基于结构熵权法与故障树的智能变电站保护系统扰动度在线评估方法
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摘要
为了实现对智能变电站保护系统可靠性进行在线评估,分析了智能变电站保护系统中二次设备的故障原因,建立设备故障与告警信号的关联,构建了各保护失效的故障树。采用结构熵权法,分别对各间隔及其下属各保护功能的重要性赋予权重。给出了基于结构熵权法和故障树的智能变电站中二次设备失效的扰动度和保护系统的完整度在线评估方法及其流程。先在线收集来自各设备的告警信号,带着告警信号对各告警故障树分析,确定受告警信号影响的二次设备与保护功能,再根据已确定的各保护的重要性权重,在线计算得到全站保护系统的扰动度和完整度。典型变电站多个故障算例验证了所提方法的有效性。
In order to online assess the reliability of protectionsystem operation in intelligent substation, the fault trees of protection failure were constructed after analyzing the fault reasons and the relatedness between the equipment faults and alarming signals. The structure entropy weight method was adopted to obtain the importance weights of the bays and their distributed protection functions. The online assessment process of the disturbance degrees of device failure and protection systems function integrities in smart substation was given. By the online collecting the alarming signals from the devices, the affected device and protection functions were determined by the fault trees. According to the importance weights of the affected protections, the disturbance degree and integrity degree of protection systems can be obtained online. A number of fault cases on a typical substation demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed assessment method.
In order to online assess the reliability of protectionsystem operation in intelligent substation, the fault trees of protection failure were constructed after analyzing the fault reasons and the relatedness between the equipment faults and alarming signals. The structure entropy weight method was adopted to obtain the importance weights of the bays and their distributed protection functions. The online assessment process of the disturbance degrees of device failure and protection systems function integrities in smart substation was given. By the online collecting the alarming signals from the devices, the affected device and protection functions were determined by the fault trees. According to the importance weights of the affected protections, the disturbance degree and integrity degree of protection systems can be obtained online. A number of fault cases on a typical substation demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed assessment method.
引文
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[16]徐长宝,庄晨,蒋宏图.智能变电站二次设备状态监测技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(7):127-131.Xu Changbao,Zhuang Chen,Jiang Hongtu.Technical research of secondary equipments state monitoring in smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(7):127-131(in Chinese).
[17]程启月.评测指标权重确定的结构熵权法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2010,30(7):1225-1228.Cheng Qiyue.Structure entropy weight method to confirm the weightof evaluating index[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2010,30(7):1225-1228(in Chinese).
[2]张其林,王先培,杜双育,等.基于IEC 61850的智能电子设备交互模型形式化描述与验证[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(17):72-76.Zhang Qilin,Wang Xianpei,Du Shangyu,et al.Formal specification and verification of intelligent electronic device interaction model based on IEC61850[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(17):72-76(in Chinese).
[3]刘海峰,肖繁,赵永生,等.智能变电站集中式站域保护系统的可靠性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(4):157-164.Liu Haifeng,Xiao Fan,Zhao Yongsheng,et al.Reliability evaluation for centralized protection system of smart substation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(4):157-164(in Chinese).
[4]Xu X,Mitra J,Wang T,et al.An evaluation strategy for microgrid reliability considering the effects of protection system[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2015,31(5):434-450.
[5]Dai Z,Wang Z,Jiao Y.Bayes monte-carlo assessment method of protection systems reliability based on small failure sample data[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(4):1841-1848.
[6]Paul D,Chavdarian P B R.Undercurrent protection power system:a novel ground-fault protection relay scheme[J].IEEE Industry Applications Magazine,2015,21(1):23-32.
[7]Jiang K,Singh C.New models and concepts for power system reliability evaluation including protection system failures[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2011,26(4):1845-1855.
[8]Zhang Y,Sprintson A,Singh C.An integrative approach to reliability analysis of an IEC 61850 digital substation[C]//2012 Power and Energy Society General Meeting.San Diego,CA,USA:IEEE,2012:1-8.
[9]王同文,谢民,孙月琴,等.智能变电站继电保护系统可靠性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(6):58-66.Wang Tongwen,Xie Min,Sun Yueqin,et al.Analysis of reliability for relay protection systems in smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(6):58-66(in Chinese).
[10]薛安成,罗麟,景琦,等.基于Markov模型的高压输电线继电保护装置风险评估[J].电网技术,2014,38(7):1995-2000.Xue Ancheng,Luo Lin,Jing Qi,et al.Research on markov model based risk assessment of protective relaying for high voltage transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(7):1995-2000(in Chinese).
[11]张籍,杜治,谢瀚阳,等.基于不确定随机系统的新一代智能变电站可靠性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(9):1-7.Zhang Ji,Du Zhi,Xie Hanyang,et al.NGSS reliability analysis based on uncertain stochastic system[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(9):1-7(in Chinese).
[12]侯伟宏,张沛超,胡炎,等.基于高可用自动化网络的保护系统及其可靠性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(18):44-48.Hou Weihong,Zhang Peichao,Hu Yan,et al.Reliability analysis for protection systems based on high availability automation network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(18):44-48(in Chinese).
[13]王鹏,张贵新,朱小梅,等.基于故障模式与后果分析及故障树法的电子式电流互感器可靠性分析[J].电网技术,2006,30(23):15-20.Wang Peng,Zhang Guixin,Zhu Xiaomei,et al.Analysis on reliability of electronic current transformer based on failure modes,effects analysis and fault tree analysis[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(23):15-20(in Chinese).
[14]李妍,车勇,单强,等.智能变电站二次系统在线监测评估的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(10):66-70.Li Yan,Che Yong,Shan Qiang,et al.Research on secondary system on-line monitoring and evaluation in smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(10):66-70(in Chinese).
[15]叶远波,孙月琴,黄太贵,等.智能变电站继电保护二次回路在线监测与故障诊断技术[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(20):148-153.Ye Yuanbo,Sun Yueqin,Huang Taigui,et al.Online state detection and fault diagnosis technology of relay protection secondary circuits in smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(20):148-153(in Chinese).
[16]徐长宝,庄晨,蒋宏图.智能变电站二次设备状态监测技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(7):127-131.Xu Changbao,Zhuang Chen,Jiang Hongtu.Technical research of secondary equipments state monitoring in smart substation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(7):127-131(in Chinese).
[17]程启月.评测指标权重确定的结构熵权法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2010,30(7):1225-1228.Cheng Qiyue.Structure entropy weight method to confirm the weightof evaluating index[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2010,30(7):1225-1228(in Chinese).