基于DSSAT模型和正交试验相结合的春小麦灌溉模式优化研究
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摘要
利用DSSAT模型模拟和田间试验相结合的方法,对宁夏引黄灌区春小麦节水灌溉模式进行了研究。采用4因素2水平L16(215)正交试验设计方法,筛选确定了适合宁夏引黄灌区DSSAT模型的春小麦品种宁春50号的10个生长参数和7个遗传参数;模拟了16种不同灌水情景的春小麦产量和灌水生产率,结合田间试验对DSSAT模型的适用性进行了评价。综合分析模拟和田间试验结果表明:(1) DSSAT模型对春小麦宁春50号产量模拟的相对均方根误差、绝对相对误差和平均误差分别为RRMSE=10.32%,ARE=9.79%,ME=2.23 kg,表明该模型模拟灌水效果较好;灌溉次数和灌溉时间对春小麦的产量和灌水生产率有显著影响。(2)宁夏引黄灌区春小麦的节水灌溉模式为降雨正常年份可控三水(A1B1C2D1)或控四水(A1B1C1D2),产量和灌水生产率分别为5 907 kg/hm~2、1.41 kg/m~3和6 102 kg/hm~2、1.45 kg/m~3,较完全灌溉(产量6 635 kg/hm~2,灌水生产率1.30 kg/m~3)减产幅度不大,但灌水生产率有较大的提高;降雨偏多年份可选择只灌2次水(A1B1C2D2),可获得较高的产量和灌水生产率(为6 368 kg/hm~2和1.93 kg/m~3)。研究结论可为宁夏引黄灌区春小麦的节水灌溉方案的决策提供依据和参考。
The water-saving irrigation model of spring wheat in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area was studied by DSSAT model simulation and field experiment.The orthogonal test design method of 4-factor 2-level L16(215) was adopted both in simulation and field experiment.The10 growth parameters and 7 genetic parameters of spring wheat varieties(Ningchun 50#) suitable for the DSSAT model in Ningxia yellow irrigation area were screened and determined.Combined with the main field experiments,16 different irrigation scenarios of spring wheat yield and irrigation water use efficiency were simulated,and the applicability of DSSAT4.7-CERES-wheat model was evaluated.Comprehensive analysis of simulation and field test results show that:(1) the Relative Root Mean Square Error(RRMSE),Absolute Relative Error(ARE) and Average Error(ME) of the yield of spring wheat variety Ning Chun 50# between simulation and field test are 10.32%,9.79%and 2.23 kg,respectively,which indicates that the model is better for simulating the irrigation mode optimization effect;under normal field management conditions,irrigation times and irrigation time have significant effects on spring wheat yield and irrigation productivity.(2) under normal climate conditions,spring wheat water-saving irrigation scheme in the irrigation area of Ningxia were non-irrigation at third water(A1B1C2D1) or fourth water(A1B1C1D2),the yield are 5 907 and 6 102 kg/hm~2,respectively,and the irrigation water use efficiency are1.41 and 1.45 kg/m~3,respectively.Two times of irrigation A1B1C2D2(first and second irrigation) can be used when the rainfall tends to be plenty,which can achieve high yield and water production efficiency(6 368 kg/hm~2 and 1.93 kg/m~3,respectively).The conclusions of this study can provide the basis and reference for the decision of water-saving irrigation scheme for spring wheat in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.
The water-saving irrigation model of spring wheat in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area was studied by DSSAT model simulation and field experiment.The orthogonal test design method of 4-factor 2-level L16(215) was adopted both in simulation and field experiment.The10 growth parameters and 7 genetic parameters of spring wheat varieties(Ningchun 50#) suitable for the DSSAT model in Ningxia yellow irrigation area were screened and determined.Combined with the main field experiments,16 different irrigation scenarios of spring wheat yield and irrigation water use efficiency were simulated,and the applicability of DSSAT4.7-CERES-wheat model was evaluated.Comprehensive analysis of simulation and field test results show that:(1) the Relative Root Mean Square Error(RRMSE),Absolute Relative Error(ARE) and Average Error(ME) of the yield of spring wheat variety Ning Chun 50# between simulation and field test are 10.32%,9.79%and 2.23 kg,respectively,which indicates that the model is better for simulating the irrigation mode optimization effect;under normal field management conditions,irrigation times and irrigation time have significant effects on spring wheat yield and irrigation productivity.(2) under normal climate conditions,spring wheat water-saving irrigation scheme in the irrigation area of Ningxia were non-irrigation at third water(A1B1C2D1) or fourth water(A1B1C1D2),the yield are 5 907 and 6 102 kg/hm~2,respectively,and the irrigation water use efficiency are1.41 and 1.45 kg/m~3,respectively.Two times of irrigation A1B1C2D2(first and second irrigation) can be used when the rainfall tends to be plenty,which can achieve high yield and water production efficiency(6 368 kg/hm~2 and 1.93 kg/m~3,respectively).The conclusions of this study can provide the basis and reference for the decision of water-saving irrigation scheme for spring wheat in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.
