特高压直流接入背景下的UPFC系统级控制策略
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摘要
为缓解特高压直流馈入受端电网后造成的多个交流输电通道紧张的问题,提高换流站交流母线暂态电压支撑强度和稳态调压能力,首先基于电网络理论推导了统一潮流控制器(UPFC)对输电线路电流、交流母线电压的控制灵敏度,分析了利用UPFC系统级控制功能(线路有功/无功潮流控制以及并联换流器无功功率控制)实现输电线路过载控制和交流母线电压调节的可行性。在此基础上,提出了一套特高压直流接入背景下的UPFC系统级控制策略,以监控系统运行参数并自动生成满足系统安全稳定约束的UPFC系统级控制指令值。最后,以锦苏直流落点附近的苏南500 kV UPFC示范工程作为仿真算例,验证了所提出的控制灵敏度分析的有效性和UPFC系统级控制策略的可行性。
To alleviate the problem of line overload raised by the integration of ultra-high voltage direct current(UHVDC) transmission systems, and to enhance the voltage support strength of the AC bus of the UHVDC station, the sensitivities of line loads and AC bus voltage magnitudes to the control of unified power flow controller(UPFC) are deduced based on electrical network theories. Then, the feasibility of the active/reactive power flow control ability of the series converter and the reactive power control ability of the shunt converter to achieve line overload control and voltage regulation is analyzed. On this basis, a UPFC control strategy for power grids integrated with UHVDC is developed. Using this control strategy, the system-level settings of the UPFC are generated automatically based on current/voltage measurements. Finally, a case study is done in the Suzhou southern power grid of China, where the 500 kV UPFC project and Jinping-Sunan UHVDC transmission system are located. The effectiveness of control sensitivity analysis and the feasibility of proposed control strategy are verified in the case study.
To alleviate the problem of line overload raised by the integration of ultra-high voltage direct current(UHVDC) transmission systems, and to enhance the voltage support strength of the AC bus of the UHVDC station, the sensitivities of line loads and AC bus voltage magnitudes to the control of unified power flow controller(UPFC) are deduced based on electrical network theories. Then, the feasibility of the active/reactive power flow control ability of the series converter and the reactive power control ability of the shunt converter to achieve line overload control and voltage regulation is analyzed. On this basis, a UPFC control strategy for power grids integrated with UHVDC is developed. Using this control strategy, the system-level settings of the UPFC are generated automatically based on current/voltage measurements. Finally, a case study is done in the Suzhou southern power grid of China, where the 500 kV UPFC project and Jinping-Sunan UHVDC transmission system are located. The effectiveness of control sensitivity analysis and the feasibility of proposed control strategy are verified in the case study.
引文
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[21] 翁华,徐政,许烽,等.直流系统紧急功率支援的限制因素分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(10):1519-1527.WENG Hua,XU Zheng,XU Feng,et al.Research on constraint factor of emergency power support of HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(10):1519-1527.
[2] 刘振亚,张启平,董存,等.通过特高压直流实现大型能源基地风、光、火电力大规模高效率安全外送研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2513-2522.LIU Zhenya,ZHANG Qiping,DONG Cun,et al.Efficient and security transmission of wind,photovoltaic and thermal power of large-scale energy resource bases through UHVDC projects[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2513-2522.
[3] 王建明,孙华东,张健,等.锦屏—苏南特高压直流投运后电网的稳定特性及协调控制策略[J].电网技术,2012,36(12):66-70.WANG Jianming,SUN Huadong,ZHANG Jian,et al.Stability characteristics and coordinated control strategy of interconnected grid integrated with UHVDC transmission line from Jinping to Sunan[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(12):66-70.
[4] 郭焕,曹均正,汤广福,等.±1 100 kV特高压直流换流系统主电路优化设计[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2383-2389.GUO Huan,CAO Junzheng,TANG Guangfu,et al.Optimization design of main circuit of converter system for ±1 100 kV UHVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2383-2389.
[5] 金一丁,于钊,李明节,等.新一代调相机与电力电子无功补偿装置在特高压交直流电网中应用的比较[J].电网技术,2018,42(7):2095-2102.JIN Yiding,YU Zhao,LI Mingjie,et al.Comparison of new generation synchronous condenser and power electronic reactive-power compensation devices in application in UHV DC/AC grid[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(7):2095-2102.
