风电全消纳下虚拟电厂内部资源鲁棒调度策略
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摘要
虚拟电厂运行机制为可再生能源以及需求侧分布式电源并网提供了技术支撑。针对含风、火、水以及柔性负荷的虚拟电厂,构建了两阶段鲁棒优化模型。该模型在对风电出力全部消纳的情况下,优化其内部各单元出力,缓解风电的不确定性和随机性,保证虚拟电厂满足对某些负荷稳定供电的情况下,达到运行经济性最优。针对minmax-min型两阶段优化问题,将其分解为混合整数特性的主问题以及计及风电出力不确定性的线性优化子问题。然后引入线性优化强对偶理论与列约束生成算法对主问题与子问题进行迭代求解,与此同时,在迭代过程中采用Big-M法将子问题的对偶模型线性化。最后通过算例仿真验证了所提两阶段鲁棒模型的有效性。
The operation mechanism of the virtual power plant can provide the technical support for the integration of renewable energy and distributed power on the demand side.In this paper,a two-stage robust optimization model is built for virtual power plant(VPP)which includes wind power units,thermal power units,hydro units and flexible loads.Based on wind power completely consumed,the operation plan of each unit is optimized to alleviate the uncertainty and randomness of wind power,and guarantee the optimal operation efficiency of the virtual power plant.To solve the two-stage problem with min-max-min structure,it is decomposed into a main mixed integer problem and a linear optimization sub-problem which considers the uncertainty of wind power output.Then,the linear optimization strong duality theory and the column constraint generation algorithm(C&CG)are introduced to solve the main problem and the sub-problem by iteration.In the iteration process,the dual model of the sub-problem is linearized by the Big-M method.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiment results.
The operation mechanism of the virtual power plant can provide the technical support for the integration of renewable energy and distributed power on the demand side.In this paper,a two-stage robust optimization model is built for virtual power plant(VPP)which includes wind power units,thermal power units,hydro units and flexible loads.Based on wind power completely consumed,the operation plan of each unit is optimized to alleviate the uncertainty and randomness of wind power,and guarantee the optimal operation efficiency of the virtual power plant.To solve the two-stage problem with min-max-min structure,it is decomposed into a main mixed integer problem and a linear optimization sub-problem which considers the uncertainty of wind power output.Then,the linear optimization strong duality theory and the column constraint generation algorithm(C&CG)are introduced to solve the main problem and the sub-problem by iteration.In the iteration process,the dual model of the sub-problem is linearized by the Big-M method.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiment results.
引文
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[12]张倩文,王秀丽,杨廷天,等.含风电场电力系统的鲁棒优化调度[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1451-1463.ZHANG Qianwen,WANG Xiuli,YANG Tingtian,et al.A robust dispatch method for power grid with wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1451-1463.
[13]SHAHAB D,NIMA A,AHAD K.Two-stage robust generation expansion planning:a mixed integer linear programming model[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(2):584-597.
[14]邹云阳,杨莉.基于经典场景集的风光水虚拟电厂协同调度模型[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1855-1859.ZOU Yunyang,YANG Li.Synergetic dispatch models of a wind/pv/hydro virtual power plant based on representative scenario set[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1855-1859.
[2]夏榆杭,刘俊勇,冯超,等.计及需求响应的虚拟发电厂优化调度模型[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1666-1674.XIA Yuhang,LIU Junyong,FENG Chao,et al.Optimal scheduling model of virtual power plant considering demand response[J].Power System technology,2016,40(6):1666-1674.
[3]张程翔,刘天琪,卜涛.风水火联合电力系统动态优化调度[J].现代电力,2017,34(4):8-14.ZHANG Chengxiang,LIU Tianqi,BU Tao.Dynamic optimal dispatch of wind-hydro-thermal power system[J].Modern Electric Power,2017,34(4):8-14.
[4]牛文娟,李扬,王蓓蓓.考虑不确定性的需求响应虚拟电厂建模[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3630-3637.NIU Wenjuan,LI Yang,WANG Beibei.Demand response based virtual power plant modeling considering uncertainty[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3630-3637.
[5]艾欣,周树鹏,赵阅群.含虚拟发电厂的电力系统优化运行与竞价策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(23):6351-6362,6600.AI Xin,ZHOU Shupeng,ZHAO Yuequn.Research on optimal operation and bidding strategy of power system with virtual power plants[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(23):6351-6362,6600.
[6]张小敏.虚拟发电厂在大规模风电并网中的应用[J].电力建设,2011,32(9):11-13.ZHANG Xiaomin.Application of virtual power plant on large-scale wind power grid integration[J].Electric Power Construction,2011,32(9):11-13.
[7]卢锦玲,於慧敏.考虑风电相依结构的虚拟发电厂内部资源随机调度策略[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(17):67-74.LU Jinling,YU Huimin.Stochastic scheduling strategy of resources in virtual power plant considering wind power dependence structure[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(17):67-74.
[8]刘红岩,李明扬,梁钰,等.计及风火系统聚合特性的虚拟电厂经济调度研究[J].热能动力工程,2017,32(12):61-65,139.LIU Hongyan,LI Mingyang,LIANG Yu,et al.Economic dispatch of wind-thermal power system by using aggregated output characteristics of virtual power plants[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2017,32(12):61-65,139.
[9]赵天阳,张建华.风电/水电聚合虚拟发电厂的日前调度策略[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(1):115-121,129.ZHAO Tianyang,ZHANG Jianhua.Day-ahead dispatch method for virtual power plant integrated with wind-hydro power[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2017,33(1):115-121,129.
[10]徐秋实,邓长虹,赵维兴,等.含风电电力系统的多场景鲁棒调度方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(3):653-661.XU Qiushi,DENG Changhong,ZHAO Weixing,et al.A multi-scenario robust dispatch method for power grid integrated with wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(3):653-661.
[11]高红均,刘俊勇,魏震波.主动配电网分层鲁棒规划模型及其求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1389-1400.GAO Hongjun,LIU Junyong,WEI Zhenbo.A bilevel robust planning model of active distribution network and its solution method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1389-1400.
[12]张倩文,王秀丽,杨廷天,等.含风电场电力系统的鲁棒优化调度[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1451-1463.ZHANG Qianwen,WANG Xiuli,YANG Tingtian,et al.A robust dispatch method for power grid with wind farms[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1451-1463.
[13]SHAHAB D,NIMA A,AHAD K.Two-stage robust generation expansion planning:a mixed integer linear programming model[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(2):584-597.
[14]邹云阳,杨莉.基于经典场景集的风光水虚拟电厂协同调度模型[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1855-1859.ZOU Yunyang,YANG Li.Synergetic dispatch models of a wind/pv/hydro virtual power plant based on representative scenario set[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1855-1859.