引文
[1]苏保平,黄继兵,杨自建.宁夏永宁县2016年春小麦新品种(系)展示报告[J].宁夏农林科技,2017,(2):17-19.
[2]沈强云,樊明,党根友,等.宁夏灌区春小麦新品种及肥密栽培技术研究[J].农业科学研究,2012,(4):1-6.
[3]刘玉兰,张晓煜,刘娟,等.气候变暖对宁夏引黄灌区春小麦生产的影响[J].气候变化研究进展,2008,(2):90-94.
[4]余仕琼.新疆北部干旱区春小麦需水量与灌溉制度试验研究[J]节水灌溉,2013,(6):45-47.
[5]李凤霞,王连喜,刘静,等.宁夏引黄灌区春小麦需水规律及水分指标的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2003,(4):113-115.
[6]Liu H,Liu H,Lei Q,et al.Using the DSSAT model to simulate wheat yield and soil organic carbon under a wheat-maize cropping system in the North China Plain[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2017,(10):2 300-2 307.
[7]Li Z T,Yang J Y,Smith W N,et al.Simulation of long-term spring wheat yields,soil organic C,N and water dynamics using DSSAT-CSM in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2015,101(3):401-419.
[8]Attia A,Rajan N,Xue Q,et al.Application of DSSAT-CERES-Wheat model to simulate winter wheat response to irrigation management in the Texas High Plains[J].Agricultural Water Management,2016,165:50-60.
[9]陶生才,潘婕,刘珂.DSSAT模型在中国农业与气候变化领域应用进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,(9):200-206.
[10]刘海龙,诸叶平,李世娟,等.DSSAT作物系统模型的发展与应用[J].农业网络信息,2011,(11):5-12.
[11]文新亚,陈阜.基于DSSAT模型模拟气候变化对不同品种冬小麦产量潜力的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,(S2):74-79.
[12]宋明丹,冯浩,李正鹏,等.基于Morris和EFAST的CERES-Wheat模型敏感性分析[J].农业机械学报,2014,(10):124-131.
[13]刘静,马力文,张晓煜,等.春小麦干热风灾害监测指标与损失评估模型方法探讨---以宁夏引黄灌区为例[J].应用气象学报,2004,(2):217-225.
[14]朱红兵,席凯强.SPSS 17.0中的正交试验设计与数据分析[J].首都体育学院学报,2013,(3):283-288.
[15]Jones J W G H.DSSAT Cropping System Model.[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2003:235-265.
[16]Hoogenboom G C H P.Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer(DSSAT)Version 4.7 DSSAT Foundation,Gainesville,Florida,USA.[Z].2017.
[17]Han E,Ines A,Koo J.Global High-Resolution Soil Profile Database for Crop Modeling Applications[Z].2015.
[18]姚宁,周元刚,宋利兵,等.不同水分胁迫条件下DSSAT-CE-RES-Wheat模型的调参与验证[J].农业工程学报,2015,(12):138-150.
[19]赵子龙,李波,丰雪,等.温室环境不同灌水水平条件下DS-SAT-CROPGRO-Tomato模型的调参与验证[J].应用生态学报,2018:1-15.
[20]Yang J M,Yang J Y,Dou S,et al.Simulating the effect of longterm fertilization on maize yield and soil C/N dynamics in northeastern China using DSSAT and CENTURY-based soil model[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2013,95(3):287-303.
[21]Yang J Y,Huffman E C T.EasyGrapher:Software for graphical and statistical validation of DSSAT outputs[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2004,45(1-3):125-132.
[22]姚宁.基于CERES-Wheat模型的冬小麦动态水分生产函数研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[23]苏占胜,陈晓光.CERES-WHEAT模型对宁夏南部山区春小麦模拟能力的检验[Z].中国北京:2008.
