珠江三角洲地区水环境承载力评价及障碍因素研究
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摘要
为深入了解珠江三角洲(简称珠三角)地区水环境承载力发展状况,更好地推进生态文明建设,从社会经济、水生态环境、水资源3个子系统中选取19项指标构成水环境承载力评价指标体系,运用熵权法和障碍度模型对2015年珠三角地区9个城市的水环境承载力和障碍指标进行评价分析。结果表明:水环境承载力综合评价指数平均值为0. 507,整体表现适中,但区域性差异显著,深圳、珠海和广州表现最好,佛山、东莞和江门相对较差;从指标障碍度分析来看,人均水资源量以9. 9%的障碍度均值成为全地区水环境承载力的首要障碍指标,各子系统障碍度也存在不同程度的空间分异性。根据珠三角地区经济发展特点提出了提高其水环境承载力的建议。
To comprehensively understand the development of water environmental carrying capacity in the Pearl River Delta and better promote the construction of ecological civilization, 19 indicators were selected to construct an evaluation index system from the three subsystems of economy, water environment and water resources. Entropy weighting method and obstacle degree model were used to evaluate and analyze the carrying capacity and obstacle factors of nine cities in the Pearl River Delta in 2015. The results showed that the average evaluation index of water environmental carrying capacity was 0. 507, and the overall performance was moderate, but the regional differences were significant: Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Guangzhou had the best performance, and Foshan, Dongguan and Jiangmen had relatively low level of carrying capacity. From the analysis of obstacle degree, the freshwater resource per capita was the dominant obstacle factor affecting the water environmental carrying capacity with an obstacle degree of 9. 9%, and there were also spatial differences in the obstacle degree of each subsystem in the region.Based on the characteristics of economic development in the Pearl River Delta, corresponding suggestions for improving its water environmental carrying capacity were put forward.
To comprehensively understand the development of water environmental carrying capacity in the Pearl River Delta and better promote the construction of ecological civilization, 19 indicators were selected to construct an evaluation index system from the three subsystems of economy, water environment and water resources. Entropy weighting method and obstacle degree model were used to evaluate and analyze the carrying capacity and obstacle factors of nine cities in the Pearl River Delta in 2015. The results showed that the average evaluation index of water environmental carrying capacity was 0. 507, and the overall performance was moderate, but the regional differences were significant: Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Guangzhou had the best performance, and Foshan, Dongguan and Jiangmen had relatively low level of carrying capacity. From the analysis of obstacle degree, the freshwater resource per capita was the dominant obstacle factor affecting the water environmental carrying capacity with an obstacle degree of 9. 9%, and there were also spatial differences in the obstacle degree of each subsystem in the region.Based on the characteristics of economic development in the Pearl River Delta, corresponding suggestions for improving its water environmental carrying capacity were put forward.
引文
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[19] WANG M X,ZHAO H H,CUI J X,et al. Evaluating green development level of nine cities within the Pearl River Delta,China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,174:315-323.
[20]张星星,曾辉.珠江三角洲城市群三维生态足迹动态变化及驱动力分析[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(2):771-778.ZHANG X X,ZENG H. Dynamic of three dimensional ecological footprint in the Pearl River Delta and its driving factors[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(2):771-778.
[21] LIU B J,PENG S H,LIAO Y Y,et al. The causes and impacts of water resources crises in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,177:413-425.
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[24]王友贞,施国庆,王德胜.区域水资源承载力评价指标体系的研究[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(4):597-604.WANG Y Z,SHI G Q,WANG D S. Study on evaluation index of regional water resources carrying capacity[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2005,20(4):597-604.
[25]殷培杰,杜世勇,白志鹏. 2008年山东省17城市生态承载力分析[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(9):2048-2057.YIN P J,DU S Y,BAI Z P. Analysis and evaluation of the ecological carrying capacity of 17 cities in Shandong Province in2008[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(9):2048-2057.
[26]李新,石建屏,曹洪.基于指标体系和层次分析法的洱海流域水环境承载力动态研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(6):1338-1344.LI X,SHI J P,CAO H. Water environment carrying capacity of Erhai Lake based on index system and analytic hierarchy process[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(6):1338-1344.
