基于离散傅里叶频谱分析的直流配电网储能规划配置方法
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摘要
直流配电网中合理配置适当类型及容量的储能设备,可有效抑制直流电压闪变,提高系统运行稳定性和故障穿越能力。储能设备的配置属于直流配电网建设的前期规划设计范畴,以配网对储能设备的功率需求样本数据为基础。首先对功率样本数据进行离散傅里叶的频谱分析,得到低频段基础功率和高频段波动功率,考虑储能设备的储能周期和响应速率,采用储能电池和超级电容作为直流配电网的混合储能方案。引入权重系数对多维的低频段基础功率进行权重优化,配置储能电池的额定功率;然后对多维高频段的波动功率进行更新,在功率平衡的约束条件下配置超级电容的额定功率。同时,引入表征储能设备荷电状态SOC越限次数的影响指标,分析不同储能设备容量与影响指标之间的关系,寻求降低影响指标的储能设备容量的临界值。最后,以分布式新能源与负荷间的功率差额作为储能设备的功率需求样本数据,并建立算例对储能设备的功率和容量的配置方法进行验证。
Reasonable configuration of proper type and capacity of energy storage device in DC distribution network can effectively suppress DC voltage flicker and promote reliable stability of system operation and fault ride-through capability.The configuration of energy storage device is the pre-planning design of the DC distribution network construction, which is based on the power supply sample data of the energy storage device in the distribution network. The discrete Fourier spectrum analysis is performed on the power sample data of the energy storage device to obtain the base power in the low frequency and the fluctuation power in the high frequency. A hybrid energy storage device is obtained considering response rate and energy storage cycle characteristics. Then, a weight coefficient is introduced to optimize the weight of the multi-dimensional power in low frequency, to configure the rated power of the energy storage battery. After that, the configuration of the rated power of the supercapacitor is proposed under the constraints of power balance. Additionally, an impact index is introduced to characterize the relationship between State Of Capacity(SOC) and capacity of the energy storage device, to seek the threshold for the capacity of energy storage device reducing the impact. The validity of the method above is verified by an example taking the power difference between distributed renewable energy and load as the sample data of power requirement for energy storage device.
Reasonable configuration of proper type and capacity of energy storage device in DC distribution network can effectively suppress DC voltage flicker and promote reliable stability of system operation and fault ride-through capability.The configuration of energy storage device is the pre-planning design of the DC distribution network construction, which is based on the power supply sample data of the energy storage device in the distribution network. The discrete Fourier spectrum analysis is performed on the power sample data of the energy storage device to obtain the base power in the low frequency and the fluctuation power in the high frequency. A hybrid energy storage device is obtained considering response rate and energy storage cycle characteristics. Then, a weight coefficient is introduced to optimize the weight of the multi-dimensional power in low frequency, to configure the rated power of the energy storage battery. After that, the configuration of the rated power of the supercapacitor is proposed under the constraints of power balance. Additionally, an impact index is introduced to characterize the relationship between State Of Capacity(SOC) and capacity of the energy storage device, to seek the threshold for the capacity of energy storage device reducing the impact. The validity of the method above is verified by an example taking the power difference between distributed renewable energy and load as the sample data of power requirement for energy storage device.
引文
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[15]马溪原,周长城,刘育权,等.工业园区用户侧电池储能系统运营模式及其经济性分析[J].南方电网技术,2018,12(3):32-36.MA Xiyuan,ZHOU Changcheng,LIU Yuquan,et al.Business mode and economic analysis of user-side battery energy storage system in industrial parks[J].Southern Power System Technology,2018,12(3):32-36.
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[18]李滨,梁宇帆,祝靖,等.一种分布式光伏选线定容的二阶锥规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(10):113-122.LI Bin,LIANG Yufan,ZHU Jing,et al.A second-order cone programming method of feeder-selecting and sizing for distributed photovoltaic[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(10):113-122.
[19]沈欣炜,朱守真,郑竞宏,等.考虑分布式电源及储能配合的主动配电网规划-运行联合优化[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1913-1920.SHEN Xinwei,ZHU Shouzhen,ZHENG Jinghong,et al.Active distribution network planning-operation cooptimization considering the coordination of ESS and DG[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1913-1920.
[20]黄玉龙.微电网的容量优化及可靠性分析[D].济南:山东大学,2015.HUANG Yulong.Capacity optimization and reliability analysis of microgrid[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2015.
[2]姚钢,纪飞鹏,殷志柱,等.直流配电电能质量研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(16):163-170.YAO Gang,JI Feipeng,YIN Zhizhu,et al.Review on the research of DC power distribution power quality[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(16):163-170.