[24]刘静,张学艺,马国飞,等.宁夏春小麦干热风危害的光谱特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,(22):189-199.
[25]杜汛雨.基于DSSAT模型的华北地区冬小麦最优灌溉方案研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2016.
[26]张福.景电二期灌区风积沙化土壤春小麦种植适宜灌溉研究[J].节水灌溉,2010,(6):45-46.
[2]沈强云,樊明,党根友,等.宁夏灌区春小麦新品种及肥密栽培技术研究[J].农业科学研究,2012,(4):1-6.
[3]刘玉兰,张晓煜,刘娟,等.气候变暖对宁夏引黄灌区春小麦生产的影响[J].气候变化研究进展,2008,(2):90-94.
[4]余仕琼.新疆北部干旱区春小麦需水量与灌溉制度试验研究[J]节水灌溉,2013,(6):45-47.
[5]李凤霞,王连喜,刘静,等.宁夏引黄灌区春小麦需水规律及水分指标的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2003,(4):113-115.
[6]Liu H,Liu H,Lei Q,et al.Using the DSSAT model to simulate wheat yield and soil organic carbon under a wheat-maize cropping system in the North China Plain[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2017,(10):2 300-2 307.
[7]Li Z T,Yang J Y,Smith W N,et al.Simulation of long-term spring wheat yields,soil organic C,N and water dynamics using DSSAT-CSM in a semi-arid region of the Canadian prairies[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2015,101(3):401-419.
[8]Attia A,Rajan N,Xue Q,et al.Application of DSSAT-CERES-Wheat model to simulate winter wheat response to irrigation management in the Texas High Plains[J].Agricultural Water Management,2016,165:50-60.
[9]陶生才,潘婕,刘珂.DSSAT模型在中国农业与气候变化领域应用进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,(9):200-206.
[10]刘海龙,诸叶平,李世娟,等.DSSAT作物系统模型的发展与应用[J].农业网络信息,2011,(11):5-12.
[11]文新亚,陈阜.基于DSSAT模型模拟气候变化对不同品种冬小麦产量潜力的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,(S2):74-79.
[12]宋明丹,冯浩,李正鹏,等.基于Morris和EFAST的CERES-Wheat模型敏感性分析[J].农业机械学报,2014,(10):124-131.
[13]刘静,马力文,张晓煜,等.春小麦干热风灾害监测指标与损失评估模型方法探讨---以宁夏引黄灌区为例[J].应用气象学报,2004,(2):217-225.
[14]朱红兵,席凯强.SPSS 17.0中的正交试验设计与数据分析[J].首都体育学院学报,2013,(3):283-288.
[15]Jones J W G H.DSSAT Cropping System Model.[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2003:235-265.
[16]Hoogenboom G C H P.Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer(DSSAT)Version 4.7 DSSAT Foundation,Gainesville,Florida,USA.[Z].2017.
[17]Han E,Ines A,Koo J.Global High-Resolution Soil Profile Database for Crop Modeling Applications[Z].2015.
[18]姚宁,周元刚,宋利兵,等.不同水分胁迫条件下DSSAT-CE-RES-Wheat模型的调参与验证[J].农业工程学报,2015,(12):138-150.
[19]赵子龙,李波,丰雪,等.温室环境不同灌水水平条件下DS-SAT-CROPGRO-Tomato模型的调参与验证[J].应用生态学报,2018:1-15.
[20]Yang J M,Yang J Y,Dou S,et al.Simulating the effect of longterm fertilization on maize yield and soil C/N dynamics in northeastern China using DSSAT and CENTURY-based soil model[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2013,95(3):287-303.
[21]Yang J Y,Huffman E C T.EasyGrapher:Software for graphical and statistical validation of DSSAT outputs[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2004,45(1-3):125-132.
[22]姚宁.基于CERES-Wheat模型的冬小麦动态水分生产函数研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[23]苏占胜,陈晓光.CERES-WHEAT模型对宁夏南部山区春小麦模拟能力的检验[Z].中国北京:2008.
[24]刘静,张学艺,马国飞,等.宁夏春小麦干热风危害的光谱特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,(22):189-199.
[25]杜汛雨.基于DSSAT模型的华北地区冬小麦最优灌溉方案研究[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2016.
[26]张福.景电二期灌区风积沙化土壤春小麦种植适宜灌溉研究[J].节水灌溉,2010,(6):45-46.