[27] WANG J Y,WEI X M,GUO X. A three-dimensional evaluation model for regional carrying capacity of ecological environment to social economic development:model development and a case study in China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,89:348-355.
[28] REN C F,GUO P,LI M,et al. An innovative method for water resources carrying capacity research:metabolic theory of regional water resources[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2016,167:139-146.
[29] LIU R Z,BORTHWICK A G. Measurement and assessment of carrying capacity of the environment in Ningbo,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(8):2047-2053.
[30]冉圣宏,薛纪渝,王华东.区域环境承载力在北海市城市可持续发展研究中的应用[J].中国环境科学,1998,18(增刊1):84-88.RAN S H,XUE J Y,WANG H D. The application of regional environmental carrying capacity on Beihai city sustainable development[J]. China Environmental Science,1998,18(Suppl1):84-88.
[31]雷勋平,邱广华.基于熵权TOPSIS模型的区域资源环境承载力评价实证研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(1):314-323.LEI X P,QIU G H. Empirical study about the carrying capacity evaluation of regional resources and environmental based on entropy-weight TOPSIS model[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(1):314-323.
[32] SUN L Y,MIAO C L,YANG L. Ecological-economic efficiency evaluation of green technology innovation in strategic emerging industries based on entropy weighted TOPSIS method[J].Ecological Indicators,2017,73:554-558.
[33]邹志红,孙靖南,任广平.模糊评价因子的熵权法赋权及其在水质评价中的应用[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(4):552-556.ZOU Z H,SUN J N,REN G P. Study and application on the entropy method for determination of weight of evaluating indicators in fuzzy synthetic evaluation for water quality assessment[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(4):552-556.
[2] BAI X M,CHEN J,SHI P J. Landscape urbanization and economic growth in China:positive feedbacks and sustainability dilemmas[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2012,46(1):132-139.
[3] LI Y H,JIA L R,WU W H,et al. Urbanization for rural sustainability:rethinking China's urbanization strategy[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,178:580-586.
[4] SONG C J,LIU Q L,GU S,et al. The impact of China's urbanization on economic growth and pollutant emissions:an empirical study based on input-output analysis[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,198:1289-1301.
[5]石建屏,李新.滇池流域水环境承载力及其动态变化特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(7):1777-1784.SHI J P,LI X. Water environment carrying capacity in Dianchi Lake basin and its dynamic variation characteristics[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(7):1777-1784.
[6]王金南,于雷,万军,等.长江三角洲地区城市水环境承载力评估[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(6):1147-1151.WANG J N,YU L,WAN J,et al. Assessment on water environmental carrying capacity in the Yangtze River Delta[J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(6):1147-1151.
[7] LIU J G,YANG W. Water sustainability for China and beyond[J]. Science,2012,337:649-650.
[8] GRAYMORE M L M,SIPE N G,RICKSON R E. Sustaining human carrying capacity:a tool for regional sustainability assessment[J]. Ecological Economics,2010,69(3):459-468.
[9]唐剑武,郭怀成.环境承载力及其在环境规划中的初步应用[J].中国环境科学,1997,17(1):6-9.TANG J W,GUO H C. Environmental bearing capacity and its application on environmental planning[J]. China Environmental Science,1997,17(1):6-9.
[10] PRATO T. Fuzzy adaptive management of social and ecological carrying capacities for protected areas[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(8):2551-2557.
[11] YUAN W,LOU Z H,TIAN J. Comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in Fuyang City[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,39(1):103-108.
[12] MA L,ZHAO J H,HONG M,et al. Application of set pair analysis model based on entropy weight for comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity[J]. Applied Mechanics&Materials,2012,195/196:764-769.
[13] XIONG H G,FU J H,WANG K L. Evaluation of water resource carrying capacity of Qitai Oasis in Xinjiang by entropy method[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2012,20(10):1382-1387.
[14] WANG C H,HOU Y L,XUE Y J. Water resources carrying capacity of wetlands in Beijing:analysis of policy optimization for urban wetland water resources management[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,161:1180-1191.
[15]郭倩,汪嘉杨,张碧.基于DPSIRM框架的区域水资源承载力综合评价[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(3):484-493.GUO Q,WANG J Y,ZHANG B. Comprehensive evaluation of the water resource carrying capacity based on DPSIRM[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2017,32(3):484-493.
