废弃生物质的定义、分类及资源量研究述评
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摘要
为准确评估中国废弃生物质资源量,梳理2008—2018年已发表文献中的废弃生物质分类、相关术语及其定义、资源量评估方法和结果。将用于生物质原料废弃物的术语统称为"废弃生物质",首次确定其定义。根据来源行业不同,将所有废弃生物质划分为作物秸秆、林业剩余物、食用菌菌渣、畜禽和水产废弃物、工业有机废物及生活垃圾等一级分类,并分别确定二级和三级分类。结合已有对资源量的评估结果,总结2015年中国废弃生物质资源总量,其中固体类风干重为16.91亿t,包括作物秸秆9.12亿t、畜禽粪便4.17亿t、林业剩余物2.51亿t、食用菌菌渣0.87亿t、餐饮垃圾0.13亿t和污水污泥0.11亿t,液体废弃生物质即工业有机废水为199.50亿t。
The rational recycling of biowaste is an effective way to mitigate environmental pollution,reduce carbon emissions and promote energy substitution in China.To assess nationwide biowaste resources,various terms for biowaste were firstly identified and redefined as waste biomass,which could be divided into six categories including crop straw,forestry residue,fungus culture waste,livestock and aquatic waste,industrial organic waste and household garbage.Moreover,two levels of subcategories were further classified for each category according to different sources,respectively.Based on the data from literature summary,the total solid waste biomass in China(1.691×10~9 t in 2015 based on the air-dried weight) was composed of 9.12 ×10~8 t crop straw,4.17×10~8 t livestock excrement,2.51×10~8 t forest residue,0.87 ×10~8 t edible fungi residue,0.13×10~8 t restaurant food waste and 0.11×10~8 t sewage sludge.In addition,the total liquid waste biomass in China was 19.95×10~9 t in 2015 according to the discussed classification system.
The rational recycling of biowaste is an effective way to mitigate environmental pollution,reduce carbon emissions and promote energy substitution in China.To assess nationwide biowaste resources,various terms for biowaste were firstly identified and redefined as waste biomass,which could be divided into six categories including crop straw,forestry residue,fungus culture waste,livestock and aquatic waste,industrial organic waste and household garbage.Moreover,two levels of subcategories were further classified for each category according to different sources,respectively.Based on the data from literature summary,the total solid waste biomass in China(1.691×10~9 t in 2015 based on the air-dried weight) was composed of 9.12 ×10~8 t crop straw,4.17×10~8 t livestock excrement,2.51×10~8 t forest residue,0.87 ×10~8 t edible fungi residue,0.13×10~8 t restaurant food waste and 0.11×10~8 t sewage sludge.In addition,the total liquid waste biomass in China was 19.95×10~9 t in 2015 according to the discussed classification system.
引文
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