我国“零死亡愿景”交通安全理念及实施战略研究
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摘要
安全是交通运输永恒的主题,事关国家经济社会的发展与稳定。围绕实现"人民满意、保障有力、世界领先"的交通强国目标,以降低交通事故率、死亡率和提高交通系统安全可靠性为导向,在深入剖析我国交通安全现状和问题基础上,总结国内外交通安全发展趋势,提出了中国"零死亡愿景"交通安全理念和实施战略,为服务交通安全强国建设提出具体对策建议。
Safety is an eternal theme of transportation industry and is critical to development and stability of economy and society. This paper focuses on the goal of becoming a top-ranked country with a powerful transportation system through reducing accidents and mortality, and systematically improving safety and reliability. Targeting on building China′s strength in transportation as "satisfaction of people, adequate logistic support, worldwide leading industry", "Vision Zero" concept and its implementation strategy in China is proposed. Based on an in-depth analysis of state-of-the-practices and challenges of traffic safety in China, and summarize trends of studies in China and abroad, the "Vision Zero" concept can be a foundation for China to step into a nation with safer transportation.
Safety is an eternal theme of transportation industry and is critical to development and stability of economy and society. This paper focuses on the goal of becoming a top-ranked country with a powerful transportation system through reducing accidents and mortality, and systematically improving safety and reliability. Targeting on building China′s strength in transportation as "satisfaction of people, adequate logistic support, worldwide leading industry", "Vision Zero" concept and its implementation strategy in China is proposed. Based on an in-depth analysis of state-of-the-practices and challenges of traffic safety in China, and summarize trends of studies in China and abroad, the "Vision Zero" concept can be a foundation for China to step into a nation with safer transportation.
引文
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[7] 杨传堂,李小鹏.奋力开启建设交通强国的新征程[J].交通运输部管理干部学院学报,2018,28(4):48. YANG Chuantang, LI Xiaopeng. Strive to open a new journey of building a transportation powerful country[J]. Journal of Transportation Management Institute of China, 2018,28(4):48. (in Chinese)
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[15] 中国民用航空局安全办公室,中国民航科学技术研究院.中国民用航空安全信息统计分析报告(2011—2017)[R].北京:中国民用航空局安全办公室,中国民航科学技术研究院,2017. Safety Office of China Civil Aviation Administration, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technol. Statistical analysis report of China civil aviation safety information(2011—2017) [R]. Beijing: Safety Office of China Civil Aviation Administration, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technol, 2017. (in Chinese)
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[17] 陆化普.提升我国道路交通安全水平的新思考[J].中国公路,2018(6):23-25. LU Huapu. New thoughts on improving China′s road traffic safety level[J]. China Highway, 2018(6):23-25. (in Chinese)
[18] JOHANSSOR R. Vision Zero:Implementing a policy for traffic safety[J]. Safety Science, 2009,47(6):826-831.
[19] WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM. Sweden has a plan to end all traffic accident deaths[EB/OL]. (2018-04)[2018-10-06]. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/04/sweden-zero-vision-traffic-road-deaths/.
[20] EVENSON K R, LAJEUNESSE S, HEINY S. Awareness of Vision Zero among United States′ road safety professionals[J]. Injury epidemiology, 2018,5(1):21.
[21] ZWETSLOOT G I J M, KINES P, RUOTSALA R, et al. The importance of commitment, communication, culture and learning for the implementation of the Zero Accident Vision in 27 companies in Europe[J]. Safety science, 2017(96):22-32.
[22] LUè A, BRESCIANI C, COLORNI A, et al. Future priorities for a climate-friendly transport:A European strategic research agenda toward 2030[J]. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2016,10(3):236-246.
[23] World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2015[M].Geneva, Swiss: World Health Organization, 2015.
[24] European Commission, Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport. White paper on transport[R]. Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, 2011
[25] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MLIT). Integrated transport policy system [R]. Tokyo: MLIT, 2012
[26] BLANCO M, ATWOOD J, RUSSELL S, et al. Automated vehicle crash rate comparison using naturalistic data[R]. Virginia: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, 2016.