[6] 程春田,励刚,程雄,等.大规模特高压直流水电消纳问题及应用实践[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(3):549-560.CHENG Chuntian,LI Gang,CHENG Xiong,et al.Large-scale ultra-high voltage direct current hydropower absorption and its experiences[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(3):549-560.
[7] 汪惟源,窦飞,杨林,等.UPFC在江苏电网中的应用与控制效果[J].电网与清洁能源,2016,32(3):92-97.WANG Weiyuan,DOU Fei,YANG Lin,et al.Applications and control results of UPFC in Jiangsu power grid[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2016,32(3):92-97.
[8] 王永平,卢东斌,王振曦,等.适用于分层接入的特高压直流输电控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):59-65.WANG Yongping,LU Dongbin,WANG Zhenxi,et al.Control strategies for UHVDC with hierarchical connection mode[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):59-65.
[9] 郑超,汤涌,马世英,等.网源稳态调压对暂态无功支撑能力的影响研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):115-122.ZHENG Chao,TANG Yong,MA Shiying,et al.Study on the influence of steady-state voltage regulation schemes on transient reactive power supporting capability[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):115-122.
[10] GYUGYI L,SCHAUDER C D,WILLIAMS S L,et al.The unified power-flow controller—a new approach to power transmission control[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1995,10(2):1085-1097.
[11] 高雯曼,任建文,申旭辉,等.基于断面负载均衡度的统一潮流控制器潮流优化控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(24):79-85.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171226010.GAO Wenman,REN Jianwen,SHEN Xuhui,et al.Power flow optimization control method of unified power flow controller based on section load balance degree[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(24):79-85.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171226010.
[12] 祁万春,杨林,宋鹏程,等.南京西环网UPFC示范工程系统级控制策略研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):92-96.QI Wanchun,YANG Lin,SONG Pengcheng,et al.UPFC system control strategy research in Nanjing western power grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):92-96.
[13] JIAN A,JOSHI K,BEHAL A,et al.Voltage regulation with STATCOMs:modeling,control and results[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2006,21(2):726-735.
[14] 周建丰,顾亚琴,韦寿祺.SVC与STATCOM的综合比较分析[J].电力自动化设备,2007,27(12):57-60.ZHOU Jianfeng,GU Yaqin,WEI Shouqi.Comprehensive comparative analysis of SVC and STATCOM[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2007,27(12):57-60.
[15] 郑超.直流逆变站电压稳定测度指标及紧急控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(2):344-352.ZHENG Chao.Voltage stability index of HVDC inverter station and emergency control strategy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(2):344-352.
[16] FUJITA H,WATANABE Y,AKAGI H,et al.Control and analysis of a unified power flow controller[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,1999,14(6):1021-1027.
[17] 周庭阳,张红岩.电网络理论:图论方程综合[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2008:60-73.ZHOU Tingyang,ZHANG Hongyan.Electrical network theory:graph theory,equation and synthesis[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2008:60-73.
[18] RAJABI-GHAHNAVIEH A,FOTUHI-FIRUZABAD M,OTHMAN M.Optimal unified power flow controller application to enhance total transfer capability[J].IET Generation,Transmission & Distribution,2015,9(4):358-368.
[19] 吴熙,殷天然,祁万春,等.考虑新型拓扑结构的统一潮流控制器五端功率注入模型[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(19):155-162.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180209003.WU Xi,YIN Tianran,QI Wanchun,et al.Five-terminal power injection model of UPFC considering novel topology structure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(19):155-162.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180209003.
[20] 凌峰,李九虎,田杰,等.适用于双回线路的统一潮流控制器系统结构优化分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(21):113-119.LING Feng,LI Jiuhu,TIAN Jie,et al.Optimization analysis of UPFC system structure for double-circuit lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(21):113-119.
[21] 翁华,徐政,许烽,等.直流系统紧急功率支援的限制因素分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(10):1519-1527.WENG Hua,XU Zheng,XU Feng,et al.Research on constraint factor of emergency power support of HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(10):1519-1527.