63.
[18]刘志鹏,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.计及可入网电动汽车的分布式电源最优选址和定容[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(18):11-16.LIU Zhipeng,WEN Fushuan,XUE Yusheng,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of distributed generators considering plug-in electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(18):11-16.
[19]张勇军,苏杰和,羿应棋.基于区间算术的含分布式电源电网无功优化方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):21-26.ZHANG Yongjun,SU Jiehe,YI Yingqi.Reactive power optimization based on interval arithmetic with distributed power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):21-26.
[20]姜建国,田旻,王向前,等.采用扰动加速因子的自适应粒子群优化算法[J].西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,39(4):74-80.JIANG Jianguo,TIAN Min,WANG Xiangqian,et al.Adaptive particle swarm optimization via disturbing acceleration coefficients[J].Journal of Xidian University(Natural Science),2012,39(4):74-80.
[21]王成山,王守相.基于区间算法的配电网三相潮流计算及算例分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(3):59-63.WANG Chengshan,WANG Shouxiang.Distribution threephase power flow based on interval algorithm and test results[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(3):59-63.
[22]BARAN M E,WU F F.Network reconfiguration in distribution systems for loss reduction and load balancing[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1989,4(4):1401-1407.
[23]张沈习,李珂,程浩忠,等.间歇性分布式电源在主动配电网中的优化配置[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(11):45-51.ZHANG Shenxi,LI ke,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Optimal allocation of intermittent distributed generator in active distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(11):45-51.