[27] 卢春房.交通基础设施面对的挑战[J].中国公路,2018(15):22-23. LU Chunfang. Challenges of transport infrastructure[J]. China Highway, 2018(15):22-23. (in Chinese)
[28] 张军,王云鹏,鲁光泉,等.中国综合交通工程科技2035发展战略研究[J].中国工程科学,2017,19(01):43-49. ZHANG Jun, WANG Yunpeng, LU Guangquan, et al. Development strategy for China′s integrated transportation engineering science and technology to 2035[J]. Engineering Sciences, 2017,19(1):43-49. (in Chinese)
[29] BREWER A, SCHUERGER J, HOPE J. Surface transportation security and reliability information system model deployment: IFlorida final system design[J]. Reliability, 2003,5(1):114-126.
[30] ROHAN NARAYANA M,GEOFFREY M,IAN A,et al. CitySense:An urbanscale wireless sensor network and testbed [J]. IEEE Int Conf on Technologies for Homeland Security, 2008,11(2):151-167.
[31] KAIWARTYA O, ABDULLAH A H, CAO Y, et al. Internet of vehicles: Motivation, layered architecture, network model, challenges, and future aspects[J]. IEEE Access, 2016(4):5356-5373.
[2] 交通运输部.关于推进交通运输安全体系建设的意见[R].北京:交通运输部,2015. Ministry of Transport. Opinions on promoting the construction of transportation safety system[R]. Beijing: Ministry of Transport, 2015. (in Chinese)
[3] 交通运输部.交通运输行业发展统计公报[R].北京:交通运输部,2017. Ministry of Transport. Statistical communique on the development of communicate and transportation industry[R]. Beijing: Ministry of Transport, 2017. (in Chinese)
[4] 交通运输部.公路水路交通运输行业发展统计公报(2010—2012)[R].北京:交通运输部. Ministry of Transport. Statistical communique on the development of highways and waterways communicate and transportation industry(2010—2012) [R]. Beijing: Ministry of Transport,2012.(in Chinese)
[5] 傅志寰.交通强国的战略目标[J].中国公路,2017(21):24-25. FU Jianhuan. Strategic target of country with a powerful transportation system[J]. China Highway, 2017(21):24-25. (in Chinese)
[6] United Nations Road Safety Collaboration. Decade of action for road safety (2010—2020)[R]. New York City: United Nations, 2010.
[7] 杨传堂,李小鹏.奋力开启建设交通强国的新征程[J].交通运输部管理干部学院学报,2018,28(4):48. YANG Chuantang, LI Xiaopeng. Strive to open a new journey of building a transportation powerful country[J]. Journal of Transportation Management Institute of China, 2018,28(4):48. (in Chinese)
[8] 中共交通运输部党组.全面深化改革开放奋力从交通大国向交通强国[N].中国交通报,2018-12-26(001). Party Group of the Ministry of Transport of the Communist Party of China. Deepening reform and opening-up in an all-round way and striving to become a top-ranked transportation country from a transportation power[N]. China Transportation Paper, 2018-12-26(001). (in Chinese)
[9] 严新平,张金奋,吴兵.交通强国战略下水运安全挑战与展望[J].长江技术经济,2018,2(3):39-43. YAN Xinping, ZHANG Jinfen, WU Bing. Challenges and prospects of waterway shippment safety under the strategy of strength in transportation[J]. Technology and Economy of Changjiang, 2018,2(3):39-43. (in Chinese)
[10] 贺宜,杨鑫炜,吴兵,等.中美交通事故数据统计方法比较研究[J].交通信息与安全,2018,36(1):1-9. HE Yi, YANG Xinwei, WU Bing, et al. A comparison of statistical system of traffic sccidents data between China and U.S.[J]. Journal of Transport Information and Safety, 2018,36(1):1-9. (in Chinese)
[11] 国家统计局.国际统计年鉴(2010—2016)[R].北京:国家统计局,2016. National Bureau of Statistics. International Statistical Yearbook(2010—2016) [R]. Beijing: National Bureau of Statistics, 2010—2016. (in Chinese)
[12] United States department of transportation. annual report of traffic accident statistics in the united states(2010—2016)[R]. The United States:United States Department of Transportation,2016.
