摘要
超高层建筑施工是一项复杂的系统工程,其内部各组成部分之间相互联系又相互制约,关系错综复杂。随着超高层建筑工程规模日益扩大和结构日趋复杂,也导致施工进度控制管理难度加大。本文将施工动态仿真、施工进度控制和模糊综合优化等先进技术方法引入到超高层建筑施工组织设计中,开展了超高层建筑施工动态仿真与模糊综合优化的理论方法及其应用研究,通过分析不同施工机械配置、不同施工工艺、不同风险和投资下对施工进度的影响,进行了仿真参数的多方案优选,得到了合理可行的施工进度安排,并对施工过程进行了动态可视化分析,为超高层建筑施工设计与管理提供了理论与技术支持。
论文主要研究内容及成果如下:
(1)针对超高层建筑施工结构复杂、施工环节多等特点,提出了超高层建筑施工动态可视化仿真理论与方法。并根据超高层建筑施工工艺的特殊性,提出了仿真建模理论及其计算与分析方法。进行了施工动态可视化仿真技术的研究,为更直观的表达仿真成果提供了理论方法和依据。
(2)研究了最佳投资-风险耦合下的工程进度模糊综合优化方法,综合考虑利率和物价上涨因素,同时考虑工期风险与投资的不可公度性,以及工期、投资对于决策目标的模糊性的情况下,建立了耦合投资-工期风险目标的工程进度模糊综合优化模型。提出了基于Vague集的综合优化方法,采用Vague集隶属函数来度量投资和风险对于决策目标的效用。并采用遗传算法对模型的求解进行了算法设计,成为解决工程进度优化问题的有效途径。
(3)在工期-成本-质量综合优化的基础上,探讨性引入安全指标,通过考虑施工工期、成本、质量、安全指标等四个施工重要目标,定义了模糊多属性优属度,并利用直觉模糊集进行评价,建立了综合工期-成本-质量-安全的施工方案模糊群决策模型,并采用遗传算法对模型进行求解,得出最满意作业模式组合下的工期、成本、质量、安全指标,计算结果可以用于指导施工进度安排和施工作业模式选择,具有重要的参考价值。
(4)根据前面提出的理论方法,综合考虑各种因素的影响,进行了迪凯国际中心超高层建筑施工全过程仿真建模与计算研究,通过分析不同施工机械配置、不同施工工艺、不同风险和投资下对施工进度的影响,进行仿真参数的优选,最后根据优选的仿真参数,得出合理可行的施工进度安排、关键路线、总工期等,为施工人员安排合理的施工进度提供了科学依据。
The construction of super high-rise building is a rather complicated system. The parts of the system are not only related with each other, but also restricted with each other, and the relationship of them is anfractuous. With the expansion of the scale and complex structure for projects, it is more difficult for construction scheduling control and management of super high-rise building. In this paper, many theories including dynamic construction simulation, construction scheduling control and fuzzy comprehensive optimization technology, are introduced into construction design of super high-rise building. Theoretical Study and application of dynamic simulation and fuzzy comprehensive optimization for super high-rise building construction operations is presented. Multi-scheme optimization for simulation parameters is studied with dynamic change of construction operation procedure, resource allocation, balance between risk and investment. Reasonable construction schedule is presented, and construction process is analyzed by means of dynamic visualization, which provides theoretical foundation and technical support for construction design and management of super high-rise building.
The main research contents and achievements of the thesis are as follows:
(1) Aiming at the complicated structure and construction operation procedure of super high-rise building, methodology of construction dynamic visual simulation for super high-rise building is proposed. The modeling method and simulation technology are presented, by considering the particularity of construction operations for super high-rise building. Technology of construction dynamic visual simulation is studied, so that construction simulation results can be understood more intuitively.
(2) Fuzzy comprehensive optimization for construction scheduling is studied, with the most appropriate combination of risk and investment. Considering the influence of interest rates and inflation, rish and investment with different unit, and the characteristic of fuzzy goals for investment, the fuzzy comprehensive optimization model of construction scheduling, with the most appropriate combination of risk and investment, is presented. Comprehensive optimization method based on Vague Sets is proposed, and membership function of Vague Sets is applied to measure the effectivity of investment and risk on decision target. Genetic Algorithms is used in solving the model, which becomes an effective way to solve the problem of construction scheduling optimization.
(3) The element of safety is introduced into comprehensive optimization of time, cost and quality. By considering the four targets of construction, which are time, cost, quality and safety, fuzzy mulit-attribute optimal membership degree is defined and evaluated with intuitionistic fuzzy sets. The fuzzy group decision model of construction schemes, considering time, cost, quality and safety, is presented. Genetic Algorithms is used in solving the model, and the elements of time, cost, quality and safety are obtained with the best combination. The results can be applied to assist in scheduling arrangement and the choice of modes for costruction operations, which can be valuable.
(4) With the theories mentioned above, and considering all kinds of factors, the modeling and construction simulation for Dikai International Center super high-rise building is carried out. Multi-scheme optimization for simulation parameters is studied with dynamic change of construction operation procedure, resource allocation, balance between risk and investment. According to the optimized parameters, reasonable construction schedule, critical paths and time limit of the project are presented, which provide scientific basis for reasonable arrangement of construction scheduling.
引文
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