[16]郑晶,于浩,黄森慰.基于DPSIR-TOPSIS模型的福建省生态环境承载力评价及障碍因素研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(11):4391-4398.ZHENG J,YU H,HUANG S W. Evaluation and obstacle factors study on eco-environmental carrying capacity in Fujian Province based on DPSIR-TOPSIS model[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(11):4391-4398.
[17] ZHOU X Y,LEI K,MENG W,et al. Industrial structural upgrading and spatial optimization based on water environment carrying capacity[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,165:1462-1472.
[18]朱照宇,邓清禄,周厚云,等.珠江三角洲经济区可持续发展中的水环境问题[J].环境科学学报,2001,21(4):405-410.ZHU Z Y,DENG Q L,ZHOU H Y,et al. The problems of water environment in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone during sustainable developing[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2001,21(4):405-410.
[19] WANG M X,ZHAO H H,CUI J X,et al. Evaluating green development level of nine cities within the Pearl River Delta,China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,174:315-323.
[20]张星星,曾辉.珠江三角洲城市群三维生态足迹动态变化及驱动力分析[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(2):771-778.ZHANG X X,ZENG H. Dynamic of three dimensional ecological footprint in the Pearl River Delta and its driving factors[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(2):771-778.
[21] LIU B J,PENG S H,LIAO Y Y,et al. The causes and impacts of water resources crises in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,177:413-425.
[22]广东省人民政府办公厅.珠江三角洲地区生态安全体系一体化规划(2014—2020年)[EB/OL].[2014-11-24]. http://zwgk. gd. gov. cn/006939748/201412/t20141211_559384. html.
[23]广东省统计局. 2017年广东国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].[2018-03-02]. http://www. gdstats. gov. cn/tjzl/tjgb/201803/t20180302_381919. html.
[24]王友贞,施国庆,王德胜.区域水资源承载力评价指标体系的研究[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(4):597-604.WANG Y Z,SHI G Q,WANG D S. Study on evaluation index of regional water resources carrying capacity[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2005,20(4):597-604.
[25]殷培杰,杜世勇,白志鹏. 2008年山东省17城市生态承载力分析[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(9):2048-2057.YIN P J,DU S Y,BAI Z P. Analysis and evaluation of the ecological carrying capacity of 17 cities in Shandong Province in2008[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(9):2048-2057.
[26]李新,石建屏,曹洪.基于指标体系和层次分析法的洱海流域水环境承载力动态研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(6):1338-1344.LI X,SHI J P,CAO H. Water environment carrying capacity of Erhai Lake based on index system and analytic hierarchy process[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(6):1338-1344.
[27] WANG J Y,WEI X M,GUO X. A three-dimensional evaluation model for regional carrying capacity of ecological environment to social economic development:model development and a case study in China[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2018,89:348-355.
[28] REN C F,GUO P,LI M,et al. An innovative method for water resources carrying capacity research:metabolic theory of regional water resources[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2016,167:139-146.
[29] LIU R Z,BORTHWICK A G. Measurement and assessment of carrying capacity of the environment in Ningbo,China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(8):2047-2053.
[30]冉圣宏,薛纪渝,王华东.区域环境承载力在北海市城市可持续发展研究中的应用[J].中国环境科学,1998,18(增刊1):84-88.RAN S H,XUE J Y,WANG H D. The application of regional environmental carrying capacity on Beihai city sustainable development[J]. China Environmental Science,1998,18(Suppl1):84-88.
[31]雷勋平,邱广华.基于熵权TOPSIS模型的区域资源环境承载力评价实证研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(1):314-323.LEI X P,QIU G H. Empirical study about the carrying capacity evaluation of regional resources and environmental based on entropy-weight TOPSIS model[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(1):314-323.
[32] SUN L Y,MIAO C L,YANG L. Ecological-economic efficiency evaluation of green technology innovation in strategic emerging industries based on entropy weighted TOPSIS method[J].Ecological Indicators,2017,73:554-558.
[33]邹志红,孙靖南,任广平.模糊评价因子的熵权法赋权及其在水质评价中的应用[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(4):552-556.ZOU Z H,SUN J N,REN G P. Study and application on the entropy method for determination of weight of evaluating indicators in fuzzy synthetic evaluation for water quality assessment[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(4):552-556.