[13] 严新平,黄明,陈厚忠,等.长江航运安全监控及应急技术[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2017. YAN Xinping,HUANG Ming, CHEN Houzhong. Safety and emergency technology for water transportation in the Yangtze River[M]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology Press, 2017. (in Chinese)
[14] Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty. Global aviation safety plan (2017—2019)[R].Montreal, Canada: International Civil Aviation Organization,2016.
[15] 中国民用航空局安全办公室,中国民航科学技术研究院.中国民用航空安全信息统计分析报告(2011—2017)[R].北京:中国民用航空局安全办公室,中国民航科学技术研究院,2017. Safety Office of China Civil Aviation Administration, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technol. Statistical analysis report of China civil aviation safety information(2011—2017) [R]. Beijing: Safety Office of China Civil Aviation Administration, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technol, 2017. (in Chinese)
[16] 国家铁路总公司.铁路安全情况公告(2011—2017)[R].北京:国家铁路总公司,2017. China Railway. Report of Railway Safety(2011—2017)[R]. Beijing: China Railway,2017. (in Chinese)
[17] 陆化普.提升我国道路交通安全水平的新思考[J].中国公路,2018(6):23-25. LU Huapu. New thoughts on improving China′s road traffic safety level[J]. China Highway, 2018(6):23-25. (in Chinese)
[18] JOHANSSOR R. Vision Zero:Implementing a policy for traffic safety[J]. Safety Science, 2009,47(6):826-831.
[19] WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM. Sweden has a plan to end all traffic accident deaths[EB/OL]. (2018-04)[2018-10-06]. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/04/sweden-zero-vision-traffic-road-deaths/.
[20] EVENSON K R, LAJEUNESSE S, HEINY S. Awareness of Vision Zero among United States′ road safety professionals[J]. Injury epidemiology, 2018,5(1):21.
[21] ZWETSLOOT G I J M, KINES P, RUOTSALA R, et al. The importance of commitment, communication, culture and learning for the implementation of the Zero Accident Vision in 27 companies in Europe[J]. Safety science, 2017(96):22-32.
[22] LUè A, BRESCIANI C, COLORNI A, et al. Future priorities for a climate-friendly transport:A European strategic research agenda toward 2030[J]. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 2016,10(3):236-246.
[23] World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2015[M].Geneva, Swiss: World Health Organization, 2015.
[24] European Commission, Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport. White paper on transport[R]. Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, 2011
[25] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MLIT). Integrated transport policy system [R]. Tokyo: MLIT, 2012
[26] BLANCO M, ATWOOD J, RUSSELL S, et al. Automated vehicle crash rate comparison using naturalistic data[R]. Virginia: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, 2016.
[27] 卢春房.交通基础设施面对的挑战[J].中国公路,2018(15):22-23. LU Chunfang. Challenges of transport infrastructure[J]. China Highway, 2018(15):22-23. (in Chinese)
[28] 张军,王云鹏,鲁光泉,等.中国综合交通工程科技2035发展战略研究[J].中国工程科学,2017,19(01):43-49. ZHANG Jun, WANG Yunpeng, LU Guangquan, et al. Development strategy for China′s integrated transportation engineering science and technology to 2035[J]. Engineering Sciences, 2017,19(1):43-49. (in Chinese)
[29] BREWER A, SCHUERGER J, HOPE J. Surface transportation security and reliability information system model deployment: IFlorida final system design[J]. Reliability, 2003,5(1):114-126.
[30] ROHAN NARAYANA M,GEOFFREY M,IAN A,et al. CitySense:An urbanscale wireless sensor network and testbed [J]. IEEE Int Conf on Technologies for Homeland Security, 2008,11(2):151-167.
[31] KAIWARTYA O, ABDULLAH A H, CAO Y, et al. Internet of vehicles: Motivation, layered architecture, network model, challenges, and future aspects[J]. IEEE Access, 2016(4):5356-5373.