濒危植物中甸刺玫种子休眠及其生态学意义
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摘要
对中甸刺玫Rosa praelucens种子结构及其透水性,赤霉素处理对胚的影响,果壳、种皮、胚乳的粗提物活性进行研究。结果表明:(1)中甸刺玫外种皮是由多层排列紧密的厚壁细胞组成,内种皮为坚硬致密的栅栏组织;(2)种皮对种子的吸胀阻碍较大,未处理的种子吸水率较低,吸水13 d后增加量为18.82%;(3)果实结籽率为0.69%,多数果实中没有饱满的种子;(4)赤霉素100 mg·kg~(-1)预处理种子可加快胚的萌发速率;(5)胚乳、种皮、果壳中存在内源抑制物。中甸刺玫种子的休眠是由其形态和生理特点引起的综合休眠。
Seed structure and its water permeability of Rosa praelucens were studied, and the effects of GA3 treatment on embryo were determined. Meanwhile, the activities of crude extract from shell,testa and endosperm were carried out. The results showed that:(1) The testa of R. praelucens is composed of multiple thick-walled cells, arranging compactly, endopleura is composed of hard and dense palisade tissue.(2) The testa has a greater resistance to seed expansion, and the water absorption rate of untreated seed is low. The increment after water absorption 13 d is 18.82%.(3) The average seed setting rate of fruit is 0.69%, and there are no full seeds in most fruits.(4) Pretreatment with 100 mg·kg~(-1) GA3 can accelerate the germination rate of embryo;(5) Endogenous inhibitors are found in shell, testa and endosperm. The seed dormancy of R. praelucens is a combinational dormancy caused by its morphological and physiological characteristics.
Seed structure and its water permeability of Rosa praelucens were studied, and the effects of GA3 treatment on embryo were determined. Meanwhile, the activities of crude extract from shell,testa and endosperm were carried out. The results showed that:(1) The testa of R. praelucens is composed of multiple thick-walled cells, arranging compactly, endopleura is composed of hard and dense palisade tissue.(2) The testa has a greater resistance to seed expansion, and the water absorption rate of untreated seed is low. The increment after water absorption 13 d is 18.82%.(3) The average seed setting rate of fruit is 0.69%, and there are no full seeds in most fruits.(4) Pretreatment with 100 mg·kg~(-1) GA3 can accelerate the germination rate of embryo;(5) Endogenous inhibitors are found in shell, testa and endosperm. The seed dormancy of R. praelucens is a combinational dormancy caused by its morphological and physiological characteristics.
引文
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[11]赖江山,李庆梅,谢宗强.濒危植物秦岭冷杉种子萌发特性的研究[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(5):661-666.
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[16]Baskin J M,Baskin C C.A classification system for seed dormancy[J].Seed Science Research,2004,14:1-16.
[2]关文灵,李世峰,宋杰,潘丽蛟,牛红彬.云南特有濒危植物中甸刺玫的分布特征研究[J].西部林业科学,2012,2(41):88-93.
[3]李树发,李纯佳,蹇洪英.云南香格里拉特有易危植物中甸刺玫的表型多样性[J].园艺学报,2013,40(5):924-932.
[4]王开锦,张婷,王其刚,晏慧君,邱显钦,李淑斌,张颢,唐开学,蹇洪英.中甸刺玫的系统位置及杂交起源研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(5):1006-1015.
[5]Cogoni D,Mattana E,Fenu G,Bacchetta G.From seed to seedling:A critical transitional stage for the Mediterranean psammophilous species Dianthus morisianus(Caryophyllaceae)[J].Plant Biosystems,2012,146(4):910-917.
[6]Zheng D J,Wu Y J,Yun Y,Jiang D Q,Chen X,Zhang Z L.Seed germination and its environment adaptability of endangered tree Dracaena cambodiana[J].Journal of Tropical&Subtropical Botany,2016,24(1):71-79.
[7]和子森,陈苏依勒,程明,温晋芳,蔡晋,姜在民.濒危植物羽叶丁香种子休眠与萌发特性研究[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(4):560-568.
[8]白锦荣,张启翔,潘会堂.云南滇西北地区蔷薇属(Rosa L.)植物资源调查与评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(2):218-223.
[9]潘丽蛟,关文灵,华蔚菡,牛红彬.濒危植物中甸刺玫群落特征研究[J].亚热带植物科学,2012,41(3):51-55.
[10]苏智先.生殖生态学的概念及其研究内容.常绿阔叶林生态学研究[M].重庆:西南师范大学出版社,1988:39-48.
[11]赖江山,李庆梅,谢宗强.濒危植物秦岭冷杉种子萌发特性的研究[J].植物生态学报,2003,27(5):661-666.
[12]祝宁,王义弘.刺五加生殖生态学的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1992,20(5):12-16.
[13]唐艳,李海英,祖元刚.高山红景天生殖生态学有性与无性生殖的调查[J].东北林业大学学报,2002,30(5):80-82.
[14]吴征镒.中国种子植物属的分布区类型[J].云南植物研究,1991(增刊Ⅳ):1-139.
[15]宋松泉,程红焱,姜孝成.种子生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:17-47.
[16]Baskin J M,Baskin C C.A classification system for seed dormancy[J].Seed Science Research,2004,14:1-16.