[3]宋强,赵彪,刘文华,等.智能直流配电网研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(25):9-19.SONG Qiang,ZHAO Biao,LIU Wenhua,et al.Overview of research on Intelligent DC distribution network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(25):9-19.
[4]HUANG A Q,CROW M L,HEYDT G T,et al.The future renewable electric energy delivery and management(FREEDM)system:the energy internet[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2010,99(1):133-148.
[5]TSOUKALAS L H,GAO R.From smart grids to an energy internet:Assumptions,architectures and requirements[C]//International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies,April 6-9,2008,Nanjing,China:94-98.
[6]刘国伟,赵宇明,袁志昌,等.深圳柔性直流配电示范工程技术方案研究[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(4):1-7.LIU Guowei,ZHAO Yuming,YUAN Zhichang,et al.Study on demonstration project technical scheme of VSC-DC distribution system in Shenzhen[J].Southern Power System Technology,2016,10(4):1-7.
[7]江道灼,郑欢.直流配电网研究现状与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):98-104.JIANG Daozhuo,ZHENG Huan.Research status and developing prospect of DC distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):98-104.
[8]林少伯,韩民晓,赵国鹏,等.基于随机预测误差的分布式光伏配网储能系统容量配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):25-33.LIN Shaobo,HAN Minxiao,ZHAO Guopeng,et al.Capacity allocation of energy storage in distributed photovoltaic power system based on stochastic prediction error[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):25-33.
[9]李军,颜辉,张仰飞,等.配电网和微网中分布式电源选址定容方法对比分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):147-154.LI Jun,YAN Hui,ZHANG Yangfei,et al.Comparison of locating and sizing methods of DGs between in microgrids and in distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):147-154.
[10]桑丙玉,王德顺,杨波,等.平滑新能源输出波动的储能优化配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3700-3706.SANG Bingyu,WANG Deshun,YANG Bo,et al.Optimal allocation of energy storage system for smoothing the output fluctuations of new energy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3700-3706.
[11]周楠,樊玮,刘念,等.基于需求响应的光伏微网储能系统多目标容量优化配置[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1709-1716.ZHOU Nan,FAN Wei,LIU Nian,et al.Battery storage multi-objective optimization for capacity configuration of PV-based microgrid considering demand response[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(6):1709-1716.
[12]陶琼,桑丙玉,叶季蕾,等.高光伏渗透率配电网中分布式储能系统的优化配置方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2158-2165.TAO Qiong,SANG Bingyu,YE Jilei,et al.Optimal configuration method of distributed energy storage systems in distribution network with high penetration of photovoltaic[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(7):2158-2165.
[13]任元会.工业与民用配电设计手册[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2005.
[14]门向阳,曹军,王泽森,等.能源互联微网型多能互补系统的构建与储能模式分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(19):5727-5737.MEN Xiangyang,CAO Jun,WANG Zesen,et al.The constructing of multi-energy complementary system of energy internet microgrid and energy storage model analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(19):5727-5737.
[15]马溪原,周长城,刘育权,等.工业园区用户侧电池储能系统运营模式及其经济性分析[J].南方电网技术,2018,12(3):32-36.MA Xiyuan,ZHOU Changcheng,LIU Yuquan,et al.Business mode and economic analysis of user-side battery energy storage system in industrial parks[J].Southern Power System Technology,2018,12(3):32-36.
[16]米增强,余洋,王璋奇,等.大规模储能技术在电力系统中的应用前景分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(1):3-8.MI Zengqiang,YU Yang,WANG Zhangqi,et al.Application prospect analysis of large scale energy storage technology in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(1):3-8.
[17]LUO Xing,WANG Jihong,DOONE R M,et al.Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation[J].Applied Energy,2015,137:511-536.
[18]李滨,梁宇帆,祝靖,等.一种分布式光伏选线定容的二阶锥规划方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(10):113-122.LI Bin,LIANG Yufan,ZHU Jing,et al.A second-order cone programming method of feeder-selecting and sizing for distributed photovoltaic[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(10):113-122.
[19]沈欣炜,朱守真,郑竞宏,等.考虑分布式电源及储能配合的主动配电网规划-运行联合优化[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1913-1920.SHEN Xinwei,ZHU Shouzhen,ZHENG Jinghong,et al.Active distribution network planning-operation cooptimization considering the coordination of ESS and DG[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):1913-1920.
[20]黄玉龙.微电网的容量优化及可靠性分析[D].济南:山东大学,2015.HUANG Yulong.Capacity optimization and reliability analysis of microgrid[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2015.